Okay, so I'm trying to figure out whether this GitLab shared runner setup for Linux user testing relates to a 'user-mode' or 'system-mode' bug in QEMU. Let me break it down. First, what's the difference between user-mode and system-mode in QEMU? From what I remember, QEMU can run in two modes: user mode and system mode. User-mode emulation is when QEMU runs individual applications without a full OS, translating system calls from one architecture to another. It's like running a single program as if it were on a different machine. On the other hand, system-mode emulation is where QEMU emulates an entire computer, including the hardware and the operating system. This mode allows you to run a full OS within QEMU, which requires more resources because it's simulating the whole environment. Now, looking at the setup: GitLab shared runner for Linux user testing. I think this refers to using a CI/CD pipeline to test applications in a user-space environment on Linux. The term "user" here might imply that we're focusing on user-mode testing rather than full system-level testing. In user-mode testing, you're probably checking how an application behaves when run under emulation without the overhead of a full OS. This is useful for quickly testing compatibility or performance across different architectures without setting up a full VM each time. If it were system-mode, we'd be talking about emulating the entire OS and hardware stack, which would involve more complex setups and higher privileges since you're dealing with kernel-level operations and device emulation. Since the report mentions "user testing" and not something like "full OS" or "hardware emulation," I'm leaning towards it being a user-mode issue. The shared runner is likely set up to run tests in an environment that doesn't require full system resources, focusing on application-level testing instead. The bug report relates to user-mode testing as it focuses on running applications without a full OS setup. user