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-rw-r--r--hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c43
-rw-r--r--hw/acpi/core.c18
-rw-r--r--hw/acpi/ich9.c24
-rw-r--r--hw/acpi/piix4.c33
-rw-r--r--hw/alpha/typhoon.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/Makefile.objs3
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c103
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/boot.c217
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/cubieboard.c69
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/digic.c115
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/digic_boards.c162
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/highbank.c40
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/mainstone.c15
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/versatilepb.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/vexpress.c62
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/virt.c106
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c38
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/z2.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/audio/hda-codec.c18
-rw-r--r--hw/audio/intel-hda.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/audio/marvell_88w8618.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/audio/pcspk.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/audio/pl041.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c116
-rw-r--r--hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h5
-rw-r--r--hw/block/fdc.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c260
-rw-r--r--hw/block/virtio-blk.c49
-rw-r--r--hw/char/Makefile.objs1
-rw-r--r--hw/char/cadence_uart.c153
-rw-r--r--hw/char/digic-uart.c195
-rw-r--r--hw/char/exynos4210_uart.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/char/virtio-serial-bus.c33
-rw-r--r--hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/core/qdev-properties.c40
-rw-r--r--hw/core/qdev.c82
-rw-r--r--hw/core/sysbus.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/cpu/icc_bus.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/display/pl110.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/display/qxl.c10
-rw-r--r--hw/dma/pl080.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/dma/sparc32_dma.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/dma/xilinx_axidma.c13
-rw-r--r--hw/gpio/omap_gpio.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/i2c/omap_i2c.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/i2c/smbus_eeprom.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/i2c/smbus_ich9.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/acpi-build.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/acpi-dsdt-cpu-hotplug.dsl1
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.dsl2
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.hex.generated4
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/kvm/apic.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/kvm/clock.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/kvm/ioapic.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/kvmvapic.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc.c63
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc_piix.c52
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc_q35.c34
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c105
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.dsl6
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.hex.generated4
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/smbios.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/ide/core.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/ide/piix.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/ide/via.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/input/pckbd.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/input/pxa2xx_keypad.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/input/vmmouse.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/Makefile.objs1
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/allwinner-a10-pic.c200
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/apic.c48
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/apic_common.c79
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/arm_gic.c28
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/arm_gic_common.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/arm_gic_kvm.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/etraxfs_pic.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/gic_internal.h7
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/grlib_irqmp.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/i8259_common.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/ioapic.c13
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/ioapic_common.c16
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/omap_intc.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/pl190.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/intc/xics.c24
-rw-r--r--hw/isa/isa-bus.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/isa/lpc_ich9.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/isa/piix4.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/isa/vt82c686.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/Makefile.objs1
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/boot.c12
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.c47
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.h8
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/gt64xxx_pci.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/misc/arm_l2x0.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/misc/exynos4210_pmu.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/misc/vmport.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/net/lance.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/net/virtio-net.c36
-rw-r--r--hw/net/xilinx_axienet.c13
-rw-r--r--hw/nvram/fw_cfg.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/nvram/spapr_nvram.c16
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-bridge/dec.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/apb.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/bonito.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/grackle.c10
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/piix.c56
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/ppce500.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/prep.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/q35.c32
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/uninorth.c28
-rw-r--r--hw/pci-host/versatile.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/pci/pci.c44
-rw-r--r--hw/pci/pci_bridge.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/e500.c213
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/e500plat.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/mpc8544ds.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c24
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/ppc4xx_pci.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr.c49
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr_events.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr_pci.c44
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.c97
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr_vio.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/s390x/ipl.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/s390x/s390-virtio-bus.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c90
-rw-r--r--hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h1
-rw-r--r--hw/scsi/scsi-bus.c16
-rw-r--r--hw/scsi/scsi-disk.c52
-rw-r--r--hw/scsi/scsi-generic.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/scsi/vhost-scsi.c45
-rw-r--r--hw/scsi/virtio-scsi.c63
-rw-r--r--hw/sd/pl181.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/sh4/sh_pci.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/Makefile.objs3
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/allwinner-a10-pit.c254
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/arm_mptimer.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/digic-timer.c163
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/hpet.c30
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/i8254_common.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/m48t59.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/mc146818rtc.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/timer/pl031.c1
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/Makefile.objs2
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/bus.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/desc-msos.c234
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/desc.c37
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/desc.h11
-rw-r--r--hw/usb/dev-hid.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/dataplane/Makefile.objs2
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/dataplane/hostmem.c183
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.c253
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-balloon.c32
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-bus.c80
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-pci.c122
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h1
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio-rng.c43
-rw-r--r--hw/virtio/virtio.c42
-rw-r--r--hw/watchdog/watchdog.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/xen/xen_apic.c6
165 files changed, 3852 insertions, 1705 deletions
diff --git a/hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c b/hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c
index f0ffbe8c0d..15a4983eee 100644
--- a/hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c
+++ b/hw/9pfs/virtio-9p-device.c
@@ -41,15 +41,16 @@ static void virtio_9p_get_config(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t *config)
     g_free(cfg);
 }
 
-static int virtio_9p_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_9p_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    V9fsState *s = VIRTIO_9P(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    V9fsState *s = VIRTIO_9P(dev);
     int i, len;
     struct stat stat;
     FsDriverEntry *fse;
     V9fsPath path;
 
-    virtio_init(VIRTIO_DEVICE(s), "virtio-9p", VIRTIO_ID_9P,
+    virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-9p", VIRTIO_ID_9P,
                 sizeof(struct virtio_9p_config) + MAX_TAG_LEN);
 
     /* initialize pdu allocator */
@@ -67,16 +68,16 @@ static int virtio_9p_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 
     if (!fse) {
         /* We don't have a fsdev identified by fsdev_id */
-        fprintf(stderr, "Virtio-9p device couldn't find fsdev with the "
-                "id = %s\n",
-                s->fsconf.fsdev_id ? s->fsconf.fsdev_id : "NULL");
+        error_setg(errp, "Virtio-9p device couldn't find fsdev with the "
+                   "id = %s",
+                   s->fsconf.fsdev_id ? s->fsconf.fsdev_id : "NULL");
         goto out;
     }
 
     if (!s->fsconf.tag) {
         /* we haven't specified a mount_tag */
-        fprintf(stderr, "fsdev with id %s needs mount_tag arguments\n",
-                s->fsconf.fsdev_id);
+        error_setg(errp, "fsdev with id %s needs mount_tag arguments",
+                   s->fsconf.fsdev_id);
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -85,8 +86,8 @@ static int virtio_9p_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     s->ctx.exops.get_st_gen = NULL;
     len = strlen(s->fsconf.tag);
     if (len > MAX_TAG_LEN - 1) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "mount tag '%s' (%d bytes) is longer than "
-                "maximum (%d bytes)", s->fsconf.tag, len, MAX_TAG_LEN - 1);
+        error_setg(errp, "mount tag '%s' (%d bytes) is longer than "
+                   "maximum (%d bytes)", s->fsconf.tag, len, MAX_TAG_LEN - 1);
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -99,12 +100,12 @@ static int virtio_9p_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     qemu_co_rwlock_init(&s->rename_lock);
 
     if (s->ops->init(&s->ctx) < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Virtio-9p Failed to initialize fs-driver with id:%s"
-                " and export path:%s\n", s->fsconf.fsdev_id, s->ctx.fs_root);
+        error_setg(errp, "Virtio-9p Failed to initialize fs-driver with id:%s"
+                   " and export path:%s", s->fsconf.fsdev_id, s->ctx.fs_root);
         goto out;
     }
     if (v9fs_init_worker_threads() < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "worker thread initialization failed\n");
+        error_setg(errp, "worker thread initialization failed");
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -114,28 +115,25 @@ static int virtio_9p_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
      * use co-routines here.
      */
     if (s->ops->name_to_path(&s->ctx, NULL, "/", &path) < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr,
-                "error in converting name to path %s", strerror(errno));
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "error in converting name to path %s", strerror(errno));
         goto out;
     }
     if (s->ops->lstat(&s->ctx, &path, &stat)) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "share path %s does not exist\n", fse->path);
+        error_setg(errp, "share path %s does not exist", fse->path);
         goto out;
     } else if (!S_ISDIR(stat.st_mode)) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "share path %s is not a directory\n", fse->path);
+        error_setg(errp, "share path %s is not a directory", fse->path);
         goto out;
     }
     v9fs_path_free(&path);
 
-    return 0;
+    return;
 out:
     g_free(s->ctx.fs_root);
     g_free(s->tag);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
     v9fs_path_free(&path);
-
-    return -1;
-
 }
 
 /* virtio-9p device */
@@ -149,9 +147,10 @@ static void virtio_9p_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
     dc->props = virtio_9p_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_9p_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_9p_device_realize;
     vdc->get_features = virtio_9p_get_features;
     vdc->get_config = virtio_9p_get_config;
 }
diff --git a/hw/acpi/core.c b/hw/acpi/core.c
index 58308a3406..79414b44c7 100644
--- a/hw/acpi/core.c
+++ b/hw/acpi/core.c
@@ -662,3 +662,21 @@ uint32_t acpi_gpe_ioport_readb(ACPIREGS *ar, uint32_t addr)
 
     return val;
 }
+
+void acpi_update_sci(ACPIREGS *regs, qemu_irq irq)
+{
+    int sci_level, pm1a_sts;
+
+    pm1a_sts = acpi_pm1_evt_get_sts(regs);
+
+    sci_level = ((pm1a_sts &
+                  regs->pm1.evt.en & ACPI_BITMASK_PM1_COMMON_ENABLED) != 0) ||
+                ((regs->gpe.sts[0] & regs->gpe.en[0]) != 0);
+
+    qemu_set_irq(irq, sci_level);
+
+    /* schedule a timer interruption if needed */
+    acpi_pm_tmr_update(regs,
+                       (regs->pm1.evt.en & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_ENABLE) &&
+                       !(pm1a_sts & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_STATUS));
+}
diff --git a/hw/acpi/ich9.c b/hw/acpi/ich9.c
index 7e0429e0f9..30f0df8713 100644
--- a/hw/acpi/ich9.c
+++ b/hw/acpi/ich9.c
@@ -44,29 +44,10 @@ do { printf("%s "fmt, __func__, ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
 #define ICH9_DEBUG(fmt, ...)    do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
-static void pm_update_sci(ICH9LPCPMRegs *pm)
-{
-    int sci_level, pm1a_sts;
-
-    pm1a_sts = acpi_pm1_evt_get_sts(&pm->acpi_regs);
-
-    sci_level = (((pm1a_sts & pm->acpi_regs.pm1.evt.en) &
-                  (ACPI_BITMASK_RT_CLOCK_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_POWER_BUTTON_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_GLOBAL_LOCK_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_ENABLE)) != 0);
-    qemu_set_irq(pm->irq, sci_level);
-
-    /* schedule a timer interruption if needed */
-    acpi_pm_tmr_update(&pm->acpi_regs,
-                       (pm->acpi_regs.pm1.evt.en & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_ENABLE) &&
-                       !(pm1a_sts & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_STATUS));
-}
-
 static void ich9_pm_update_sci_fn(ACPIREGS *regs)
 {
     ICH9LPCPMRegs *pm = container_of(regs, ICH9LPCPMRegs, acpi_regs);
-    pm_update_sci(pm);
+    acpi_update_sci(&pm->acpi_regs, pm->irq);
 }
 
 static uint64_t ich9_gpe_readb(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, unsigned width)
@@ -80,6 +61,7 @@ static void ich9_gpe_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t val,
 {
     ICH9LPCPMRegs *pm = opaque;
     acpi_gpe_ioport_writeb(&pm->acpi_regs, addr, val);
+    acpi_update_sci(&pm->acpi_regs, pm->irq);
 }
 
 static const MemoryRegionOps ich9_gpe_ops = {
@@ -193,7 +175,7 @@ static void pm_reset(void *opaque)
         pm->smi_en |= ICH9_PMIO_SMI_EN_APMC_EN;
     }
 
-    pm_update_sci(pm);
+    acpi_update_sci(&pm->acpi_regs, pm->irq);
 }
 
 static void pm_powerdown_req(Notifier *n, void *opaque)
diff --git a/hw/acpi/piix4.c b/hw/acpi/piix4.c
index 93849c8d36..20353b983e 100644
--- a/hw/acpi/piix4.c
+++ b/hw/acpi/piix4.c
@@ -112,29 +112,10 @@ static void piix4_acpi_system_hot_add_init(MemoryRegion *parent,
 #define ACPI_ENABLE 0xf1
 #define ACPI_DISABLE 0xf0
 
-static void pm_update_sci(PIIX4PMState *s)
-{
-    int sci_level, pmsts;
-
-    pmsts = acpi_pm1_evt_get_sts(&s->ar);
-    sci_level = (((pmsts & s->ar.pm1.evt.en) &
-                  (ACPI_BITMASK_RT_CLOCK_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_POWER_BUTTON_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_GLOBAL_LOCK_ENABLE |
-                   ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_ENABLE)) != 0) ||
-        (((s->ar.gpe.sts[0] & s->ar.gpe.en[0]) &
-          (PIIX4_PCI_HOTPLUG_STATUS | PIIX4_CPU_HOTPLUG_STATUS)) != 0);
-
-    qemu_set_irq(s->irq, sci_level);
-    /* schedule a timer interruption if needed */
-    acpi_pm_tmr_update(&s->ar, (s->ar.pm1.evt.en & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_ENABLE) &&
-                       !(pmsts & ACPI_BITMASK_TIMER_STATUS));
-}
-
 static void pm_tmr_timer(ACPIREGS *ar)
 {
     PIIX4PMState *s = container_of(ar, PIIX4PMState, ar);
-    pm_update_sci(s);
+    acpi_update_sci(&s->ar, s->irq);
 }
 
 static void apm_ctrl_changed(uint32_t val, void *arg)
@@ -544,9 +525,13 @@ static void piix4_pm_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->revision = 0x03;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER;
     dc->desc = "PM";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_acpi;
     dc->props = piix4_pm_properties;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of PIIX4 southbridge, needs to be wired up,
+     * e.g. by mips_malta_init()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo piix4_pm_info = {
@@ -578,7 +563,7 @@ static void gpe_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t val,
     PIIX4PMState *s = opaque;
 
     acpi_gpe_ioport_writeb(&s->ar, addr, val);
-    pm_update_sci(s);
+    acpi_update_sci(&s->ar, s->irq);
 
     PIIX4_DPRINTF("gpe write %" HWADDR_PRIx " <== %" PRIu64 "\n", addr, val);
 }
@@ -694,7 +679,7 @@ static void piix4_cpu_hotplug_req(PIIX4PMState *s, CPUState *cpu,
     } else {
         g->sts[cpu_id / 8] &= ~(1 << (cpu_id % 8));
     }
-    pm_update_sci(s);
+    acpi_update_sci(&s->ar, s->irq);
 }
 
 static void piix4_cpu_added_req(Notifier *n, void *opaque)
@@ -768,7 +753,7 @@ static int piix4_device_hotplug(DeviceState *qdev, PCIDevice *dev,
         disable_device(s, slot);
     }
 
-    pm_update_sci(s);
+    acpi_update_sci(&s->ar, s->irq);
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
index 59e1bb8388..71a5a37fdc 100644
--- a/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
+++ b/hw/alpha/typhoon.c
@@ -934,11 +934,9 @@ static int typhoon_pcihost_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
 
 static void typhoon_pcihost_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = typhoon_pcihost_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo typhoon_pcihost_info = {
diff --git a/hw/arm/Makefile.objs b/hw/arm/Makefile.objs
index 78b56149b6..6088e53653 100644
--- a/hw/arm/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/arm/Makefile.objs
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 obj-y += boot.o collie.o exynos4_boards.o gumstix.o highbank.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DIGIC) += digic_boards.o
 obj-y += integratorcp.o kzm.o mainstone.o musicpal.o nseries.o
 obj-y += omap_sx1.o palm.o realview.o spitz.o stellaris.o
 obj-y += tosa.o versatilepb.o vexpress.o virt.o xilinx_zynq.o z2.o
 
 obj-y += armv7m.o exynos4210.o pxa2xx.o pxa2xx_gpio.o pxa2xx_pic.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DIGIC) += digic.o
 obj-y += omap1.o omap2.o strongarm.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ALLWINNER_A10) += allwinner-a10.o cubieboard.o
diff --git a/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c b/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4658e19504
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Allwinner A10 SoC emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Li Guang
+ * Written by Li Guang <lig.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/devices.h"
+#include "hw/arm/allwinner-a10.h"
+
+static void aw_a10_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AwA10State *s = AW_A10(obj);
+
+    object_initialize(&s->cpu, sizeof(s->cpu), "cortex-a8-" TYPE_ARM_CPU);
+    object_property_add_child(obj, "cpu", OBJECT(&s->cpu), NULL);
+
+    object_initialize(&s->intc, sizeof(s->intc), TYPE_AW_A10_PIC);
+    qdev_set_parent_bus(DEVICE(&s->intc), sysbus_get_default());
+
+    object_initialize(&s->timer, sizeof(s->timer), TYPE_AW_A10_PIT);
+    qdev_set_parent_bus(DEVICE(&s->timer), sysbus_get_default());
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    AwA10State *s = AW_A10(dev);
+    SysBusDevice *sysbusdev;
+    uint8_t i;
+    qemu_irq fiq, irq;
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->cpu), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+    irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->cpu), ARM_CPU_IRQ);
+    fiq = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->cpu), ARM_CPU_FIQ);
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->intc), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+    sysbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->intc);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(sysbusdev, 0, AW_A10_PIC_REG_BASE);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 0, irq);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 1, fiq);
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIC_INT_NR; i++) {
+        s->irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->intc), i);
+    }
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->timer), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+    sysbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->timer);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(sysbusdev, 0, AW_A10_PIT_REG_BASE);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 0, s->irq[22]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 1, s->irq[23]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 2, s->irq[24]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 3, s->irq[25]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 4, s->irq[67]);
+    sysbus_connect_irq(sysbusdev, 5, s->irq[68]);
+
+    serial_mm_init(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_UART0_REG_BASE, 2, s->irq[1],
+                   115200, serial_hds[0], DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(oc);
+
+    dc->realize = aw_a10_realize;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo aw_a10_type_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_AW_A10,
+    .parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(AwA10State),
+    .instance_init = aw_a10_init,
+    .class_init = aw_a10_class_init,
+};
+
+static void aw_a10_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&aw_a10_type_info);
+}
+
+type_init(aw_a10_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/arm/boot.c b/hw/arm/boot.c
index 55d552f3a8..1c1b0e5258 100644
--- a/hw/arm/boot.c
+++ b/hw/arm/boot.c
@@ -17,18 +17,55 @@
 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
 
+/* Kernel boot protocol is specified in the kernel docs
+ * Documentation/arm/Booting and Documentation/arm64/booting.txt
+ * They have different preferred image load offsets from system RAM base.
+ */
 #define KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR 0x100
 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00010000
+#define KERNEL64_LOAD_ADDR 0x00080000
+
+typedef enum {
+    FIXUP_NONE = 0,   /* do nothing */
+    FIXUP_TERMINATOR, /* end of insns */
+    FIXUP_BOARDID,    /* overwrite with board ID number */
+    FIXUP_ARGPTR,     /* overwrite with pointer to kernel args */
+    FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT, /* overwrite with kernel entry point */
+    FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF, /* overwrite with GIC CPU interface address */
+    FIXUP_BOOTREG,    /* overwrite with boot register address */
+    FIXUP_DSB,        /* overwrite with correct DSB insn for cpu */
+    FIXUP_MAX,
+} FixupType;
+
+typedef struct ARMInsnFixup {
+    uint32_t insn;
+    FixupType fixup;
+} ARMInsnFixup;
+
+static const ARMInsnFixup bootloader_aarch64[] = {
+    { 0x580000c0 }, /* ldr x0, arg ; Load the lower 32-bits of DTB */
+    { 0xaa1f03e1 }, /* mov x1, xzr */
+    { 0xaa1f03e2 }, /* mov x2, xzr */
+    { 0xaa1f03e3 }, /* mov x3, xzr */
+    { 0x58000084 }, /* ldr x4, entry ; Load the lower 32-bits of kernel entry */
+    { 0xd61f0080 }, /* br x4      ; Jump to the kernel entry point */
+    { 0, FIXUP_ARGPTR }, /* arg: .word @DTB Lower 32-bits */
+    { 0 }, /* .word @DTB Higher 32-bits */
+    { 0, FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT }, /* entry: .word @Kernel Entry Lower 32-bits */
+    { 0 }, /* .word @Kernel Entry Higher 32-bits */
+    { 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
+};
 
 /* The worlds second smallest bootloader.  Set r0-r2, then jump to kernel.  */
-static uint32_t bootloader[] = {
-  0xe3a00000, /* mov     r0, #0 */
-  0xe59f1004, /* ldr     r1, [pc, #4] */
-  0xe59f2004, /* ldr     r2, [pc, #4] */
-  0xe59ff004, /* ldr     pc, [pc, #4] */
-  0, /* Board ID */
-  0, /* Address of kernel args.  Set by integratorcp_init.  */
-  0  /* Kernel entry point.  Set by integratorcp_init.  */
+static const ARMInsnFixup bootloader[] = {
+    { 0xe3a00000 }, /* mov     r0, #0 */
+    { 0xe59f1004 }, /* ldr     r1, [pc, #4] */
+    { 0xe59f2004 }, /* ldr     r2, [pc, #4] */
+    { 0xe59ff004 }, /* ldr     pc, [pc, #4] */
+    { 0, FIXUP_BOARDID },
+    { 0, FIXUP_ARGPTR },
+    { 0, FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT },
+    { 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
 };
 
 /* Handling for secondary CPU boot in a multicore system.
@@ -48,39 +85,83 @@ static uint32_t bootloader[] = {
 #define DSB_INSN 0xf57ff04f
 #define CP15_DSB_INSN 0xee070f9a /* mcr cp15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 4 */
 
-static uint32_t smpboot[] = {
-  0xe59f2028, /* ldr r2, gic_cpu_if */
-  0xe59f0028, /* ldr r0, startaddr */
-  0xe3a01001, /* mov r1, #1 */
-  0xe5821000, /* str r1, [r2] - set GICC_CTLR.Enable */
-  0xe3a010ff, /* mov r1, #0xff */
-  0xe5821004, /* str r1, [r2, 4] - set GIC_PMR.Priority to 0xff */
-  DSB_INSN,   /* dsb */
-  0xe320f003, /* wfi */
-  0xe5901000, /* ldr     r1, [r0] */
-  0xe1110001, /* tst     r1, r1 */
-  0x0afffffb, /* beq     <wfi> */
-  0xe12fff11, /* bx      r1 */
-  0,          /* gic_cpu_if: base address of GIC CPU interface */
-  0           /* bootreg: Boot register address is held here */
+static const ARMInsnFixup smpboot[] = {
+    { 0xe59f2028 }, /* ldr r2, gic_cpu_if */
+    { 0xe59f0028 }, /* ldr r0, bootreg_addr */
+    { 0xe3a01001 }, /* mov r1, #1 */
+    { 0xe5821000 }, /* str r1, [r2] - set GICC_CTLR.Enable */
+    { 0xe3a010ff }, /* mov r1, #0xff */
+    { 0xe5821004 }, /* str r1, [r2, 4] - set GIC_PMR.Priority to 0xff */
+    { 0, FIXUP_DSB },   /* dsb */
+    { 0xe320f003 }, /* wfi */
+    { 0xe5901000 }, /* ldr     r1, [r0] */
+    { 0xe1110001 }, /* tst     r1, r1 */
+    { 0x0afffffb }, /* beq     <wfi> */
+    { 0xe12fff11 }, /* bx      r1 */
+    { 0, FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF }, /* gic_cpu_if: .word 0x.... */
+    { 0, FIXUP_BOOTREG }, /* bootreg_addr: .word 0x.... */
+    { 0, FIXUP_TERMINATOR }
 };
 
+static void write_bootloader(const char *name, hwaddr addr,
+                             const ARMInsnFixup *insns, uint32_t *fixupcontext)
+{
+    /* Fix up the specified bootloader fragment and write it into
+     * guest memory using rom_add_blob_fixed(). fixupcontext is
+     * an array giving the values to write in for the fixup types
+     * which write a value into the code array.
+     */
+    int i, len;
+    uint32_t *code;
+
+    len = 0;
+    while (insns[len].fixup != FIXUP_TERMINATOR) {
+        len++;
+    }
+
+    code = g_new0(uint32_t, len);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        uint32_t insn = insns[i].insn;
+        FixupType fixup = insns[i].fixup;
+
+        switch (fixup) {
+        case FIXUP_NONE:
+            break;
+        case FIXUP_BOARDID:
+        case FIXUP_ARGPTR:
+        case FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT:
+        case FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF:
+        case FIXUP_BOOTREG:
+        case FIXUP_DSB:
+            insn = fixupcontext[fixup];
+            break;
+        default:
+            abort();
+        }
+        code[i] = tswap32(insn);
+    }
+
+    rom_add_blob_fixed(name, code, len * sizeof(uint32_t), addr);
+
+    g_free(code);
+}
+
 static void default_write_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
                                     const struct arm_boot_info *info)
 {
-    int n;
-    smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 1] = info->smp_bootreg_addr;
-    smpboot[ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot) - 2] = info->gic_cpu_if_addr;
-    for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot); n++) {
-        /* Replace DSB with the pre-v7 DSB if necessary. */
-        if (!arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V7) &&
-            smpboot[n] == DSB_INSN) {
-            smpboot[n] = CP15_DSB_INSN;
-        }
-        smpboot[n] = tswap32(smpboot[n]);
+    uint32_t fixupcontext[FIXUP_MAX];
+
+    fixupcontext[FIXUP_GIC_CPU_IF] = info->gic_cpu_if_addr;
+    fixupcontext[FIXUP_BOOTREG] = info->smp_bootreg_addr;
+    if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_V7)) {
+        fixupcontext[FIXUP_DSB] = DSB_INSN;
+    } else {
+        fixupcontext[FIXUP_DSB] = CP15_DSB_INSN;
     }
-    rom_add_blob_fixed("smpboot", smpboot, sizeof(smpboot),
-                       info->smp_loader_start);
+
+    write_bootloader("smpboot", info->smp_loader_start,
+                     smpboot, fixupcontext);
 }
 
 static void default_reset_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu,
@@ -254,8 +335,8 @@ static int load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
         }
     }
 
-    acells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells");
-    scells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells");
+    acells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells");
+    scells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells");
     if (acells == 0 || scells == 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "dtb file invalid (#address-cells or #size-cells 0)\n");
         goto fail;
@@ -270,17 +351,17 @@ static int load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
         goto fail;
     }
 
-    rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, "/memory", "reg",
-                                          acells, binfo->loader_start,
-                                          scells, binfo->ram_size);
+    rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, "/memory", "reg",
+                                      acells, binfo->loader_start,
+                                      scells, binfo->ram_size);
     if (rc < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /memory/reg\n");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     if (binfo->kernel_cmdline && *binfo->kernel_cmdline) {
-        rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
-                                          binfo->kernel_cmdline);
+        rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
+                                     binfo->kernel_cmdline);
         if (rc < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
             goto fail;
@@ -288,15 +369,15 @@ static int load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
     }
 
     if (binfo->initrd_size) {
-        rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
-                binfo->initrd_start);
+        rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
+                                   binfo->initrd_start);
         if (rc < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
             goto fail;
         }
 
-        rc = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
-                    binfo->initrd_start + binfo->initrd_size);
+        rc = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
+                                   binfo->initrd_start + binfo->initrd_size);
         if (rc < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
             goto fail;
@@ -307,7 +388,7 @@ static int load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo)
         binfo->modify_dtb(binfo, fdt);
     }
 
-    qemu_devtree_dumpdtb(fdt, size);
+    qemu_fdt_dumpdtb(fdt, size);
 
     cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, size);
 
@@ -334,7 +415,12 @@ static void do_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
             env->thumb = info->entry & 1;
         } else {
             if (CPU(cpu) == first_cpu) {
-                env->regs[15] = info->loader_start;
+                if (env->aarch64) {
+                    env->pc = info->loader_start;
+                } else {
+                    env->regs[15] = info->loader_start;
+                }
+
                 if (!info->dtb_filename) {
                     if (old_param) {
                         set_kernel_args_old(info);
@@ -354,11 +440,11 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
     CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
     int kernel_size;
     int initrd_size;
-    int n;
     int is_linux = 0;
     uint64_t elf_entry;
-    hwaddr entry;
+    hwaddr entry, kernel_load_offset;
     int big_endian;
+    static const ARMInsnFixup *primary_loader;
 
     /* Load the kernel.  */
     if (!info->kernel_filename) {
@@ -368,6 +454,14 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
         return;
     }
 
+    if (arm_feature(&cpu->env, ARM_FEATURE_AARCH64)) {
+        primary_loader = bootloader_aarch64;
+        kernel_load_offset = KERNEL64_LOAD_ADDR;
+    } else {
+        primary_loader = bootloader;
+        kernel_load_offset = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
+    }
+
     info->dtb_filename = qemu_opt_get(qemu_get_machine_opts(), "dtb");
 
     if (!info->secondary_cpu_reset_hook) {
@@ -408,9 +502,9 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
                                   &is_linux);
     }
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
-        entry = info->loader_start + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;
+        entry = info->loader_start + kernel_load_offset;
         kernel_size = load_image_targphys(info->kernel_filename, entry,
-                                          info->ram_size - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR);
+                                          info->ram_size - kernel_load_offset);
         is_linux = 1;
     }
     if (kernel_size < 0) {
@@ -420,6 +514,8 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
     }
     info->entry = entry;
     if (is_linux) {
+        uint32_t fixupcontext[FIXUP_MAX];
+
         if (info->initrd_filename) {
             initrd_size = load_ramdisk(info->initrd_filename,
                                        info->initrd_start,
@@ -441,7 +537,7 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
         }
         info->initrd_size = initrd_size;
 
-        bootloader[4] = info->board_id;
+        fixupcontext[FIXUP_BOARDID] = info->board_id;
 
         /* for device tree boot, we pass the DTB directly in r2. Otherwise
          * we point to the kernel args.
@@ -456,9 +552,9 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
             if (load_dtb(dtb_start, info)) {
                 exit(1);
             }
-            bootloader[5] = dtb_start;
+            fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR] = dtb_start;
         } else {
-            bootloader[5] = info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
+            fixupcontext[FIXUP_ARGPTR] = info->loader_start + KERNEL_ARGS_ADDR;
             if (info->ram_size >= (1ULL << 32)) {
                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: RAM size must be less than 4GB to boot"
                         " Linux kernel using ATAGS (try passing a device tree"
@@ -466,12 +562,11 @@ void arm_load_kernel(ARMCPU *cpu, struct arm_boot_info *info)
                 exit(1);
             }
         }
-        bootloader[6] = entry;
-        for (n = 0; n < sizeof(bootloader) / 4; n++) {
-            bootloader[n] = tswap32(bootloader[n]);
-        }
-        rom_add_blob_fixed("bootloader", bootloader, sizeof(bootloader),
-                           info->loader_start);
+        fixupcontext[FIXUP_ENTRYPOINT] = entry;
+
+        write_bootloader("bootloader", info->loader_start,
+                         primary_loader, fixupcontext);
+
         if (info->nb_cpus > 1) {
             info->write_secondary_boot(cpu, info);
         }
diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fcb6d22f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * cubieboard emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Li Guang
+ * Written by Li Guang <lig.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/devices.h"
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "hw/arm/allwinner-a10.h"
+
+static struct arm_boot_info cubieboard_binfo = {
+    .loader_start = AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
+    .board_id = 0x1008,
+};
+
+typedef struct CubieBoardState {
+    AwA10State *a10;
+    MemoryRegion sdram;
+} CubieBoardState;
+
+static void cubieboard_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    CubieBoardState *s = g_new(CubieBoardState, 1);
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    s->a10 = AW_A10(object_new(TYPE_AW_A10));
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(s->a10), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_report("Couldn't realize Allwinner A10: %s\n",
+                error_get_pretty(err));
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    memory_region_init_ram(&s->sdram, NULL, "cubieboard.ram", args->ram_size);
+    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->sdram);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
+                                &s->sdram);
+
+    cubieboard_binfo.ram_size = args->ram_size;
+    cubieboard_binfo.kernel_filename = args->kernel_filename;
+    cubieboard_binfo.kernel_cmdline = args->kernel_cmdline;
+    arm_load_kernel(&s->a10->cpu, &cubieboard_binfo);
+}
+
+static QEMUMachine cubieboard_machine = {
+    .name = "cubieboard",
+    .desc = "cubietech cubieboard",
+    .init = cubieboard_init,
+};
+
+
+static void cubieboard_machine_init(void)
+{
+    qemu_register_machine(&cubieboard_machine);
+}
+
+machine_init(cubieboard_machine_init)
diff --git a/hw/arm/digic.c b/hw/arm/digic.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec8c330602
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/arm/digic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU model of the Canon DIGIC SoC.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Antony Pavlov <antonynpavlov@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This model is based on reverse engineering efforts
+ * made by CHDK (http://chdk.wikia.com) and
+ * Magic Lantern (http://www.magiclantern.fm) projects
+ * contributors.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "hw/arm/digic.h"
+
+#define DIGIC4_TIMER_BASE(n)    (0xc0210000 + (n) * 0x100)
+
+#define DIGIC_UART_BASE          0xc0800000
+
+static void digic_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    DigicState *s = DIGIC(obj);
+    DeviceState *dev;
+    int i;
+
+    object_initialize(&s->cpu, sizeof(s->cpu), "arm946-" TYPE_ARM_CPU);
+    object_property_add_child(obj, "cpu", OBJECT(&s->cpu), NULL);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < DIGIC4_NB_TIMERS; i++) {
+#define DIGIC_TIMER_NAME_MLEN    11
+        char name[DIGIC_TIMER_NAME_MLEN];
+
+        object_initialize(&s->timer[i], sizeof(s->timer[i]), TYPE_DIGIC_TIMER);
+        dev = DEVICE(&s->timer[i]);
+        qdev_set_parent_bus(dev, sysbus_get_default());
+        snprintf(name, DIGIC_TIMER_NAME_MLEN, "timer[%d]", i);
+        object_property_add_child(obj, name, OBJECT(&s->timer[i]), NULL);
+    }
+
+    object_initialize(&s->uart, sizeof(s->uart), TYPE_DIGIC_UART);
+    dev = DEVICE(&s->uart);
+    qdev_set_parent_bus(dev, sysbus_get_default());
+    object_property_add_child(obj, "uart", OBJECT(&s->uart), NULL);
+}
+
+static void digic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    DigicState *s = DIGIC(dev);
+    Error *err = NULL;
+    SysBusDevice *sbd;
+    int i;
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->cpu), true, "reset-hivecs", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->cpu), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < DIGIC4_NB_TIMERS; i++) {
+        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->timer[i]), true, "realized", &err);
+        if (err != NULL) {
+            error_propagate(errp, err);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->timer[i]);
+        sysbus_mmio_map(sbd, 0, DIGIC4_TIMER_BASE(i));
+    }
+
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->uart), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->uart);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(sbd, 0, DIGIC_UART_BASE);
+}
+
+static void digic_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(oc);
+
+    dc->realize = digic_realize;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo digic_type_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_DIGIC,
+    .parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(DigicState),
+    .instance_init = digic_init,
+    .class_init = digic_class_init,
+};
+
+static void digic_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&digic_type_info);
+}
+
+type_init(digic_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/arm/digic_boards.c b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32fc30a69d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/arm/digic_boards.c
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU model of the Canon DIGIC boards (cameras indeed :).
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Antony Pavlov <antonynpavlov@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This model is based on reverse engineering efforts
+ * made by CHDK (http://chdk.wikia.com) and
+ * Magic Lantern (http://www.magiclantern.fm) projects
+ * contributors.
+ *
+ * See docs here:
+ *   http://magiclantern.wikia.com/wiki/Register_Map
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "hw/boards.h"
+#include "exec/address-spaces.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "hw/arm/digic.h"
+#include "hw/block/flash.h"
+#include "hw/loader.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "sysemu/qtest.h"
+
+#define DIGIC4_ROM0_BASE      0xf0000000
+#define DIGIC4_ROM1_BASE      0xf8000000
+#define DIGIC4_ROM_MAX_SIZE   0x08000000
+
+typedef struct DigicBoardState {
+    DigicState *digic;
+    MemoryRegion ram;
+} DigicBoardState;
+
+typedef struct DigicBoard {
+    hwaddr ram_size;
+    void (*add_rom0)(DigicBoardState *, hwaddr, const char *);
+    const char *rom0_def_filename;
+    void (*add_rom1)(DigicBoardState *, hwaddr, const char *);
+    const char *rom1_def_filename;
+} DigicBoard;
+
+static void digic4_board_setup_ram(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr ram_size)
+{
+    memory_region_init_ram(&s->ram, NULL, "ram", ram_size);
+    memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), 0, &s->ram);
+    vmstate_register_ram_global(&s->ram);
+}
+
+static void digic4_board_init(DigicBoard *board)
+{
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    DigicBoardState *s = g_new(DigicBoardState, 1);
+
+    s->digic = DIGIC(object_new(TYPE_DIGIC));
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(s->digic), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_report("Couldn't realize DIGIC SoC: %s\n",
+                     error_get_pretty(err));
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    digic4_board_setup_ram(s, board->ram_size);
+
+    if (board->add_rom0) {
+        board->add_rom0(s, DIGIC4_ROM0_BASE, board->rom0_def_filename);
+    }
+
+    if (board->add_rom1) {
+        board->add_rom1(s, DIGIC4_ROM1_BASE, board->rom1_def_filename);
+    }
+}
+
+static void digic_load_rom(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr addr,
+                           hwaddr max_size, const char *def_filename)
+{
+    target_long rom_size;
+    const char *filename;
+
+    if (qtest_enabled()) {
+        /* qtest runs no code so don't attempt a ROM load which
+         * could fail and result in a spurious test failure.
+         */
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (bios_name) {
+        filename = bios_name;
+    } else {
+        filename = def_filename;
+    }
+
+    if (filename) {
+        char *fn = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, filename);
+
+        if (!fn) {
+            error_report("Couldn't find rom image '%s'.\n", filename);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        rom_size = load_image_targphys(fn, addr, max_size);
+        if (rom_size < 0 || rom_size > max_size) {
+            error_report("Couldn't load rom image '%s'.\n", filename);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Samsung K8P3215UQB
+ * 64M Bit (4Mx16) Page Mode / Multi-Bank NOR Flash Memory
+ */
+static void digic4_add_k8p3215uqb_rom(DigicBoardState *s, hwaddr addr,
+                                      const char *def_filename)
+{
+#define FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)
+#define FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SECTOR_SIZE (64 * 1024)
+
+    pflash_cfi02_register(addr, NULL, "pflash", FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SIZE,
+                          NULL, FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SECTOR_SIZE,
+                          FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SIZE / FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SECTOR_SIZE,
+                          DIGIC4_ROM_MAX_SIZE / FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SIZE,
+                          4,
+                          0x00EC, 0x007E, 0x0003, 0x0001,
+                          0x0555, 0x2aa, 0);
+
+    digic_load_rom(s, addr, FLASH_K8P3215UQB_SIZE, def_filename);
+}
+
+static DigicBoard digic4_board_canon_a1100 = {
+    .ram_size = 64 * 1024 * 1024,
+    .add_rom1 = digic4_add_k8p3215uqb_rom,
+    .rom1_def_filename = "canon-a1100-rom1.bin",
+};
+
+static void canon_a1100_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    digic4_board_init(&digic4_board_canon_a1100);
+}
+
+static QEMUMachine canon_a1100 = {
+    .name = "canon-a1100",
+    .desc = "Canon PowerShot A1100 IS",
+    .init = &canon_a1100_init,
+};
+
+static void digic_register_machines(void)
+{
+    qemu_register_machine(&canon_a1100);
+}
+
+machine_init(digic_register_machines)
diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
index fe98ef10cb..d76a1d1f78 100644
--- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
+++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
@@ -26,12 +26,13 @@
 #include "hw/boards.h"
 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
 
-#define SMP_BOOT_ADDR 0x100
-#define SMP_BOOT_REG  0x40
-#define GIC_BASE_ADDR 0xfff10000
+#define SMP_BOOT_ADDR           0x100
+#define SMP_BOOT_REG            0x40
+#define MPCORE_PERIPHBASE       0xfff10000
 
-#define NIRQ_GIC      160
+#define NIRQ_GIC                160
 
 /* Board init.  */
 
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ static void hb_write_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu, const struct arm_boot_info *info)
         0xe1110001, /* tst     r1, r1 */
         0x0afffffb, /* beq     <wfi> */
         0xe12fff11, /* bx      r1 */
-        GIC_BASE_ADDR      /* privbase: gic address.  */
+        MPCORE_PERIPHBASE   /* privbase: MPCore peripheral base address.  */
     };
     for (n = 0; n < ARRAY_SIZE(smpboot); n++) {
         smpboot[n] = tswap32(smpboot[n]);
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ typedef struct {
     SysBusDevice parent_obj;
     /*< public >*/
 
-    MemoryRegion *iomem;
+    MemoryRegion iomem;
     uint32_t regs[NUM_REGS];
 } HighbankRegsState;
 
@@ -154,10 +155,9 @@ static int highbank_regs_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
 {
     HighbankRegsState *s = HIGHBANK_REGISTERS(dev);
 
-    s->iomem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    memory_region_init_io(s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &hb_mem_ops, s->regs,
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &hb_mem_ops, s->regs,
                           "highbank_regs", 0x1000);
-    sysbus_init_mmio(dev, s->iomem);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->iomem);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -229,15 +229,23 @@ static void calxeda_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args, enum cxmachines machine)
     }
 
     for (n = 0; n < smp_cpus; n++) {
+        ObjectClass *oc = cpu_class_by_name(TYPE_ARM_CPU, cpu_model);
         ARMCPU *cpu;
-        cpu = cpu_arm_init(cpu_model);
-        if (cpu == NULL) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
+        Error *err = NULL;
+
+        cpu = ARM_CPU(object_new(object_class_get_name(oc)));
+
+        object_property_set_int(OBJECT(cpu), MPCORE_PERIPHBASE, "reset-cbar",
+                                &err);
+        if (err) {
+            error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(err));
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &err);
+        if (err) {
+            error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(err));
             exit(1);
         }
-
-        /* This will become a QOM property eventually */
-        cpu->reset_cbar = GIC_BASE_ADDR;
         cpu_irq[n] = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(cpu), ARM_CPU_IRQ);
     }
 
@@ -279,7 +287,7 @@ static void calxeda_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args, enum cxmachines machine)
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-irq", NIRQ_GIC);
     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
-    sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, GIC_BASE_ADDR);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, MPCORE_PERIPHBASE);
     for (n = 0; n < smp_cpus; n++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n, cpu_irq[n]);
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
index 9402c841e9..d8e075e26d 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 #define S1_STSCHG_IRQ 14
 #define S1_IRQ        15
 
-static struct keymap map[0xE0] = {
+static const struct keymap map[0xE0] = {
     [0 ... 0xDF] = { -1, -1 },
     [0x1e] = {0,0}, /* a */
     [0x30] = {0,1}, /* b */
@@ -75,9 +75,18 @@ static struct keymap map[0xE0] = {
     [0x2c] = {4,3}, /* z */
     [0xc7] = {5,0}, /* Home */
     [0x2a] = {5,1}, /* shift */
-    [0x39] = {5,2}, /* space */
+    /*
+     * There are two matrix positions which map to space,
+     * but QEMU can only use one of them for the reverse
+     * mapping, so simply use the second one.
+     */
+    /* [0x39] = {5,2}, space */
     [0x39] = {5,3}, /* space */
-    [0x1c] = {5,5}, /*  enter */
+    /*
+     * Matrix position {5,4} and other keys are missing here.
+     * TODO: Compare with Linux code and test real hardware.
+     */
+    [0x1c] = {5,5}, /* enter (TODO: might be wrong) */
     [0xc8] = {6,0}, /* up */
     [0xd0] = {6,1}, /* down */
     [0xcb] = {6,2}, /* left */
diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
index f7e8b7e8fa..aef2bde0c4 100644
--- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
+++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
@@ -390,7 +390,6 @@ static void vpb_sic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = vpb_sic_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_vpb_sic;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
index f48de00a1a..ef1707aef0 100644
--- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
+++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
@@ -419,13 +419,13 @@ static int add_virtio_mmio_node(void *fdt, uint32_t acells, uint32_t scells,
     int rc;
     char *nodename = g_strdup_printf("/virtio_mmio@%" PRIx64, addr);
 
-    rc = qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
-    rc |= qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, nodename,
-                                      "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
-    rc |= qemu_devtree_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
-                                           acells, addr, scells, size);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-parent", intc);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupts", 0, irq, 1);
+    rc = qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
+    rc |= qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename,
+                                  "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
+    rc |= qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
+                                       acells, addr, scells, size);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-parent", intc);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupts", 0, irq, 1);
     g_free(nodename);
     if (rc) {
         return -1;
@@ -456,8 +456,8 @@ static void vexpress_modify_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *info, void *fdt)
     uint32_t acells, scells, intc;
     const VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard = (const VEDBoardInfo *)info;
 
-    acells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells");
-    scells = qemu_devtree_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells");
+    acells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells");
+    scells = qemu_fdt_getprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells");
     intc = find_int_controller(fdt);
     if (!intc) {
         /* Not fatal, we just won't provide virtio. This will
@@ -480,6 +480,36 @@ static void vexpress_modify_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *info, void *fdt)
     }
 }
 
+
+/* Open code a private version of pflash registration since we
+ * need to set non-default device width for VExpress platform.
+ */
+static pflash_t *ve_pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base, const char *name,
+                                          DriveInfo *di)
+{
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, "cfi.pflash01");
+
+    if (di && qdev_prop_set_drive(dev, "drive", di->bdrv)) {
+        abort();
+    }
+
+    qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks",
+                         VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE / VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", 4);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "device-width", 2);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "big-endian", 0);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", 0x89);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", 0x18);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", 0x00);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", 0x00);
+    qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
+    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+
+    sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
+    return OBJECT_CHECK(pflash_t, (dev), "cfi.pflash01");
+}
+
 static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
                                  QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
@@ -561,11 +591,8 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
     sysbus_create_simple("pl111", map[VE_CLCD], pic[14]);
 
     dinfo = drive_get_next(IF_PFLASH);
-    pflash0 = pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH0], NULL, "vexpress.flash0",
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE, dinfo ? dinfo->bdrv : NULL,
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE,
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE / VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE, 4,
-            0x00, 0x89, 0x00, 0x18, 0);
+    pflash0 = ve_pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH0], "vexpress.flash0",
+                                       dinfo);
     if (!pflash0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "vexpress: error registering flash 0.\n");
         exit(1);
@@ -580,11 +607,8 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(VEDBoardInfo *daughterboard,
     }
 
     dinfo = drive_get_next(IF_PFLASH);
-    if (!pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH1], NULL, "vexpress.flash1",
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE, dinfo ? dinfo->bdrv : NULL,
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE,
-            VEXPRESS_FLASH_SIZE / VEXPRESS_FLASH_SECT_SIZE, 4,
-            0x00, 0x89, 0x00, 0x18, 0)) {
+    if (!ve_pflash_cfi01_register(map[VE_NORFLASH1], "vexpress.flash1",
+                                  dinfo)) {
         fprintf(stderr, "vexpress: error registering flash 1.\n");
         exit(1);
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index 9531b5a574..517f2fe30f 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -156,42 +156,42 @@ static void create_fdt(VirtBoardInfo *vbi)
     vbi->fdt = fdt;
 
     /* Header */
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "compatible", "linux,dummy-virt");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 0x2);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 0x2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "compatible", "linux,dummy-virt");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 0x2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 0x2);
 
     /*
      * /chosen and /memory nodes must exist for load_dtb
      * to fill in necessary properties later
      */
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/memory");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/memory", "device_type", "memory");
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/memory");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/memory", "device_type", "memory");
 
     /* Clock node, for the benefit of the UART. The kernel device tree
      * binding documentation claims the PL011 node clock properties are
      * optional but in practice if you omit them the kernel refuses to
      * probe for the device.
      */
-    vbi->clock_phandle = qemu_devtree_alloc_phandle(fdt);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/apb-pclk");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "compatible", "fixed-clock");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "#clock-cells", 0x0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-frequency", 24000000);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-output-names",
+    vbi->clock_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(fdt);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/apb-pclk");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "compatible", "fixed-clock");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "#clock-cells", 0x0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-frequency", 24000000);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "clock-output-names",
                                 "clk24mhz");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "phandle", vbi->clock_phandle);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/apb-pclk", "phandle", vbi->clock_phandle);
 
     /* No PSCI for TCG yet */
     if (kvm_enabled()) {
-        qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/psci");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "compatible", "arm,psci");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "method", "hvc");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_suspend",
+        qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/psci");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "compatible", "arm,psci");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/psci", "method", "hvc");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_suspend",
                                   PSCI_FN_CPU_SUSPEND);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_off", PSCI_FN_CPU_OFF);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_on", PSCI_FN_CPU_ON);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "migrate", PSCI_FN_MIGRATE);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_off", PSCI_FN_CPU_OFF);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_on", PSCI_FN_CPU_ON);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "migrate", PSCI_FN_MIGRATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ static void fdt_add_timer_nodes(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi)
     irqflags = deposit32(irqflags, GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_START,
                          GIC_FDT_IRQ_PPI_CPU_WIDTH, (1 << vbi->smp_cpus) - 1);
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/timer");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, "/timer",
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/timer");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, "/timer",
                                 "compatible", "arm,armv7-timer");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, "/timer", "interrupts",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, "/timer", "interrupts",
                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, 13, irqflags,
                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, 14, irqflags,
                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, 11, irqflags,
@@ -220,25 +220,25 @@ static void fdt_add_cpu_nodes(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi)
 {
     int cpu;
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/cpus");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 0x1);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0x0);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/cpus");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 0x1);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0x0);
 
     for (cpu = vbi->smp_cpus - 1; cpu >= 0; cpu--) {
         char *nodename = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d", cpu);
         ARMCPU *armcpu = ARM_CPU(qemu_get_cpu(cpu));
 
-        qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename, "device_type", "cpu");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
+        qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename, "device_type", "cpu");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
                                     armcpu->dtb_compatible);
 
         if (vbi->smp_cpus > 1) {
-            qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename,
+            qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename,
                                         "enable-method", "psci");
         }
 
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg", cpu);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg", cpu);
         g_free(nodename);
     }
 }
@@ -247,20 +247,20 @@ static void fdt_add_gic_node(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi)
 {
     uint32_t gic_phandle;
 
-    gic_phandle = qemu_devtree_alloc_phandle(vbi->fdt);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/", "interrupt-parent", gic_phandle);
+    gic_phandle = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(vbi->fdt);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/", "interrupt-parent", gic_phandle);
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/intc");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "compatible",
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, "/intc");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "compatible",
                                 vbi->gic_compatible);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "#interrupt-cells", 3);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "reg",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "#interrupt-cells", 3);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "reg",
                                      2, vbi->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base,
                                      2, vbi->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].size,
                                      2, vbi->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].base,
                                      2, vbi->memmap[VIRT_GIC_CPU].size);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "phandle", gic_phandle);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(vbi->fdt, "/intc", "phandle", gic_phandle);
 }
 
 static void create_uart(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi, qemu_irq *pic)
@@ -275,18 +275,18 @@ static void create_uart(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi, qemu_irq *pic)
     sysbus_create_simple("pl011", base, pic[irq]);
 
     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pl011@%" PRIx64, base);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
     /* Note that we can't use setprop_string because of the embedded NUL */
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(vbi->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(vbi->fdt, nodename, "compatible",
                          compat, sizeof(compat));
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg",
                                      2, base, 2, size);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
                                GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "clocks",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "clocks",
                                vbi->clock_phandle, vbi->clock_phandle);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(vbi->fdt, nodename, "clock-names",
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(vbi->fdt, nodename, "clock-names",
                          clocknames, sizeof(clocknames));
     g_free(nodename);
 }
@@ -314,14 +314,14 @@ static void create_virtio_devices(const VirtBoardInfo *vbi, qemu_irq *pic)
         hwaddr base = vbi->memmap[VIRT_MMIO].base + i * size;
 
         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/virtio_mmio@%" PRIx64, base);
-        qemu_devtree_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename,
-                                    "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg",
-                                         2, base, 2, size);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
-                                   GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
-                                   GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI);
+        qemu_fdt_add_subnode(vbi->fdt, nodename);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(vbi->fdt, nodename,
+                                "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "reg",
+                                     2, base, 2, size);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(vbi->fdt, nodename, "interrupts",
+                               GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_SPI, irq,
+                               GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_EDGE_LO_HI);
         g_free(nodename);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
index 46924a0391..98e0958a77 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
 #include "hw/loader.h"
 #include "hw/ssi.h"
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
 
 #define NUM_SPI_FLASHES 4
 #define NUM_QSPI_FLASHES 2
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@
 
 #define IRQ_OFFSET 32 /* pic interrupts start from index 32 */
 
+#define MPCORE_PERIPHBASE 0xF8F00000
+
 static const int dma_irqs[8] = {
     46, 47, 48, 49, 72, 73, 74, 75
 };
@@ -46,9 +49,11 @@ static void gem_init(NICInfo *nd, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "cadence_gem");
     dev = qdev_create(NULL, "cadence_gem");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    if (nd->used) {
+        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "cadence_gem");
+        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    }
     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, base);
@@ -102,6 +107,7 @@ static void zynq_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     const char *kernel_filename = args->kernel_filename;
     const char *kernel_cmdline = args->kernel_cmdline;
     const char *initrd_filename = args->initrd_filename;
+    ObjectClass *cpu_oc;
     ARMCPU *cpu;
     MemoryRegion *address_space_mem = get_system_memory();
     MemoryRegion *ext_ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
@@ -109,16 +115,24 @@ static void zynq_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
     qemu_irq pic[64];
-    NICInfo *nd;
+    Error *err = NULL;
     int n;
 
     if (!cpu_model) {
         cpu_model = "cortex-a9";
     }
+    cpu_oc = cpu_class_by_name(TYPE_ARM_CPU, cpu_model);
 
-    cpu = cpu_arm_init(cpu_model);
-    if (!cpu) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find CPU definition\n");
+    cpu = ARM_CPU(object_new(object_class_get_name(cpu_oc)));
+
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(cpu), MPCORE_PERIPHBASE, "reset-cbar", &err);
+    if (err) {
+        error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(err));
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(cpu), true, "realized", &err);
+    if (err) {
+        error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(err));
         exit(1);
     }
 
@@ -154,7 +168,7 @@ static void zynq_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", 1);
     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
-    sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0xF8F00000);
+    sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, MPCORE_PERIPHBASE);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(cpu), ARM_CPU_IRQ));
 
@@ -177,14 +191,8 @@ static void zynq_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     sysbus_create_varargs("cadence_ttc", 0xF8002000,
             pic[69-IRQ_OFFSET], pic[70-IRQ_OFFSET], pic[71-IRQ_OFFSET], NULL);
 
-    for (n = 0; n < nb_nics; n++) {
-        nd = &nd_table[n];
-        if (n == 0) {
-            gem_init(nd, 0xE000B000, pic[54-IRQ_OFFSET]);
-        } else if (n == 1) {
-            gem_init(nd, 0xE000C000, pic[77-IRQ_OFFSET]);
-        }
-    }
+    gem_init(&nd_table[0], 0xE000B000, pic[54-IRQ_OFFSET]);
+    gem_init(&nd_table[1], 0xE000C000, pic[77-IRQ_OFFSET]);
 
     dev = qdev_create(NULL, "generic-sdhci");
     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
diff --git a/hw/arm/z2.c b/hw/arm/z2.c
index d52c5019b3..97367b1f8b 100644
--- a/hw/arm/z2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/z2.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...)
 #endif
 
-static struct keymap map[0x100] = {
+static const struct keymap map[0x100] = {
     [0 ... 0xff] = { -1, -1 },
     [0x3b] = {0, 0}, /* Option = F1 */
     [0xc8] = {0, 1}, /* Up */
diff --git a/hw/audio/hda-codec.c b/hw/audio/hda-codec.c
index 07a43bfe89..986f2a9c92 100644
--- a/hw/audio/hda-codec.c
+++ b/hw/audio/hda-codec.c
@@ -559,6 +559,21 @@ static int hda_audio_post_load(void *opaque, int version)
     return 0;
 }
 
+static void hda_audio_reset(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    HDAAudioState *a = DO_UPCAST(HDAAudioState, hda.qdev, dev);
+    HDAAudioStream *st;
+    int i;
+
+    dprint(a, 1, "%s\n", __func__);
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(a->st); i++) {
+        st = a->st + i;
+        if (st->node != NULL) {
+            hda_audio_set_running(st, false);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_hda_audio_stream = {
     .name = "hda-audio-stream",
     .version_id = 1,
@@ -640,6 +655,7 @@ static void hda_audio_output_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->stream = hda_audio_stream;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_SOUND, dc->categories);
     dc->desc = "HDA Audio Codec, output-only (line-out)";
+    dc->reset = hda_audio_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_hda_audio;
     dc->props = hda_audio_properties;
 }
@@ -662,6 +678,7 @@ static void hda_audio_duplex_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->stream = hda_audio_stream;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_SOUND, dc->categories);
     dc->desc = "HDA Audio Codec, duplex (line-out, line-in)";
+    dc->reset = hda_audio_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_hda_audio;
     dc->props = hda_audio_properties;
 }
@@ -684,6 +701,7 @@ static void hda_audio_micro_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->stream = hda_audio_stream;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_SOUND, dc->categories);
     dc->desc = "HDA Audio Codec, duplex (speaker, microphone)";
+    dc->reset = hda_audio_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_hda_audio;
     dc->props = hda_audio_properties;
 }
diff --git a/hw/audio/intel-hda.c b/hw/audio/intel-hda.c
index 6ab8c245d3..d41f82cec4 100644
--- a/hw/audio/intel-hda.c
+++ b/hw/audio/intel-hda.c
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ static const IntelHDAReg *intel_hda_reg_find(IntelHDAState *d, hwaddr addr)
 {
     const IntelHDAReg *reg;
 
-    if (addr >= sizeof(regtab)/sizeof(regtab[0])) {
+    if (addr >= ARRAY_SIZE(regtab)) {
         goto noreg;
     }
     reg = regtab+addr;
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ static void intel_hda_regs_reset(IntelHDAState *d)
     uint32_t *addr;
     int i;
 
-    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(regtab)/sizeof(regtab[0]); i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(regtab); i++) {
         if (regtab[i].name == NULL) {
             continue;
         }
diff --git a/hw/audio/marvell_88w8618.c b/hw/audio/marvell_88w8618.c
index 97194ce7ad..cdce238f55 100644
--- a/hw/audio/marvell_88w8618.c
+++ b/hw/audio/marvell_88w8618.c
@@ -288,6 +288,8 @@ static void mv88w8618_audio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->reset = mv88w8618_audio_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &mv88w8618_audio_vmsd;
     dc->props = mv88w8618_audio_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "wm8750" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo mv88w8618_audio_info = {
diff --git a/hw/audio/pcspk.c b/hw/audio/pcspk.c
index 9004ce3d1f..f980d66b2f 100644
--- a/hw/audio/pcspk.c
+++ b/hw/audio/pcspk.c
@@ -192,8 +192,9 @@ static void pcspk_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->realize = pcspk_realizefn;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_SOUND, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = pcspk_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "pit", realize sets global pcspk_state */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo pcspk_info = {
diff --git a/hw/audio/pl041.c b/hw/audio/pl041.c
index 5393b520b7..ed82be54e8 100644
--- a/hw/audio/pl041.c
+++ b/hw/audio/pl041.c
@@ -632,7 +632,6 @@ static void pl041_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     k->init = pl041_init;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_SOUND, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = pl041_device_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pl041;
     dc->props = pl041_device_properties;
diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
index f2d7350a50..456d437ac3 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ enum {
 typedef struct {
     struct iocb iocb;               /* Linux AIO control block */
     QEMUIOVector *inhdr;            /* iovecs for virtio_blk_inhdr */
-    unsigned int head;              /* vring descriptor index */
+    VirtQueueElement *elem;         /* saved data from the virtqueue */
     struct iovec *bounce_iov;       /* used if guest buffers are unaligned */
     QEMUIOVector *read_qiov;        /* for read completion /w bounce buffer */
 } VirtIOBlockRequest;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ static void complete_request(struct iocb *iocb, ssize_t ret, void *opaque)
         len = 0;
     }
 
-    trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_complete_request(s, req->head, ret);
+    trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_complete_request(s, req->elem->index, ret);
 
     if (req->read_qiov) {
         assert(req->bounce_iov);
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ static void complete_request(struct iocb *iocb, ssize_t ret, void *opaque)
      * written to, but for virtio-blk it seems to be the number of bytes
      * transferred plus the status bytes.
      */
-    vring_push(&s->vring, req->head, len + sizeof(hdr));
-
+    vring_push(&s->vring, req->elem, len + sizeof(hdr));
+    req->elem = NULL;
     s->num_reqs--;
 }
 
-static void complete_request_early(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, unsigned int head,
+static void complete_request_early(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, VirtQueueElement *elem,
                                    QEMUIOVector *inhdr, unsigned char status)
 {
     struct virtio_blk_inhdr hdr = {
@@ -134,26 +134,26 @@ static void complete_request_early(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, unsigned int head,
     qemu_iovec_destroy(inhdr);
     g_slice_free(QEMUIOVector, inhdr);
 
-    vring_push(&s->vring, head, sizeof(hdr));
+    vring_push(&s->vring, elem, sizeof(hdr));
     notify_guest(s);
 }
 
 /* Get disk serial number */
 static void do_get_id_cmd(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s,
                           struct iovec *iov, unsigned int iov_cnt,
-                          unsigned int head, QEMUIOVector *inhdr)
+                          VirtQueueElement *elem, QEMUIOVector *inhdr)
 {
     char id[VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES];
 
     /* Serial number not NUL-terminated when shorter than buffer */
     strncpy(id, s->blk->serial ? s->blk->serial : "", sizeof(id));
     iov_from_buf(iov, iov_cnt, 0, id, sizeof(id));
-    complete_request_early(s, head, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
+    complete_request_early(s, elem, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
 }
 
 static int do_rdwr_cmd(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, bool read,
-                       struct iovec *iov, unsigned int iov_cnt,
-                       long long offset, unsigned int head,
+                       struct iovec *iov, unsigned iov_cnt,
+                       long long offset, VirtQueueElement *elem,
                        QEMUIOVector *inhdr)
 {
     struct iocb *iocb;
@@ -186,19 +186,20 @@ static int do_rdwr_cmd(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s, bool read,
 
     /* Fill in virtio block metadata needed for completion */
     VirtIOBlockRequest *req = container_of(iocb, VirtIOBlockRequest, iocb);
-    req->head = head;
+    req->elem = elem;
     req->inhdr = inhdr;
     req->bounce_iov = bounce_iov;
     req->read_qiov = read_qiov;
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int process_request(IOQueue *ioq, struct iovec iov[],
-                           unsigned int out_num, unsigned int in_num,
-                           unsigned int head)
+static int process_request(IOQueue *ioq, VirtQueueElement *elem)
 {
     VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s = container_of(ioq, VirtIOBlockDataPlane, ioqueue);
-    struct iovec *in_iov = &iov[out_num];
+    struct iovec *iov = elem->out_sg;
+    struct iovec *in_iov = elem->in_sg;
+    unsigned out_num = elem->out_num;
+    unsigned in_num = elem->in_num;
     struct virtio_blk_outhdr outhdr;
     QEMUIOVector *inhdr;
     size_t in_size;
@@ -229,29 +230,29 @@ static int process_request(IOQueue *ioq, struct iovec iov[],
 
     switch (outhdr.type) {
     case VIRTIO_BLK_T_IN:
-        do_rdwr_cmd(s, true, in_iov, in_num, outhdr.sector * 512, head, inhdr);
+        do_rdwr_cmd(s, true, in_iov, in_num, outhdr.sector * 512, elem, inhdr);
         return 0;
 
     case VIRTIO_BLK_T_OUT:
-        do_rdwr_cmd(s, false, iov, out_num, outhdr.sector * 512, head, inhdr);
+        do_rdwr_cmd(s, false, iov, out_num, outhdr.sector * 512, elem, inhdr);
         return 0;
 
     case VIRTIO_BLK_T_SCSI_CMD:
         /* TODO support SCSI commands */
-        complete_request_early(s, head, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_UNSUPP);
+        complete_request_early(s, elem, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_UNSUPP);
         return 0;
 
     case VIRTIO_BLK_T_FLUSH:
         /* TODO fdsync not supported by Linux AIO, do it synchronously here! */
         if (qemu_fdatasync(s->fd) < 0) {
-            complete_request_early(s, head, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_IOERR);
+            complete_request_early(s, elem, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_IOERR);
         } else {
-            complete_request_early(s, head, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
+            complete_request_early(s, elem, inhdr, VIRTIO_BLK_S_OK);
         }
         return 0;
 
     case VIRTIO_BLK_T_GET_ID:
-        do_get_id_cmd(s, in_iov, in_num, head, inhdr);
+        do_get_id_cmd(s, in_iov, in_num, elem, inhdr);
         return 0;
 
     default:
@@ -267,29 +268,8 @@ static void handle_notify(EventNotifier *e)
     VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s = container_of(e, VirtIOBlockDataPlane,
                                            host_notifier);
 
-    /* There is one array of iovecs into which all new requests are extracted
-     * from the vring.  Requests are read from the vring and the translated
-     * descriptors are written to the iovecs array.  The iovecs do not have to
-     * persist across handle_notify() calls because the kernel copies the
-     * iovecs on io_submit().
-     *
-     * Handling io_submit() EAGAIN may require storing the requests across
-     * handle_notify() calls until the kernel has sufficient resources to
-     * accept more I/O.  This is not implemented yet.
-     */
-    struct iovec iovec[VRING_MAX];
-    struct iovec *end = &iovec[VRING_MAX];
-    struct iovec *iov = iovec;
-
-    /* When a request is read from the vring, the index of the first descriptor
-     * (aka head) is returned so that the completed request can be pushed onto
-     * the vring later.
-     *
-     * The number of hypervisor read-only iovecs is out_num.  The number of
-     * hypervisor write-only iovecs is in_num.
-     */
-    int head;
-    unsigned int out_num = 0, in_num = 0;
+    VirtQueueElement *elem;
+    int ret;
     unsigned int num_queued;
 
     event_notifier_test_and_clear(&s->host_notifier);
@@ -298,29 +278,31 @@ static void handle_notify(EventNotifier *e)
         vring_disable_notification(s->vdev, &s->vring);
 
         for (;;) {
-            head = vring_pop(s->vdev, &s->vring, iov, end, &out_num, &in_num);
-            if (head < 0) {
+            ret = vring_pop(s->vdev, &s->vring, &elem);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                assert(elem == NULL);
                 break; /* no more requests */
             }
 
-            trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_process_request(s, out_num, in_num,
-                                                        head);
+            trace_virtio_blk_data_plane_process_request(s, elem->out_num,
+                                                        elem->in_num, elem->index);
 
-            if (process_request(&s->ioqueue, iov, out_num, in_num, head) < 0) {
+            if (process_request(&s->ioqueue, elem) < 0) {
                 vring_set_broken(&s->vring);
+                vring_free_element(elem);
+                ret = -EFAULT;
                 break;
             }
-            iov += out_num + in_num;
         }
 
-        if (likely(head == -EAGAIN)) { /* vring emptied */
+        if (likely(ret == -EAGAIN)) { /* vring emptied */
             /* Re-enable guest->host notifies and stop processing the vring.
              * But if the guest has snuck in more descriptors, keep processing.
              */
             if (vring_enable_notification(s->vdev, &s->vring)) {
                 break;
             }
-        } else { /* head == -ENOBUFS or fatal error, iovecs[] is depleted */
+        } else { /* ret == -ENOBUFS or fatal error, iovecs[] is depleted */
             /* Since there are no iovecs[] left, stop processing for now.  Do
              * not re-enable guest->host notifies since the I/O completion
              * handler knows to check for more vring descriptors anyway.
@@ -380,8 +362,9 @@ static void start_data_plane_bh(void *opaque)
                        s, QEMU_THREAD_JOINABLE);
 }
 
-bool virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
-                                  VirtIOBlockDataPlane **dataplane)
+void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
+                                  VirtIOBlockDataPlane **dataplane,
+                                  Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s;
     int fd;
@@ -389,33 +372,35 @@ bool virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
     *dataplane = NULL;
 
     if (!blk->data_plane) {
-        return true;
+        return;
     }
 
     if (blk->scsi) {
-        error_report("device is incompatible with x-data-plane, use scsi=off");
-        return false;
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "device is incompatible with x-data-plane, use scsi=off");
+        return;
     }
 
     if (blk->config_wce) {
-        error_report("device is incompatible with x-data-plane, "
-                     "use config-wce=off");
-        return false;
+        error_setg(errp, "device is incompatible with x-data-plane, "
+                         "use config-wce=off");
+        return;
     }
 
     /* If dataplane is (re-)enabled while the guest is running there could be
      * block jobs that can conflict.
      */
     if (bdrv_in_use(blk->conf.bs)) {
-        error_report("cannot start dataplane thread while device is in use");
-        return false;
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "cannot start dataplane thread while device is in use");
+        return;
     }
 
     fd = raw_get_aio_fd(blk->conf.bs);
     if (fd < 0) {
-        error_report("drive is incompatible with x-data-plane, "
-                     "use format=raw,cache=none,aio=native");
-        return false;
+        error_setg(errp, "drive is incompatible with x-data-plane, "
+                         "use format=raw,cache=none,aio=native");
+        return;
     }
 
     s = g_new0(VirtIOBlockDataPlane, 1);
@@ -427,7 +412,6 @@ bool virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
     bdrv_set_in_use(blk->conf.bs, 1);
 
     *dataplane = s;
-    return true;
 }
 
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s)
diff --git a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
index c90e99f48f..1750c9905b 100644
--- a/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
+++ b/hw/block/dataplane/virtio-blk.h
@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@
 
 typedef struct VirtIOBlockDataPlane VirtIOBlockDataPlane;
 
-bool virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
-                                  VirtIOBlockDataPlane **dataplane);
+void virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VirtIODevice *vdev, VirtIOBlkConf *blk,
+                                  VirtIOBlockDataPlane **dataplane,
+                                  Error **errp);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_start(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
 void virtio_blk_data_plane_stop(VirtIOBlockDataPlane *s);
diff --git a/hw/block/fdc.c b/hw/block/fdc.c
index c5a6c21215..592b58f9b5 100644
--- a/hw/block/fdc.c
+++ b/hw/block/fdc.c
@@ -2234,7 +2234,6 @@ static void isabus_fdc_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->realize = isabus_fdc_realize;
     dc->fw_name = "fdc";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = fdctrl_external_reset_isa;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_isa_fdc;
     dc->props = isa_fdc_properties;
diff --git a/hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c b/hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c
index 018a9677ba..0c95d53dca 100644
--- a/hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c
+++ b/hw/block/pflash_cfi01.c
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "hw/block/flash.h"
 #include "block/block.h"
 #include "qemu/timer.h"
+#include "qemu/bitops.h"
 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
 #include "qemu/host-utils.h"
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
@@ -71,7 +72,9 @@ struct pflash_t {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     uint32_t nb_blocs;
     uint64_t sector_len;
-    uint8_t width;
+    uint8_t bank_width;
+    uint8_t device_width; /* If 0, device width not specified. */
+    uint8_t max_device_width;  /* max device width in bytes */
     uint8_t be;
     uint8_t wcycle; /* if 0, the flash is read normally */
     int ro;
@@ -116,6 +119,119 @@ static void pflash_timer (void *opaque)
     pfl->cmd = 0;
 }
 
+/* Perform a CFI query based on the bank width of the flash.
+ * If this code is called we know we have a device_width set for
+ * this flash.
+ */
+static uint32_t pflash_cfi_query(pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset)
+{
+    int i;
+    uint32_t resp = 0;
+    hwaddr boff;
+
+    /* Adjust incoming offset to match expected device-width
+     * addressing. CFI query addresses are always specified in terms of
+     * the maximum supported width of the device.  This means that x8
+     * devices and x8/x16 devices in x8 mode behave differently.  For
+     * devices that are not used at their max width, we will be
+     * provided with addresses that use higher address bits than
+     * expected (based on the max width), so we will shift them lower
+     * so that they will match the addresses used when
+     * device_width==max_device_width.
+     */
+    boff = offset >> (ctz32(pfl->bank_width) +
+                      ctz32(pfl->max_device_width) - ctz32(pfl->device_width));
+
+    if (boff > pfl->cfi_len) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    /* Now we will construct the CFI response generated by a single
+     * device, then replicate that for all devices that make up the
+     * bus.  For wide parts used in x8 mode, CFI query responses
+     * are different than native byte-wide parts.
+     */
+    resp = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
+    if (pfl->device_width != pfl->max_device_width) {
+        /* The only case currently supported is x8 mode for a
+         * wider part.
+         */
+        if (pfl->device_width != 1 || pfl->bank_width > 4) {
+            DPRINTF("%s: Unsupported device configuration: "
+                    "device_width=%d, max_device_width=%d\n",
+                    __func__, pfl->device_width,
+                    pfl->max_device_width);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        /* CFI query data is repeated, rather than zero padded for
+         * wide devices used in x8 mode.
+         */
+        for (i = 1; i < pfl->max_device_width; i++) {
+            resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8, pfl->cfi_table[boff]);
+        }
+    }
+    /* Replicate responses for each device in bank. */
+    if (pfl->device_width < pfl->bank_width) {
+        for (i = pfl->device_width;
+             i < pfl->bank_width; i += pfl->device_width) {
+            resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8 * pfl->device_width, resp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return resp;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Perform a device id query based on the bank width of the flash. */
+static uint32_t pflash_devid_query(pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset)
+{
+    int i;
+    uint32_t resp;
+    hwaddr boff;
+
+    /* Adjust incoming offset to match expected device-width
+     * addressing. Device ID read addresses are always specified in
+     * terms of the maximum supported width of the device.  This means
+     * that x8 devices and x8/x16 devices in x8 mode behave
+     * differently. For devices that are not used at their max width,
+     * we will be provided with addresses that use higher address bits
+     * than expected (based on the max width), so we will shift them
+     * lower so that they will match the addresses used when
+     * device_width==max_device_width.
+     */
+    boff = offset >> (ctz32(pfl->bank_width) +
+                      ctz32(pfl->max_device_width) - ctz32(pfl->device_width));
+
+    /* Mask off upper bits which may be used in to query block
+     * or sector lock status at other addresses.
+     * Offsets 2/3 are block lock status, is not emulated.
+     */
+    switch (boff & 0xFF) {
+    case 0:
+        resp = pfl->ident0;
+        DPRINTF("%s: Manufacturer Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
+        break;
+    case 1:
+        resp = pfl->ident1;
+        DPRINTF("%s: Device ID Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
+        break;
+    default:
+        DPRINTF("%s: Read Device Information offset=%x\n", __func__,
+                (unsigned)offset);
+        return 0;
+        break;
+    }
+    /* Replicate responses for each device in bank. */
+    if (pfl->device_width < pfl->bank_width) {
+        for (i = pfl->device_width;
+              i < pfl->bank_width; i += pfl->device_width) {
+            resp = deposit32(resp, 8 * i, 8 * pfl->device_width, resp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return resp;
+}
+
 static uint32_t pflash_read (pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset,
                              int width, int be)
 {
@@ -124,12 +240,6 @@ static uint32_t pflash_read (pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset,
     uint8_t *p;
 
     ret = -1;
-    boff = offset & 0xFF; /* why this here ?? */
-
-    if (pfl->width == 2)
-        boff = boff >> 1;
-    else if (pfl->width == 4)
-        boff = boff >> 2;
 
 #if 0
     DPRINTF("%s: reading offset " TARGET_FMT_plx " under cmd %02x width %d\n",
@@ -190,35 +300,88 @@ static uint32_t pflash_read (pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset,
     case 0x60: /* Block /un)lock */
     case 0x70: /* Status Register */
     case 0xe8: /* Write block */
-        /* Status register read */
+        /* Status register read.  Return status from each device in
+         * bank.
+         */
         ret = pfl->status;
-        if (width > 2) {
+        if (pfl->device_width && width > pfl->device_width) {
+            int shift = pfl->device_width * 8;
+            while (shift + pfl->device_width * 8 <= width * 8) {
+                ret |= pfl->status << shift;
+                shift += pfl->device_width * 8;
+            }
+        } else if (!pfl->device_width && width > 2) {
+            /* Handle 32 bit flash cases where device width is not
+             * set. (Existing behavior before device width added.)
+             */
             ret |= pfl->status << 16;
         }
         DPRINTF("%s: status %x\n", __func__, ret);
         break;
     case 0x90:
-        switch (boff) {
-        case 0:
-            ret = pfl->ident0 << 8 | pfl->ident1;
-            DPRINTF("%s: Manufacturer Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            ret = pfl->ident2 << 8 | pfl->ident3;
-            DPRINTF("%s: Device ID Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
-            break;
-        default:
-            DPRINTF("%s: Read Device Information boff=%x\n", __func__,
-                    (unsigned)boff);
-            ret = 0;
-            break;
+        if (!pfl->device_width) {
+            /* Preserve old behavior if device width not specified */
+            boff = offset & 0xFF;
+            if (pfl->bank_width == 2) {
+                boff = boff >> 1;
+            } else if (pfl->bank_width == 4) {
+                boff = boff >> 2;
+            }
+
+            switch (boff) {
+            case 0:
+                ret = pfl->ident0 << 8 | pfl->ident1;
+                DPRINTF("%s: Manufacturer Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                ret = pfl->ident2 << 8 | pfl->ident3;
+                DPRINTF("%s: Device ID Code %04x\n", __func__, ret);
+                break;
+            default:
+                DPRINTF("%s: Read Device Information boff=%x\n", __func__,
+                        (unsigned)boff);
+                ret = 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            /* If we have a read larger than the bank_width, combine multiple
+             * manufacturer/device ID queries into a single response.
+             */
+            int i;
+            for (i = 0; i < width; i += pfl->bank_width) {
+                ret = deposit32(ret, i * 8, pfl->bank_width * 8,
+                                pflash_devid_query(pfl,
+                                                 offset + i * pfl->bank_width));
+            }
         }
         break;
     case 0x98: /* Query mode */
-        if (boff > pfl->cfi_len)
-            ret = 0;
-        else
-            ret = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
+        if (!pfl->device_width) {
+            /* Preserve old behavior if device width not specified */
+            boff = offset & 0xFF;
+            if (pfl->bank_width == 2) {
+                boff = boff >> 1;
+            } else if (pfl->bank_width == 4) {
+                boff = boff >> 2;
+            }
+
+            if (boff > pfl->cfi_len) {
+                ret = 0;
+            } else {
+                ret = pfl->cfi_table[boff];
+            }
+        } else {
+            /* If we have a read larger than the bank_width, combine multiple
+             * CFI queries into a single response.
+             */
+            int i;
+            for (i = 0; i < width; i += pfl->bank_width) {
+                ret = deposit32(ret, i * 8, pfl->bank_width * 8,
+                                pflash_cfi_query(pfl,
+                                                 offset + i * pfl->bank_width));
+            }
+        }
+
         break;
     }
     return ret;
@@ -378,6 +541,14 @@ static void pflash_write(pflash_t *pfl, hwaddr offset,
 
             break;
         case 0xe8:
+            /* Mask writeblock size based on device width, or bank width if
+             * device width not specified.
+             */
+            if (pfl->device_width) {
+                value = extract32(value, 0, pfl->device_width * 8);
+            } else {
+                value = extract32(value, 0, pfl->bank_width * 8);
+            }
             DPRINTF("%s: block write of %x bytes\n", __func__, value);
             pfl->counter = value;
             pfl->wcycle++;
@@ -613,6 +784,13 @@ static void pflash_cfi01_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         pfl->ro = 0;
     }
 
+    /* Default to devices being used at their maximum device width. This was
+     * assumed before the device_width support was added.
+     */
+    if (!pfl->max_device_width) {
+        pfl->max_device_width = pfl->device_width;
+    }
+
     pfl->timer = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, pflash_timer, pfl);
     pfl->wcycle = 0;
     pfl->cmd = 0;
@@ -665,7 +843,7 @@ static void pflash_cfi01_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     pfl->cfi_table[0x28] = 0x02;
     pfl->cfi_table[0x29] = 0x00;
     /* Max number of bytes in multi-bytes write */
-    if (pfl->width == 1) {
+    if (pfl->bank_width == 1) {
         pfl->cfi_table[0x2A] = 0x08;
     } else {
         pfl->cfi_table[0x2A] = 0x0B;
@@ -706,7 +884,25 @@ static Property pflash_cfi01_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_DRIVE("drive", struct pflash_t, bs),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("num-blocks", struct pflash_t, nb_blocs, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("sector-length", struct pflash_t, sector_len, 0),
-    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("width", struct pflash_t, width, 0),
+    /* width here is the overall width of this QEMU device in bytes.
+     * The QEMU device may be emulating a number of flash devices
+     * wired up in parallel; the width of each individual flash
+     * device should be specified via device-width. If the individual
+     * devices have a maximum width which is greater than the width
+     * they are being used for, this maximum width should be set via
+     * max-device-width (which otherwise defaults to device-width).
+     * So for instance a 32-bit wide QEMU flash device made from four
+     * 16-bit flash devices used in 8-bit wide mode would be configured
+     * with width = 4, device-width = 1, max-device-width = 2.
+     *
+     * If device-width is not specified we default to backwards
+     * compatible behaviour which is a bad emulation of two
+     * 16 bit devices making up a 32 bit wide QEMU device. This
+     * is deprecated for new uses of this device.
+     */
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("width", struct pflash_t, bank_width, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("device-width", struct pflash_t, device_width, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("max-device-width", struct pflash_t, max_device_width, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("big-endian", struct pflash_t, be, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id0", struct pflash_t, ident0, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("id1", struct pflash_t, ident1, 0),
@@ -745,8 +941,8 @@ pflash_t *pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base,
                                 DeviceState *qdev, const char *name,
                                 hwaddr size,
                                 BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                uint32_t sector_len, int nb_blocs, int width,
-                                uint16_t id0, uint16_t id1,
+                                uint32_t sector_len, int nb_blocs,
+                                int bank_width, uint16_t id0, uint16_t id1,
                                 uint16_t id2, uint16_t id3, int be)
 {
     DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_CFI_PFLASH01);
@@ -756,7 +952,7 @@ pflash_t *pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base,
     }
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks", nb_blocs);
     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", sector_len);
-    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", width);
+    qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", bank_width);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "big-endian", !!be);
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", id0);
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", id1);
diff --git a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
index 13f6d8276e..8a568e5edb 100644
--- a/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
+++ b/hw/block/virtio-blk.c
@@ -657,6 +657,7 @@ static void virtio_blk_migration_state_changed(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
     VirtIOBlock *s = container_of(notifier, VirtIOBlock,
                                   migration_state_notifier);
     MigrationState *mig = data;
+    Error *err = NULL;
 
     if (migration_in_setup(mig)) {
         if (!s->dataplane) {
@@ -671,31 +672,39 @@ static void virtio_blk_migration_state_changed(Notifier *notifier, void *data)
         }
         bdrv_drain_all(); /* complete in-flight non-dataplane requests */
         virtio_blk_data_plane_create(VIRTIO_DEVICE(s), &s->blk,
-                                     &s->dataplane);
+                                     &s->dataplane, &err);
+        if (err != NULL) {
+            error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(err));
+            error_free(err);
+        }
     }
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK_DATA_PLANE */
 
-static int virtio_blk_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_blk_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
     VirtIOBlkConf *blk = &(s->blk);
+#ifdef CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK_DATA_PLANE
+    Error *err = NULL;
+#endif
     static int virtio_blk_id;
 
     if (!blk->conf.bs) {
-        error_report("drive property not set");
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "drive property not set");
+        return;
     }
     if (!bdrv_is_inserted(blk->conf.bs)) {
-        error_report("Device needs media, but drive is empty");
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "Device needs media, but drive is empty");
+        return;
     }
 
     blkconf_serial(&blk->conf, &blk->serial);
     s->original_wce = bdrv_enable_write_cache(blk->conf.bs);
     if (blkconf_geometry(&blk->conf, NULL, 65535, 255, 255) < 0) {
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "Error setting geometry");
+        return;
     }
 
     virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-blk", VIRTIO_ID_BLOCK,
@@ -708,30 +717,32 @@ static int virtio_blk_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 
     s->vq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_blk_handle_output);
 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK_DATA_PLANE
-    if (!virtio_blk_data_plane_create(vdev, blk, &s->dataplane)) {
+    virtio_blk_data_plane_create(vdev, blk, &s->dataplane, &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
         virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-        return -1;
+        return;
     }
     s->migration_state_notifier.notify = virtio_blk_migration_state_changed;
     add_migration_state_change_notifier(&s->migration_state_notifier);
 #endif
 
     s->change = qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(virtio_blk_dma_restart_cb, s);
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", virtio_blk_id++, 2,
                     virtio_blk_save, virtio_blk_load, s);
     bdrv_set_dev_ops(s->bs, &virtio_block_ops, s);
-    bdrv_set_buffer_alignment(s->bs, s->conf->logical_block_size);
+    bdrv_set_guest_block_size(s->bs, s->conf->logical_block_size);
 
     bdrv_iostatus_enable(s->bs);
 
-    add_boot_device_path(s->conf->bootindex, qdev, "/disk@0,0");
-    return 0;
+    add_boot_device_path(s->conf->bootindex, dev, "/disk@0,0");
 }
 
-static int virtio_blk_device_exit(DeviceState *dev)
+static void virtio_blk_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
     VirtIOBlock *s = VIRTIO_BLK(dev);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK_DATA_PLANE
     remove_migration_state_change_notifier(&s->migration_state_notifier);
     virtio_blk_data_plane_destroy(s->dataplane);
@@ -741,7 +752,6 @@ static int virtio_blk_device_exit(DeviceState *dev)
     unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-blk", s);
     blockdev_mark_auto_del(s->bs);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static Property virtio_blk_properties[] = {
@@ -753,10 +763,11 @@ static void virtio_blk_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_blk_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_blk_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_blk_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_blk_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_blk_device_unrealize;
     vdc->get_config = virtio_blk_update_config;
     vdc->set_config = virtio_blk_set_config;
     vdc->get_features = virtio_blk_get_features;
diff --git a/hw/char/Makefile.objs b/hw/char/Makefile.objs
index cbd6a006f4..be2a7d953a 100644
--- a/hw/char/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/char/Makefile.objs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_COLDFIRE) += mcf_uart.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_OMAP) += omap_uart.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SH4) += sh_serial.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_PSERIES) += spapr_vty.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DIGIC) += digic-uart.o
 
 common-obj-$(CONFIG_ETRAXFS) += etraxfs_ser.o
 common-obj-$(CONFIG_ISA_DEBUG) += debugcon.o
diff --git a/hw/char/cadence_uart.c b/hw/char/cadence_uart.c
index f18db53bca..1012f1ad64 100644
--- a/hw/char/cadence_uart.c
+++ b/hw/char/cadence_uart.c
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
 #define UART_SR_INTR_RFUL      0x00000004
 #define UART_SR_INTR_TEMPTY    0x00000008
 #define UART_SR_INTR_TFUL      0x00000010
+/* somewhat awkwardly, TTRIG is misaligned between SR and ISR */
+#define UART_SR_TTRIG          0x00002000
+#define UART_INTR_TTRIG        0x00000400
 /* bits fields in CSR that correlate to CISR. If any of these bits are set in
  * SR, then the same bit in CISR is set high too */
 #define UART_SR_TO_CISR_MASK   0x0000001F
@@ -43,6 +46,7 @@
 #define UART_INTR_PARE         0x00000080
 #define UART_INTR_TIMEOUT      0x00000100
 #define UART_INTR_DMSI         0x00000200
+#define UART_INTR_TOVR         0x00001000
 
 #define UART_SR_RACTIVE    0x00000400
 #define UART_SR_TACTIVE    0x00000800
@@ -110,23 +114,37 @@
 #define CADENCE_UART(obj) OBJECT_CHECK(UartState, (obj), TYPE_CADENCE_UART)
 
 typedef struct {
+    /*< private >*/
     SysBusDevice parent_obj;
+    /*< public >*/
 
     MemoryRegion iomem;
     uint32_t r[R_MAX];
-    uint8_t r_fifo[RX_FIFO_SIZE];
+    uint8_t rx_fifo[RX_FIFO_SIZE];
+    uint8_t tx_fifo[TX_FIFO_SIZE];
     uint32_t rx_wpos;
     uint32_t rx_count;
+    uint32_t tx_count;
     uint64_t char_tx_time;
     CharDriverState *chr;
     qemu_irq irq;
     QEMUTimer *fifo_trigger_handle;
-    QEMUTimer *tx_time_handle;
 } UartState;
 
 static void uart_update_status(UartState *s)
 {
+    s->r[R_SR] = 0;
+
+    s->r[R_SR] |= s->rx_count == RX_FIFO_SIZE ? UART_SR_INTR_RFUL : 0;
+    s->r[R_SR] |= !s->rx_count ? UART_SR_INTR_REMPTY : 0;
+    s->r[R_SR] |= s->rx_count >= s->r[R_RTRIG] ? UART_SR_INTR_RTRIG : 0;
+
+    s->r[R_SR] |= s->tx_count == TX_FIFO_SIZE ? UART_SR_INTR_TFUL : 0;
+    s->r[R_SR] |= !s->tx_count ? UART_SR_INTR_TEMPTY : 0;
+    s->r[R_SR] |= s->tx_count >= s->r[R_TTRIG] ? UART_SR_TTRIG : 0;
+
     s->r[R_CISR] |= s->r[R_SR] & UART_SR_TO_CISR_MASK;
+    s->r[R_CISR] |= s->r[R_SR] & UART_SR_TTRIG ? UART_INTR_TTRIG : 0;
     qemu_set_irq(s->irq, !!(s->r[R_IMR] & s->r[R_CISR]));
 }
 
@@ -139,24 +157,6 @@ static void fifo_trigger_update(void *opaque)
     uart_update_status(s);
 }
 
-static void uart_tx_redo(UartState *s)
-{
-    uint64_t new_tx_time = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
-
-    timer_mod(s->tx_time_handle, new_tx_time + s->char_tx_time);
-
-    s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_TEMPTY;
-
-    uart_update_status(s);
-}
-
-static void uart_tx_write(void *opaque)
-{
-    UartState *s = (UartState *)opaque;
-
-    uart_tx_redo(s);
-}
-
 static void uart_rx_reset(UartState *s)
 {
     s->rx_wpos = 0;
@@ -164,15 +164,11 @@ static void uart_rx_reset(UartState *s)
     if (s->chr) {
         qemu_chr_accept_input(s->chr);
     }
-
-    s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_REMPTY;
-    s->r[R_SR] &= ~UART_SR_INTR_RFUL;
 }
 
 static void uart_tx_reset(UartState *s)
 {
-    s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_TEMPTY;
-    s->r[R_SR] &= ~UART_SR_INTR_TFUL;
+    s->tx_count = 0;
 }
 
 static void uart_send_breaks(UartState *s)
@@ -237,8 +233,16 @@ static void uart_parameters_setup(UartState *s)
 static int uart_can_receive(void *opaque)
 {
     UartState *s = (UartState *)opaque;
+    int ret = MAX(RX_FIFO_SIZE, TX_FIFO_SIZE);
+    uint32_t ch_mode = s->r[R_MR] & UART_MR_CHMODE;
 
-    return RX_FIFO_SIZE - s->rx_count;
+    if (ch_mode == NORMAL_MODE || ch_mode == ECHO_MODE) {
+        ret = MIN(ret, RX_FIFO_SIZE - s->rx_count);
+    }
+    if (ch_mode == REMOTE_LOOPBACK || ch_mode == ECHO_MODE) {
+        ret = MIN(ret, TX_FIFO_SIZE - s->tx_count);
+    }
+    return ret;
 }
 
 static void uart_ctrl_update(UartState *s)
@@ -253,10 +257,6 @@ static void uart_ctrl_update(UartState *s)
 
     s->r[R_CR] &= ~(UART_CR_TXRST | UART_CR_RXRST);
 
-    if ((s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_TX_EN) && !(s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_TX_DIS)) {
-            uart_tx_redo(s);
-    }
-
     if (s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_STARTBRK && !(s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_STOPBRK)) {
         uart_send_breaks(s);
     }
@@ -272,24 +272,13 @@ static void uart_write_rx_fifo(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
         return;
     }
 
-    s->r[R_SR] &= ~UART_SR_INTR_REMPTY;
-
     if (s->rx_count == RX_FIFO_SIZE) {
         s->r[R_CISR] |= UART_INTR_ROVR;
     } else {
         for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            s->r_fifo[s->rx_wpos] = buf[i];
+            s->rx_fifo[s->rx_wpos] = buf[i];
             s->rx_wpos = (s->rx_wpos + 1) % RX_FIFO_SIZE;
             s->rx_count++;
-
-            if (s->rx_count == RX_FIFO_SIZE) {
-                s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_RFUL;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            if (s->rx_count >= s->r[R_RTRIG]) {
-                s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_RTRIG;
-            }
         }
         timer_mod(s->fifo_trigger_handle, new_rx_time +
                                                 (s->char_tx_time * 4));
@@ -297,13 +286,55 @@ static void uart_write_rx_fifo(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
     uart_update_status(s);
 }
 
+static gboolean cadence_uart_xmit(GIOChannel *chan, GIOCondition cond,
+                                  void *opaque)
+{
+    UartState *s = opaque;
+    int ret;
+
+    /* instant drain the fifo when there's no back-end */
+    if (!s->chr) {
+        s->tx_count = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!s->tx_count) {
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    ret = qemu_chr_fe_write(s->chr, s->tx_fifo, s->tx_count);
+    s->tx_count -= ret;
+    memmove(s->tx_fifo, s->tx_fifo + ret, s->tx_count);
+
+    if (s->tx_count) {
+        int r = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(s->chr, G_IO_OUT, cadence_uart_xmit, s);
+        assert(r);
+    }
+
+    uart_update_status(s);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
 static void uart_write_tx_fifo(UartState *s, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 {
     if ((s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_TX_DIS) || !(s->r[R_CR] & UART_CR_TX_EN)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    qemu_chr_fe_write_all(s->chr, buf, size);
+    if (size > TX_FIFO_SIZE - s->tx_count) {
+        size = TX_FIFO_SIZE - s->tx_count;
+        /*
+         * This can only be a guest error via a bad tx fifo register push,
+         * as can_receive() should stop remote loop and echo modes ever getting
+         * us to here.
+         */
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR, "cadence_uart: TxFIFO overflow");
+        s->r[R_CISR] |= UART_INTR_ROVR;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(s->tx_fifo + s->tx_count, buf, size);
+    s->tx_count += size;
+
+    cadence_uart_xmit(NULL, G_IO_OUT, s);
 }
 
 static void uart_receive(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
@@ -337,26 +368,17 @@ static void uart_read_rx_fifo(UartState *s, uint32_t *c)
         return;
     }
 
-    s->r[R_SR] &= ~UART_SR_INTR_RFUL;
-
     if (s->rx_count) {
         uint32_t rx_rpos =
                 (RX_FIFO_SIZE + s->rx_wpos - s->rx_count) % RX_FIFO_SIZE;
-        *c = s->r_fifo[rx_rpos];
+        *c = s->rx_fifo[rx_rpos];
         s->rx_count--;
 
-        if (!s->rx_count) {
-            s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_REMPTY;
-        }
         qemu_chr_accept_input(s->chr);
     } else {
         *c = 0;
-        s->r[R_SR] |= UART_SR_INTR_REMPTY;
     }
 
-    if (s->rx_count < s->r[R_RTRIG]) {
-        s->r[R_SR] &= ~UART_SR_INTR_RTRIG;
-    }
     uart_update_status(s);
 }
 
@@ -401,6 +423,7 @@ static void uart_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
         uart_parameters_setup(s);
         break;
     }
+    uart_update_status(s);
 }
 
 static uint64_t uart_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
@@ -428,8 +451,10 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps uart_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void cadence_uart_reset(UartState *s)
+static void cadence_uart_reset(DeviceState *dev)
 {
+    UartState *s = CADENCE_UART(dev);
+
     s->r[R_CR] = 0x00000128;
     s->r[R_IMR] = 0;
     s->r[R_CISR] = 0;
@@ -440,8 +465,7 @@ static void cadence_uart_reset(UartState *s)
     uart_rx_reset(s);
     uart_tx_reset(s);
 
-    s->rx_count = 0;
-    s->rx_wpos = 0;
+    uart_update_status(s);
 }
 
 static int cadence_uart_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
@@ -455,15 +479,10 @@ static int cadence_uart_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
     s->fifo_trigger_handle = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL,
             (QEMUTimerCB *)fifo_trigger_update, s);
 
-    s->tx_time_handle = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL,
-            (QEMUTimerCB *)uart_tx_write, s);
-
     s->char_tx_time = (get_ticks_per_sec() / 9600) * 10;
 
     s->chr = qemu_char_get_next_serial();
 
-    cadence_uart_reset(s);
-
     if (s->chr) {
         qemu_chr_add_handlers(s->chr, uart_can_receive, uart_receive,
                               uart_event, s);
@@ -483,17 +502,18 @@ static int cadence_uart_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
 
 static const VMStateDescription vmstate_cadence_uart = {
     .name = "cadence_uart",
-    .version_id = 1,
-    .minimum_version_id = 1,
-    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .version_id = 2,
+    .minimum_version_id = 2,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 2,
     .post_load = cadence_uart_post_load,
     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
         VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(r, UartState, R_MAX),
-        VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(r_fifo, UartState, RX_FIFO_SIZE),
+        VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(rx_fifo, UartState, RX_FIFO_SIZE),
+        VMSTATE_UINT8_ARRAY(tx_fifo, UartState, RX_FIFO_SIZE),
         VMSTATE_UINT32(rx_count, UartState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(tx_count, UartState),
         VMSTATE_UINT32(rx_wpos, UartState),
         VMSTATE_TIMER(fifo_trigger_handle, UartState),
-        VMSTATE_TIMER(tx_time_handle, UartState),
         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
     }
 };
@@ -505,6 +525,7 @@ static void cadence_uart_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     sdc->init = cadence_uart_init;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_cadence_uart;
+    dc->reset = cadence_uart_reset;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo cadence_uart_info = {
diff --git a/hw/char/digic-uart.c b/hw/char/digic-uart.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fd8e07713d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/char/digic-uart.c
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU model of the Canon DIGIC UART block.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Antony Pavlov <antonynpavlov@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This model is based on reverse engineering efforts
+ * made by CHDK (http://chdk.wikia.com) and
+ * Magic Lantern (http://www.magiclantern.fm) projects
+ * contributors.
+ *
+ * See "Serial terminal" docs here:
+ *   http://magiclantern.wikia.com/wiki/Register_Map#Misc_Registers
+ *
+ * The QEMU model of the Milkymist UART block by Michael Walle
+ * is used as a template.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "hw/hw.h"
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "sysemu/char.h"
+
+#include "hw/char/digic-uart.h"
+
+enum {
+    ST_RX_RDY = (1 << 0),
+    ST_TX_RDY = (1 << 1),
+};
+
+static uint64_t digic_uart_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
+                                unsigned size)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = opaque;
+    uint64_t ret = 0;
+
+    addr >>= 2;
+
+    switch (addr) {
+    case R_RX:
+        s->reg_st &= ~(ST_RX_RDY);
+        ret = s->reg_rx;
+        break;
+
+    case R_ST:
+        ret = s->reg_st;
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "digic-uart: read access to unknown register 0x"
+                      TARGET_FMT_plx, addr << 2);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void digic_uart_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t value,
+                             unsigned size)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = opaque;
+    unsigned char ch = value;
+
+    addr >>= 2;
+
+    switch (addr) {
+    case R_TX:
+        if (s->chr) {
+            qemu_chr_fe_write_all(s->chr, &ch, 1);
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case R_ST:
+        /*
+         * Ignore write to R_ST.
+         *
+         * The point is that this register is actively used
+         * during receiving and transmitting symbols,
+         * but we don't know the function of most of bits.
+         *
+         * Ignoring writes to R_ST is only a simplification
+         * of the model. It has no perceptible side effects
+         * for existing guests.
+         */
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "digic-uart: write access to unknown register 0x"
+                      TARGET_FMT_plx, addr << 2);
+    }
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps uart_mmio_ops = {
+    .read = digic_uart_read,
+    .write = digic_uart_write,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+};
+
+static int uart_can_rx(void *opaque)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = opaque;
+
+    return !(s->reg_st & ST_RX_RDY);
+}
+
+static void uart_rx(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = opaque;
+
+    assert(uart_can_rx(opaque));
+
+    s->reg_st |= ST_RX_RDY;
+    s->reg_rx = *buf;
+}
+
+static void uart_event(void *opaque, int event)
+{
+}
+
+static void digic_uart_reset(DeviceState *d)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = DIGIC_UART(d);
+
+    s->reg_rx = 0;
+    s->reg_st = ST_TX_RDY;
+}
+
+static void digic_uart_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = DIGIC_UART(dev);
+
+    s->chr = qemu_char_get_next_serial();
+    if (s->chr) {
+        qemu_chr_add_handlers(s->chr, uart_can_rx, uart_rx, uart_event, s);
+    }
+}
+
+static void digic_uart_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    DigicUartState *s = DIGIC_UART(obj);
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->regs_region, OBJECT(s), &uart_mmio_ops, s,
+                          TYPE_DIGIC_UART, 0x18);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->regs_region);
+}
+
+static const VMStateDescription vmstate_digic_uart = {
+    .name = "digic-uart",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(reg_rx, DigicUartState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(reg_st, DigicUartState),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static void digic_uart_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->realize = digic_uart_realize;
+    dc->reset = digic_uart_reset;
+    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_digic_uart;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo digic_uart_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_DIGIC_UART,
+    .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(DigicUartState),
+    .instance_init = digic_uart_init,
+    .class_init = digic_uart_class_init,
+};
+
+static void digic_uart_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&digic_uart_info);
+}
+
+type_init(digic_uart_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/char/exynos4210_uart.c b/hw/char/exynos4210_uart.c
index eef23a0ccc..19b59ccddb 100644
--- a/hw/char/exynos4210_uart.c
+++ b/hw/char/exynos4210_uart.c
@@ -192,10 +192,9 @@ typedef struct Exynos4210UartState {
 static const char *exynos4210_uart_regname(hwaddr  offset)
 {
 
-    int regs_number = sizeof(exynos4210_uart_regs) / sizeof(Exynos4210UartReg);
     int i;
 
-    for (i = 0; i < regs_number; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(exynos4210_uart_regs); i++) {
         if (offset == exynos4210_uart_regs[i].offset) {
             return exynos4210_uart_regs[i].name;
         }
@@ -544,10 +543,9 @@ static void exynos4210_uart_event(void *opaque, int event)
 static void exynos4210_uart_reset(DeviceState *dev)
 {
     Exynos4210UartState *s = EXYNOS4210_UART(dev);
-    int regs_number = sizeof(exynos4210_uart_regs)/sizeof(Exynos4210UartReg);
     int i;
 
-    for (i = 0; i < regs_number; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(exynos4210_uart_regs); i++) {
         s->reg[I_(exynos4210_uart_regs[i].offset)] =
                 exynos4210_uart_regs[i].reset_value;
     }
diff --git a/hw/char/virtio-serial-bus.c b/hw/char/virtio-serial-bus.c
index 703f026370..226e9f9a3c 100644
--- a/hw/char/virtio-serial-bus.c
+++ b/hw/char/virtio-serial-bus.c
@@ -889,22 +889,24 @@ static int virtser_port_qdev_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_serial_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_serial_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIOSerial *vser = VIRTIO_SERIAL(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOSerial *vser = VIRTIO_SERIAL(dev);
+    BusState *bus;
     uint32_t i, max_supported_ports;
 
     if (!vser->serial.max_virtserial_ports) {
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "Maximum number of serial ports not specified");
+        return;
     }
 
     /* Each port takes 2 queues, and one pair is for the control queue */
     max_supported_ports = VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX / 2 - 1;
 
     if (vser->serial.max_virtserial_ports > max_supported_ports) {
-        error_report("maximum ports supported: %u", max_supported_ports);
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "maximum ports supported: %u", max_supported_ports);
+        return;
     }
 
     virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-serial", VIRTIO_ID_CONSOLE,
@@ -912,8 +914,9 @@ static int virtio_serial_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 
     /* Spawn a new virtio-serial bus on which the ports will ride as devices */
     qbus_create_inplace(&vser->bus, sizeof(vser->bus), TYPE_VIRTIO_SERIAL_BUS,
-                        qdev, vdev->bus_name);
-    vser->bus.qbus.allow_hotplug = 1;
+                        dev, vdev->bus_name);
+    bus = BUS(&vser->bus);
+    bus->allow_hotplug = 1;
     vser->bus.vser = vser;
     QTAILQ_INIT(&vser->ports);
 
@@ -961,10 +964,8 @@ static int virtio_serial_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
      * Register for the savevm section with the virtio-console name
      * to preserve backward compat
      */
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-console", -1, 3, virtio_serial_save,
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-console", -1, 3, virtio_serial_save,
                     virtio_serial_load, vser);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static void virtio_serial_port_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
@@ -987,10 +988,10 @@ static const TypeInfo virtio_serial_port_type_info = {
     .class_init = virtio_serial_port_class_init,
 };
 
-static int virtio_serial_device_exit(DeviceState *dev)
+static void virtio_serial_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIOSerial *vser = VIRTIO_SERIAL(dev);
     VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOSerial *vser = VIRTIO_SERIAL(dev);
 
     unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-console", vser);
 
@@ -1004,7 +1005,6 @@ static int virtio_serial_device_exit(DeviceState *dev)
         g_free(vser->post_load);
     }
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static Property virtio_serial_properties[] = {
@@ -1016,10 +1016,11 @@ static void virtio_serial_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_serial_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_serial_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_INPUT, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_serial_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_serial_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_serial_device_unrealize;
     vdc->get_features = get_features;
     vdc->get_config = get_config;
     vdc->set_config = set_config;
diff --git a/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c b/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
index 729efa81a2..3f29b49ca4 100644
--- a/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
+++ b/hw/core/qdev-properties-system.c
@@ -352,21 +352,17 @@ void qdev_prop_set_drive_nofail(DeviceState *dev, const char *name,
 void qdev_prop_set_chr(DeviceState *dev, const char *name,
                        CharDriverState *value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
     assert(!value || value->label);
     object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev),
-                            value ? value->label : "", name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                            value ? value->label : "", name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_netdev(DeviceState *dev, const char *name,
                           NetClientState *value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
     assert(!value || value->name);
     object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev),
-                            value ? value->name : "", name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                            value ? value->name : "", name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_set_nic_properties(DeviceState *dev, NICInfo *nd)
diff --git a/hw/core/qdev-properties.c b/hw/core/qdev-properties.c
index dc8ae6958c..b949f0e42a 100644
--- a/hw/core/qdev-properties.c
+++ b/hw/core/qdev-properties.c
@@ -1003,73 +1003,55 @@ void qdev_prop_parse(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, const char *value,
 
 void qdev_prop_set_bit(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, bool value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_uint8(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, uint8_t value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_uint16(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, uint16_t value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_uint32(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, uint32_t value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_int32(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, int32_t value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_uint64(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, uint64_t value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_string(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, const char *value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
-    object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), value, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_macaddr(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, uint8_t *value)
 {
-    Error *errp = NULL;
     char str[2 * 6 + 5 + 1];
     snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
              value[0], value[1], value[2], value[3], value[4], value[5]);
 
-    object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), str, name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+    object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), str, name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_enum(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, int value)
 {
     Property *prop;
-    Error *errp = NULL;
 
     prop = qdev_prop_find(dev, name);
     object_property_set_str(OBJECT(dev), prop->info->enum_table[value],
-                            name, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                            name, &error_abort);
 }
 
 void qdev_prop_set_ptr(DeviceState *dev, const char *name, void *value)
@@ -1161,12 +1143,10 @@ static void set_size(Object *obj, Visitor *v, void *opaque,
 static int parse_size(DeviceState *dev, Property *prop, const char *str)
 {
     uint64_t *ptr = qdev_get_prop_ptr(dev, prop);
-    Error *errp = NULL;
 
     if (str != NULL) {
-        parse_option_size(prop->name, str, ptr, &errp);
+        parse_option_size(prop->name, str, ptr, &error_abort);
     }
-    assert_no_error(errp);
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/core/qdev.c b/hw/core/qdev.c
index e374a9399f..82a9123038 100644
--- a/hw/core/qdev.c
+++ b/hw/core/qdev.c
@@ -233,19 +233,19 @@ static int qbus_reset_one(BusState *bus, void *opaque)
 {
     BusClass *bc = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
     if (bc->reset) {
-        return bc->reset(bus);
+        bc->reset(bus);
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 void qdev_reset_all(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    qdev_walk_children(dev, qdev_reset_one, qbus_reset_one, NULL);
+    qdev_walk_children(dev, NULL, NULL, qdev_reset_one, qbus_reset_one, NULL);
 }
 
 void qbus_reset_all(BusState *bus)
 {
-    qbus_walk_children(bus, qdev_reset_one, qbus_reset_one, NULL);
+    qbus_walk_children(bus, NULL, NULL, qdev_reset_one, qbus_reset_one, NULL);
 }
 
 void qbus_reset_all_fn(void *opaque)
@@ -337,49 +337,70 @@ BusState *qdev_get_child_bus(DeviceState *dev, const char *name)
     return NULL;
 }
 
-int qbus_walk_children(BusState *bus, qdev_walkerfn *devfn,
-                       qbus_walkerfn *busfn, void *opaque)
+int qbus_walk_children(BusState *bus,
+                       qdev_walkerfn *pre_devfn, qbus_walkerfn *pre_busfn,
+                       qdev_walkerfn *post_devfn, qbus_walkerfn *post_busfn,
+                       void *opaque)
 {
     BusChild *kid;
     int err;
 
-    if (busfn) {
-        err = busfn(bus, opaque);
+    if (pre_busfn) {
+        err = pre_busfn(bus, opaque);
         if (err) {
             return err;
         }
     }
 
     QTAILQ_FOREACH(kid, &bus->children, sibling) {
-        err = qdev_walk_children(kid->child, devfn, busfn, opaque);
+        err = qdev_walk_children(kid->child,
+                                 pre_devfn, pre_busfn,
+                                 post_devfn, post_busfn, opaque);
         if (err < 0) {
             return err;
         }
     }
 
+    if (post_busfn) {
+        err = post_busfn(bus, opaque);
+        if (err) {
+            return err;
+        }
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
-int qdev_walk_children(DeviceState *dev, qdev_walkerfn *devfn,
-                       qbus_walkerfn *busfn, void *opaque)
+int qdev_walk_children(DeviceState *dev,
+                       qdev_walkerfn *pre_devfn, qbus_walkerfn *pre_busfn,
+                       qdev_walkerfn *post_devfn, qbus_walkerfn *post_busfn,
+                       void *opaque)
 {
     BusState *bus;
     int err;
 
-    if (devfn) {
-        err = devfn(dev, opaque);
+    if (pre_devfn) {
+        err = pre_devfn(dev, opaque);
         if (err) {
             return err;
         }
     }
 
     QLIST_FOREACH(bus, &dev->child_bus, sibling) {
-        err = qbus_walk_children(bus, devfn, busfn, opaque);
+        err = qbus_walk_children(bus, pre_devfn, pre_busfn,
+                                 post_devfn, post_busfn, opaque);
         if (err < 0) {
             return err;
         }
     }
 
+    if (post_devfn) {
+        err = post_devfn(dev, opaque);
+        if (err) {
+            return err;
+        }
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -481,11 +502,6 @@ BusState *qbus_create(const char *typename, DeviceState *parent, const char *nam
     return bus;
 }
 
-void qbus_free(BusState *bus)
-{
-    object_unparent(OBJECT(bus));
-}
-
 static char *bus_get_fw_dev_path(BusState *bus, DeviceState *dev)
 {
     BusClass *bc = BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
@@ -656,14 +672,13 @@ void qdev_property_add_static(DeviceState *dev, Property *prop,
     }
 
     if (prop->qtype == QTYPE_QBOOL) {
-        object_property_set_bool(obj, prop->defval, prop->name, &local_err);
+        object_property_set_bool(obj, prop->defval, prop->name, &error_abort);
     } else if (prop->info->enum_table) {
         object_property_set_str(obj, prop->info->enum_table[prop->defval],
-                                prop->name, &local_err);
+                                prop->name, &error_abort);
     } else if (prop->qtype == QTYPE_QINT) {
-        object_property_set_int(obj, prop->defval, prop->name, &local_err);
+        object_property_set_int(obj, prop->defval, prop->name, &error_abort);
     }
-    assert_no_error(local_err);
 }
 
 static bool device_get_realized(Object *obj, Error **err)
@@ -723,7 +738,6 @@ static void device_initfn(Object *obj)
     DeviceState *dev = DEVICE(obj);
     ObjectClass *class;
     Property *prop;
-    Error *err = NULL;
 
     if (qdev_hotplug) {
         dev->hotplugged = 1;
@@ -739,31 +753,19 @@ static void device_initfn(Object *obj)
     class = object_get_class(OBJECT(dev));
     do {
         for (prop = DEVICE_CLASS(class)->props; prop && prop->name; prop++) {
-            qdev_property_add_legacy(dev, prop, &err);
-            assert_no_error(err);
-            qdev_property_add_static(dev, prop, &err);
-            assert_no_error(err);
+            qdev_property_add_legacy(dev, prop, &error_abort);
+            qdev_property_add_static(dev, prop, &error_abort);
         }
         class = object_class_get_parent(class);
     } while (class != object_class_by_name(TYPE_DEVICE));
-    if (err != NULL) {
-        qerror_report_err(err);
-        error_free(err);
-        exit(1);
-    }
 
     object_property_add_link(OBJECT(dev), "parent_bus", TYPE_BUS,
-                             (Object **)&dev->parent_bus, &err);
-    assert_no_error(err);
+                             (Object **)&dev->parent_bus, &error_abort);
 }
 
 static void device_post_init(Object *obj)
 {
-    DeviceState *dev = DEVICE(obj);
-    Error *err = NULL;
-
-    qdev_prop_set_globals(dev, &err);
-    assert_no_error(err);
+    qdev_prop_set_globals(DEVICE(obj), &error_abort);
 }
 
 /* Unlink device from bus and free the structure.  */
@@ -794,7 +796,7 @@ static void device_unparent(Object *obj)
 
     while (dev->num_child_bus) {
         bus = QLIST_FIRST(&dev->child_bus);
-        qbus_free(bus);
+        object_unparent(OBJECT(bus));
     }
     if (dev->realized) {
         object_property_set_bool(obj, false, "realized", NULL);
diff --git a/hw/core/sysbus.c b/hw/core/sysbus.c
index 146f50aa15..f4e760d6eb 100644
--- a/hw/core/sysbus.c
+++ b/hw/core/sysbus.c
@@ -257,6 +257,13 @@ static void sysbus_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *k = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     k->init = sysbus_device_init;
     k->bus_type = TYPE_SYSTEM_BUS;
+    /*
+     * device_add plugs devices into suitable bus.  For "real" buses,
+     * that actually connects the device.  For sysbus, the connections
+     * need to be made separately, and device_add can't do that.  The
+     * device would be left unconnected, and could not possibly work.
+     */
+    k->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo sysbus_device_type_info = {
diff --git a/hw/cpu/icc_bus.c b/hw/cpu/icc_bus.c
index 9a4ea7e2df..7f44c59b25 100644
--- a/hw/cpu/icc_bus.c
+++ b/hw/cpu/icc_bus.c
@@ -43,15 +43,13 @@ static const TypeInfo icc_bus_info = {
 
 static void icc_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    ICCDevice *id = ICC_DEVICE(dev);
-    ICCDeviceClass *idc = ICC_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(id);
-
-    if (idc->init) {
-        if (idc->init(id) < 0) {
-            error_setg(errp, "%s initialization failed.",
-                       object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
-        }
+    ICCDeviceClass *idc = ICC_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
+
+    /* convert to QOM */
+    if (idc->realize) {
+        idc->realize(dev, errp);
     }
+
 }
 
 static void icc_device_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
diff --git a/hw/display/pl110.c b/hw/display/pl110.c
index 790e5108ed..ab689e9aae 100644
--- a/hw/display/pl110.c
+++ b/hw/display/pl110.c
@@ -496,7 +496,6 @@ static void pl110_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     k->init = pl110_initfn;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_DISPLAY, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pl110;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/display/qxl.c b/hw/display/qxl.c
index efdefd6622..e4f172e3fb 100644
--- a/hw/display/qxl.c
+++ b/hw/display/qxl.c
@@ -1144,8 +1144,14 @@ static void qxl_soft_reset(PCIQXLDevice *d)
 
 static void qxl_hard_reset(PCIQXLDevice *d, int loadvm)
 {
+    bool startstop = qemu_spice_display_is_running(&d->ssd);
+
     trace_qxl_hard_reset(d->id, loadvm);
 
+    if (startstop) {
+        qemu_spice_display_stop();
+    }
+
     qxl_spice_reset_cursor(d);
     qxl_spice_reset_image_cache(d);
     qxl_reset_surfaces(d);
@@ -1159,6 +1165,10 @@ static void qxl_hard_reset(PCIQXLDevice *d, int loadvm)
     }
     qemu_spice_create_host_memslot(&d->ssd);
     qxl_soft_reset(d);
+
+    if (startstop) {
+        qemu_spice_display_start();
+    }
 }
 
 static void qxl_reset_handler(DeviceState *dev)
diff --git a/hw/dma/pl080.c b/hw/dma/pl080.c
index 35b90155a2..cb7bda9803 100644
--- a/hw/dma/pl080.c
+++ b/hw/dma/pl080.c
@@ -381,7 +381,6 @@ static void pl080_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(oc);
 
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pl080;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/dma/sparc32_dma.c b/hw/dma/sparc32_dma.c
index 2a92ffb82e..eac338f1bc 100644
--- a/hw/dma/sparc32_dma.c
+++ b/hw/dma/sparc32_dma.c
@@ -304,6 +304,8 @@ static void sparc32_dma_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->reset = dma_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_dma;
     dc->props = sparc32_dma_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "iommu_opaque" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo sparc32_dma_info = {
diff --git a/hw/dma/xilinx_axidma.c b/hw/dma/xilinx_axidma.c
index d67c5f19a4..19f07b3b25 100644
--- a/hw/dma/xilinx_axidma.c
+++ b/hw/dma/xilinx_axidma.c
@@ -569,26 +569,21 @@ static void xilinx_axidma_init(Object *obj)
 {
     XilinxAXIDMA *s = XILINX_AXI_DMA(obj);
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
-    Error *errp = NULL;
 
     object_property_add_link(obj, "axistream-connected", TYPE_STREAM_SLAVE,
-                             (Object **) &s->tx_data_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                             (Object **)&s->tx_data_dev, &error_abort);
     object_property_add_link(obj, "axistream-control-connected",
                              TYPE_STREAM_SLAVE,
-                             (Object **) &s->tx_control_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                             (Object **)&s->tx_control_dev, &error_abort);
 
     object_initialize(&s->rx_data_dev, sizeof(s->rx_data_dev),
                       TYPE_XILINX_AXI_DMA_DATA_STREAM);
     object_initialize(&s->rx_control_dev, sizeof(s->rx_control_dev),
                       TYPE_XILINX_AXI_DMA_CONTROL_STREAM);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), "axistream-connected-target",
-                              (Object *)&s->rx_data_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                              (Object *)&s->rx_data_dev, &error_abort);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), "axistream-control-connected-target",
-                              (Object *)&s->rx_control_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                              (Object *)&s->rx_control_dev, &error_abort);
 
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->streams[0].irq);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->streams[1].irq);
diff --git a/hw/gpio/omap_gpio.c b/hw/gpio/omap_gpio.c
index b8f572bb70..938782a45d 100644
--- a/hw/gpio/omap_gpio.c
+++ b/hw/gpio/omap_gpio.c
@@ -759,6 +759,8 @@ static void omap_gpio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = omap_gpio_init;
     dc->reset = omap_gpif_reset;
     dc->props = omap_gpio_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "clk" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo omap_gpio_info = {
@@ -788,6 +790,8 @@ static void omap2_gpio_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = omap2_gpio_init;
     dc->reset = omap2_gpif_reset;
     dc->props = omap2_gpio_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer properties "iclk", "fclk0", ..., "fclk5" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo omap2_gpio_info = {
diff --git a/hw/i2c/omap_i2c.c b/hw/i2c/omap_i2c.c
index f528b2b38e..2d8e2b7839 100644
--- a/hw/i2c/omap_i2c.c
+++ b/hw/i2c/omap_i2c.c
@@ -475,6 +475,8 @@ static void omap_i2c_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = omap_i2c_init;
     dc->props = omap_i2c_properties;
     dc->reset = omap_i2c_reset;
+    /* Reason: pointer properties "iclk", "fclk" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo omap_i2c_info = {
diff --git a/hw/i2c/smbus_eeprom.c b/hw/i2c/smbus_eeprom.c
index 0154283762..0218f8a0eb 100644
--- a/hw/i2c/smbus_eeprom.c
+++ b/hw/i2c/smbus_eeprom.c
@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ static void smbus_eeprom_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     sc->write_data = eeprom_write_data;
     sc->read_data = eeprom_read_data;
     dc->props = smbus_eeprom_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "data" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo smbus_eeprom_info = {
diff --git a/hw/i2c/smbus_ich9.c b/hw/i2c/smbus_ich9.c
index ca229789f4..8d47eaffc8 100644
--- a/hw/i2c/smbus_ich9.c
+++ b/hw/i2c/smbus_ich9.c
@@ -97,11 +97,15 @@ static void ich9_smb_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ICH9_6;
     k->revision = ICH9_A2_SMB_REVISION;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_SMBUS;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_ich9_smbus;
     dc->desc = "ICH9 SMBUS Bridge";
     k->init = ich9_smbus_initfn;
     k->config_write = ich9_smbus_write_config;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of ICH9 southbridge, needs to be wired up by
+     * pc_q35_init()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 i2c_bus *ich9_smb_init(PCIBus *bus, int devfn, uint32_t smb_io_base)
diff --git a/hw/i386/acpi-build.c b/hw/i386/acpi-build.c
index befc39f253..48312f5a83 100644
--- a/hw/i386/acpi-build.c
+++ b/hw/i386/acpi-build.c
@@ -924,10 +924,16 @@ build_mcfg_q35(GArray *table_data, GArray *linker, AcpiMcfgInfo *info)
 static void
 build_dsdt(GArray *table_data, GArray *linker, AcpiMiscInfo *misc)
 {
-    void *dsdt;
+    AcpiTableHeader *dsdt;
+
     assert(misc->dsdt_code && misc->dsdt_size);
+
     dsdt = acpi_data_push(table_data, misc->dsdt_size);
     memcpy(dsdt, misc->dsdt_code, misc->dsdt_size);
+
+    memset(dsdt, 0, sizeof *dsdt);
+    build_header(linker, table_data, dsdt, ACPI_DSDT_SIGNATURE,
+                 misc->dsdt_size, 1);
 }
 
 /* Build final rsdt table */
diff --git a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt-cpu-hotplug.dsl b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt-cpu-hotplug.dsl
index c96ac42a31..995b415bae 100644
--- a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt-cpu-hotplug.dsl
+++ b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt-cpu-hotplug.dsl
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ Scope(\_SB) {
         Sleep(200)
     }
 
-    /* CPU hotplug notify method */
     OperationRegion(PRST, SystemIO, 0xaf00, 32)
     Field(PRST, ByteAcc, NoLock, Preserve) {
         PRS, 256
diff --git a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.dsl b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.dsl
index 90efce0d18..a377424f39 100644
--- a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.dsl
+++ b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.dsl
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ DefinitionBlock (
             }
             Return (0x0B)
         }
-        Method(IQCR, 1, NotSerialized) {
+        Method(IQCR, 1, Serialized) {
             // _CRS method - get current settings
             Name(PRR0, ResourceTemplate() {
                 Interrupt(, Level, ActiveHigh, Shared) { 0 }
diff --git a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.hex.generated b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
index 2c011070c4..f8bd4ea1b5 100644
--- a/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
+++ b/hw/i386/acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ static unsigned char AcpiDsdtAmlCode[] = {
 0x0,
 0x0,
 0x1,
-0xe0,
+0xd8,
 0x42,
 0x58,
 0x50,
@@ -3379,7 +3379,7 @@ static unsigned char AcpiDsdtAmlCode[] = {
 0x51,
 0x43,
 0x52,
-0x1,
+0x9,
 0x8,
 0x50,
 0x52,
diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/apic.c b/hw/i386/kvm/apic.c
index 5609063120..e873b509a5 100644
--- a/hw/i386/kvm/apic.c
+++ b/hw/i386/kvm/apic.c
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ static inline uint32_t kvm_apic_get_reg(struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic,
     return *((uint32_t *)(kapic->regs + (reg_id << 4)));
 }
 
-void kvm_put_apic_state(DeviceState *d, struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic)
+void kvm_put_apic_state(DeviceState *dev, struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     int i;
 
     memset(kapic, 0, sizeof(*kapic));
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ void kvm_put_apic_state(DeviceState *d, struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic)
     kvm_apic_set_reg(kapic, 0x3e, s->divide_conf);
 }
 
-void kvm_get_apic_state(DeviceState *d, struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic)
+void kvm_get_apic_state(DeviceState *dev, struct kvm_lapic_state *kapic)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     int i, v;
 
     s->id = kvm_apic_get_reg(kapic, 0x2) >> 24;
@@ -171,8 +171,10 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps kvm_apic_io_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void kvm_apic_init(APICCommonState *s)
+static void kvm_apic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
+
     memory_region_init_io(&s->io_memory, NULL, &kvm_apic_io_ops, s, "kvm-apic-msi",
                           APIC_SPACE_SIZE);
 
@@ -185,7 +187,7 @@ static void kvm_apic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     APICCommonClass *k = APIC_COMMON_CLASS(klass);
 
-    k->init = kvm_apic_init;
+    k->realize = kvm_apic_realize;
     k->set_base = kvm_apic_set_base;
     k->set_tpr = kvm_apic_set_tpr;
     k->get_tpr = kvm_apic_get_tpr;
diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/clock.c b/hw/i386/kvm/clock.c
index 383938d1bc..892aa025f4 100644
--- a/hw/i386/kvm/clock.c
+++ b/hw/i386/kvm/clock.c
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ static void kvmclock_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = kvmclock_realize;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &kvmclock_vmsd;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/i386/kvm/ioapic.c b/hw/i386/kvm/ioapic.c
index f11a540825..d2a6c4cf60 100644
--- a/hw/i386/kvm/ioapic.c
+++ b/hw/i386/kvm/ioapic.c
@@ -127,11 +127,13 @@ static void kvm_ioapic_set_irq(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
     apic_report_irq_delivered(delivered);
 }
 
-static void kvm_ioapic_init(IOAPICCommonState *s, int instance_no)
+static void kvm_ioapic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
+    IOAPICCommonState *s = IOAPIC_COMMON(dev);
+
     memory_region_init_reservation(&s->io_memory, NULL, "kvm-ioapic", 0x1000);
 
-    qdev_init_gpio_in(DEVICE(s), kvm_ioapic_set_irq, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
+    qdev_init_gpio_in(dev, kvm_ioapic_set_irq, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
 }
 
 static Property kvm_ioapic_properties[] = {
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ static void kvm_ioapic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     IOAPICCommonClass *k = IOAPIC_COMMON_CLASS(klass);
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
-    k->init      = kvm_ioapic_init;
+    k->realize   = kvm_ioapic_realize;
     k->pre_save  = kvm_ioapic_get;
     k->post_load = kvm_ioapic_put;
     dc->reset    = kvm_ioapic_reset;
diff --git a/hw/i386/kvmvapic.c b/hw/i386/kvmvapic.c
index 2d876009fc..72025d0359 100644
--- a/hw/i386/kvmvapic.c
+++ b/hw/i386/kvmvapic.c
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ static int vapic_enable(VAPICROMState *s, X86CPU *cpu)
         (((hwaddr)cpu_number) << VAPIC_CPU_SHIFT);
     cpu_physical_memory_rw(vapic_paddr + offsetof(VAPICState, enabled),
                            (void *)&enabled, sizeof(enabled), 1);
-    apic_enable_vapic(cpu->env.apic_state, vapic_paddr);
+    apic_enable_vapic(cpu->apic_state, vapic_paddr);
 
     s->state = VAPIC_ACTIVE;
 
@@ -496,12 +496,10 @@ static void vapic_enable_tpr_reporting(bool enable)
     };
     CPUState *cs;
     X86CPU *cpu;
-    CPUX86State *env;
 
     CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
         cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
-        env = &cpu->env;
-        info.apic = env->apic_state;
+        info.apic = cpu->apic_state;
         run_on_cpu(cs, vapic_do_enable_tpr_reporting, &info);
     }
 }
@@ -700,7 +698,7 @@ static void vapic_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint64_t data,
     default:
     case 4:
         if (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel()) {
-            apic_poll_irq(env->apic_state);
+            apic_poll_irq(cpu->apic_state);
         }
         break;
     }
@@ -827,7 +825,6 @@ static void vapic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset   = vapic_reset;
     dc->vmsd    = &vmstate_vapic;
     dc->realize = vapic_realize;
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
index 12c436e7f1..6f0be37d8b 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
@@ -171,14 +171,15 @@ void cpu_smm_update(CPUX86State *env)
 /* IRQ handling */
 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUX86State *env)
 {
+    X86CPU *cpu = x86_env_get_cpu(env);
     int intno;
 
-    intno = apic_get_interrupt(env->apic_state);
+    intno = apic_get_interrupt(cpu->apic_state);
     if (intno >= 0) {
         return intno;
     }
     /* read the irq from the PIC */
-    if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(env->apic_state)) {
+    if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state)) {
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -190,15 +191,13 @@ static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 {
     CPUState *cs = first_cpu;
     X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
-    CPUX86State *env = &cpu->env;
 
     DPRINTF("pic_irqs: %s irq %d\n", level? "raise" : "lower", irq);
-    if (env->apic_state) {
+    if (cpu->apic_state) {
         CPU_FOREACH(cs) {
             cpu = X86_CPU(cs);
-            env = &cpu->env;
-            if (apic_accept_pic_intr(env->apic_state)) {
-                apic_deliver_pic_intr(env->apic_state, level);
+            if (apic_accept_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state)) {
+                apic_deliver_pic_intr(cpu->apic_state, level);
             }
         }
     } else {
@@ -547,10 +546,15 @@ static void port92_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->realize = port92_realizefn;
     dc->reset = port92_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_port92_isa;
+    /*
+     * Reason: unlike ordinary ISA devices, this one needs additional
+     * wiring: its A20 output line needs to be wired up by
+     * port92_init().
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo port92_info = {
@@ -908,7 +912,7 @@ DeviceState *cpu_get_current_apic(void)
 {
     if (current_cpu) {
         X86CPU *cpu = X86_CPU(current_cpu);
-        return cpu->env.apic_state;
+        return cpu->apic_state;
     } else {
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -1002,7 +1006,7 @@ void pc_cpus_init(const char *cpu_model, DeviceState *icc_bridge)
     }
 
     /* map APIC MMIO area if CPU has APIC */
-    if (cpu && cpu->env.apic_state) {
+    if (cpu && cpu->apic_state) {
         /* XXX: what if the base changes? */
         sysbus_mmio_map_overlap(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(icc_bridge), 0,
                                 APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS, 0x1000);
@@ -1093,21 +1097,13 @@ PcGuestInfo *pc_guest_info_init(ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size,
     return guest_info;
 }
 
-void pc_init_pci64_hole(PcPciInfo *pci_info, uint64_t pci_hole64_start,
-                        uint64_t pci_hole64_size)
+/* setup pci memory address space mapping into system address space */
+void pc_pci_as_mapping_init(Object *owner, MemoryRegion *system_memory,
+                            MemoryRegion *pci_address_space)
 {
-    if ((sizeof(hwaddr) == 4) || (!pci_hole64_size)) {
-        return;
-    }
-    /*
-     * BIOS does not set MTRR entries for the 64 bit window, so no need to
-     * align address to power of two.  Align address at 1G, this makes sure
-     * it can be exactly covered with a PAT entry even when using huge
-     * pages.
-     */
-    pci_info->w64.begin = ROUND_UP(pci_hole64_start, 0x1ULL << 30);
-    pci_info->w64.end = pci_info->w64.begin + pci_hole64_size;
-    assert(pci_info->w64.begin <= pci_info->w64.end);
+    /* Set to lower priority than RAM */
+    memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(system_memory, 0x0,
+                                        pci_address_space, -1);
 }
 
 void pc_acpi_init(const char *default_dsdt)
@@ -1261,7 +1257,8 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps ioportF0_io_ops = {
 void pc_basic_device_init(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
                           ISADevice **rtc_state,
                           ISADevice **floppy,
-                          bool no_vmport)
+                          bool no_vmport,
+                          uint32 hpet_irqs)
 {
     int i;
     DriveInfo *fd[MAX_FD];
@@ -1288,9 +1285,21 @@ void pc_basic_device_init(ISABus *isa_bus, qemu_irq *gsi,
      * when the HPET wants to take over. Thus we have to disable the latter.
      */
     if (!no_hpet && (!kvm_irqchip_in_kernel() || kvm_has_pit_state2())) {
-        hpet = sysbus_try_create_simple("hpet", HPET_BASE, NULL);
-
+        /* In order to set property, here not using sysbus_try_create_simple */
+        hpet = qdev_try_create(NULL, TYPE_HPET);
         if (hpet) {
+            /* For pc-piix-*, hpet's intcap is always IRQ2. For pc-q35-1.7
+             * and earlier, use IRQ2 for compat. Otherwise, use IRQ16~23,
+             * IRQ8 and IRQ2.
+             */
+            uint8_t compat = object_property_get_int(OBJECT(hpet),
+                    HPET_INTCAP, NULL);
+            if (!compat) {
+                qdev_prop_set_uint32(hpet, HPET_INTCAP, hpet_irqs);
+            }
+            qdev_init_nofail(hpet);
+            sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), 0, HPET_BASE);
+
             for (i = 0; i < GSI_NUM_PINS; i++) {
                 sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(hpet), i, gsi[i]);
             }
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_piix.c b/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
index ab562853b8..a327d71fb1 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "hw/loader.h"
 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
 #include "hw/i386/apic.h"
+#include "hw/i386/smbios.h"
 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
 #include "hw/pci/pci_ids.h"
 #include "hw/usb.h"
@@ -59,6 +60,12 @@ static const int ide_irq[MAX_IDE_BUS] = { 14, 15 };
 
 static bool has_pci_info;
 static bool has_acpi_build = true;
+static bool smbios_type1_defaults = true;
+/* Make sure that guest addresses aligned at 1Gbyte boundaries get mapped to
+ * host addresses aligned at 1Gbyte boundaries.  This way we can use 1GByte
+ * pages in the host.
+ */
+static bool gigabyte_align = true;
 
 /* PC hardware initialisation */
 static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
@@ -104,9 +111,17 @@ static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
         kvmclock_create();
     }
 
+    /* Check whether RAM fits below 4G (leaving 1/2 GByte for IO memory).
+     * If it doesn't, we need to split it in chunks below and above 4G.
+     * In any case, try to make sure that guest addresses aligned at
+     * 1G boundaries get mapped to host addresses aligned at 1G boundaries.
+     * For old machine types, use whatever split we used historically to avoid
+     * breaking migration.
+     */
     if (args->ram_size >= 0xe0000000) {
-        above_4g_mem_size = args->ram_size - 0xe0000000;
-        below_4g_mem_size = 0xe0000000;
+        ram_addr_t lowmem = gigabyte_align ? 0xc0000000 : 0xe0000000;
+        above_4g_mem_size = args->ram_size - lowmem;
+        below_4g_mem_size = lowmem;
     } else {
         above_4g_mem_size = 0;
         below_4g_mem_size = args->ram_size;
@@ -114,7 +129,7 @@ static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
 
     if (pci_enabled) {
         pci_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-        memory_region_init(pci_memory, NULL, "pci", INT64_MAX);
+        memory_region_init(pci_memory, NULL, "pci", UINT64_MAX);
         rom_memory = pci_memory;
     } else {
         pci_memory = NULL;
@@ -128,6 +143,12 @@ static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
     guest_info->has_pci_info = has_pci_info;
     guest_info->isapc_ram_fw = !pci_enabled;
 
+    if (smbios_type1_defaults) {
+        /* These values are guest ABI, do not change */
+        smbios_set_type1_defaults("QEMU", "Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)",
+                                  args->machine->name);
+    }
+
     /* allocate ram and load rom/bios */
     if (!xen_enabled()) {
         fw_cfg = pc_memory_init(system_memory,
@@ -150,7 +171,6 @@ static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
         pci_bus = i440fx_init(&i440fx_state, &piix3_devfn, &isa_bus, gsi,
                               system_memory, system_io, args->ram_size,
                               below_4g_mem_size,
-                              0x100000000ULL - below_4g_mem_size,
                               above_4g_mem_size,
                               pci_memory, ram_memory);
     } else {
@@ -183,7 +203,8 @@ static void pc_init1(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
     pc_vga_init(isa_bus, pci_enabled ? pci_bus : NULL);
 
     /* init basic PC hardware */
-    pc_basic_device_init(isa_bus, gsi, &rtc_state, &floppy, xen_enabled());
+    pc_basic_device_init(isa_bus, gsi, &rtc_state, &floppy, xen_enabled(),
+        0x4);
 
     pc_nic_init(isa_bus, pci_bus);
 
@@ -235,8 +256,15 @@ static void pc_init_pci(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     pc_init1(args, 1, 1);
 }
 
+static void pc_compat_1_7(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    smbios_type1_defaults = false;
+    gigabyte_align = false;
+}
+
 static void pc_compat_1_6(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
+    pc_compat_1_7(args);
     has_pci_info = false;
     rom_file_in_ram = false;
     has_acpi_build = false;
@@ -267,6 +295,12 @@ static void pc_compat_1_2(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     disable_kvm_pv_eoi();
 }
 
+static void pc_init_pci_1_7(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    pc_compat_1_7(args);
+    pc_init_pci(args);
+}
+
 static void pc_init_pci_1_6(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
     pc_compat_1_6(args);
@@ -303,6 +337,7 @@ static void pc_init_pci_no_kvmclock(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
     has_pci_info = false;
     has_acpi_build = false;
+    smbios_type1_defaults = false;
     disable_kvm_pv_eoi();
     enable_compat_apic_id_mode();
     pc_init1(args, 1, 0);
@@ -312,6 +347,7 @@ static void pc_init_isa(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
     has_pci_info = false;
     has_acpi_build = false;
+    smbios_type1_defaults = false;
     if (!args->cpu_model) {
         args->cpu_model = "486";
     }
@@ -356,7 +392,11 @@ static QEMUMachine pc_i440fx_machine_v2_0 = {
 static QEMUMachine pc_i440fx_machine_v1_7 = {
     PC_I440FX_1_7_MACHINE_OPTIONS,
     .name = "pc-i440fx-1.7",
-    .init = pc_init_pci,
+    .init = pc_init_pci_1_7,
+    .compat_props = (GlobalProperty[]) {
+        PC_COMPAT_1_7,
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
 };
 
 #define PC_I440FX_1_6_MACHINE_OPTIONS PC_I440FX_MACHINE_OPTIONS
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_q35.c b/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
index 97aa84264c..07f38ff704 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "hw/pci-host/q35.h"
 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
 #include "hw/i386/ich9.h"
+#include "hw/i386/smbios.h"
 #include "hw/ide/pci.h"
 #include "hw/ide/ahci.h"
 #include "hw/usb.h"
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@
 
 static bool has_pci_info;
 static bool has_acpi_build = true;
+static bool smbios_type1_defaults = true;
 
 /* PC hardware initialisation */
 static void pc_q35_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ static void pc_q35_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     /* pci enabled */
     if (pci_enabled) {
         pci_memory = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-        memory_region_init(pci_memory, NULL, "pci", INT64_MAX);
+        memory_region_init(pci_memory, NULL, "pci", UINT64_MAX);
         rom_memory = pci_memory;
     } else {
         pci_memory = NULL;
@@ -113,6 +115,12 @@ static void pc_q35_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     guest_info->isapc_ram_fw = false;
     guest_info->has_acpi_build = has_acpi_build;
 
+    if (smbios_type1_defaults) {
+        /* These values are guest ABI, do not change */
+        smbios_set_type1_defaults("QEMU", "Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009)",
+                                  args->machine->name);
+    }
+
     /* allocate ram and load rom/bios */
     if (!xen_enabled()) {
         pc_memory_init(get_system_memory(),
@@ -182,7 +190,7 @@ static void pc_q35_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     pc_register_ferr_irq(gsi[13]);
 
     /* init basic PC hardware */
-    pc_basic_device_init(isa_bus, gsi, &rtc_state, &floppy, false);
+    pc_basic_device_init(isa_bus, gsi, &rtc_state, &floppy, false, 0xff0104);
 
     /* connect pm stuff to lpc */
     ich9_lpc_pm_init(lpc);
@@ -217,8 +225,14 @@ static void pc_q35_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     }
 }
 
+static void pc_compat_1_7(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    smbios_type1_defaults = false;
+}
+
 static void pc_compat_1_6(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
+    pc_compat_1_7(args);
     has_pci_info = false;
     rom_file_in_ram = false;
     has_acpi_build = false;
@@ -236,6 +250,12 @@ static void pc_compat_1_4(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     x86_cpu_compat_set_features("Westmere", FEAT_1_ECX, 0, CPUID_EXT_PCLMULQDQ);
 }
 
+static void pc_q35_init_1_7(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
+{
+    pc_compat_1_7(args);
+    pc_q35_init(args);
+}
+
 static void pc_q35_init_1_6(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
 {
     pc_compat_1_6(args);
@@ -275,7 +295,11 @@ static QEMUMachine pc_q35_machine_v2_0 = {
 static QEMUMachine pc_q35_machine_v1_7 = {
     PC_Q35_1_7_MACHINE_OPTIONS,
     .name = "pc-q35-1.7",
-    .init = pc_q35_init,
+    .init = pc_q35_init_1_7,
+    .compat_props = (GlobalProperty[]) {
+        PC_Q35_COMPAT_1_7,
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
 };
 
 #define PC_Q35_1_6_MACHINE_OPTIONS PC_Q35_MACHINE_OPTIONS
@@ -285,7 +309,7 @@ static QEMUMachine pc_q35_machine_v1_6 = {
     .name = "pc-q35-1.6",
     .init = pc_q35_init_1_6,
     .compat_props = (GlobalProperty[]) {
-        PC_COMPAT_1_6,
+        PC_Q35_COMPAT_1_6,
         { /* end of list */ }
     },
 };
@@ -295,7 +319,7 @@ static QEMUMachine pc_q35_machine_v1_5 = {
     .name = "pc-q35-1.5",
     .init = pc_q35_init_1_5,
     .compat_props = (GlobalProperty[]) {
-        PC_COMPAT_1_5,
+        PC_Q35_COMPAT_1_5,
         { /* end of list */ }
     },
 };
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
index e917c83540..75a7ebbaa7 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_sysfw.c
@@ -72,35 +72,102 @@ static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
     memory_region_set_readonly(isa_bios, true);
 }
 
-static void pc_system_flash_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory,
-                                 DriveInfo *pflash_drv)
+#define FLASH_MAP_UNIT_MAX 2
+
+/* We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
+ * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
+ * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000[ -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
+ * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
+ * size.
+ */
+#define FLASH_MAP_BASE_MIN ((hwaddr)(0x100000000ULL - 8*1024*1024))
+
+/* This function maps flash drives from 4G downward, in order of their unit
+ * numbers. The mapping starts at unit#0, with unit number increments of 1, and
+ * stops before the first missing flash drive, or before
+ * unit#FLASH_MAP_UNIT_MAX, whichever is reached first.
+ *
+ * Addressing within one flash drive is of course not reversed.
+ *
+ * An error message is printed and the process exits if:
+ * - the size of the backing file for a flash drive is non-positive, or not a
+ *   multiple of the required sector size, or
+ * - the current mapping's base address would fall below FLASH_MAP_BASE_MIN.
+ *
+ * The drive with unit#0 (if available) is mapped at the highest address, and
+ * it is passed to pc_isa_bios_init(). Merging several drives for isa-bios is
+ * not supported.
+ */
+static void pc_system_flash_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory)
 {
+    int unit;
+    DriveInfo *pflash_drv;
     BlockDriverState *bdrv;
     int64_t size;
-    hwaddr phys_addr;
+    char *fatal_errmsg = NULL;
+    hwaddr phys_addr = 0x100000000ULL;
     int sector_bits, sector_size;
     pflash_t *system_flash;
     MemoryRegion *flash_mem;
+    char name[64];
 
-    bdrv = pflash_drv->bdrv;
-    size = bdrv_getlength(pflash_drv->bdrv);
     sector_bits = 12;
     sector_size = 1 << sector_bits;
 
-    if ((size % sector_size) != 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr,
-                "qemu: PC system firmware (pflash) must be a multiple of 0x%x\n",
-                sector_size);
-        exit(1);
+    for (unit = 0;
+         (unit < FLASH_MAP_UNIT_MAX &&
+          (pflash_drv = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, unit)) != NULL);
+         ++unit) {
+        bdrv = pflash_drv->bdrv;
+        size = bdrv_getlength(bdrv);
+        if (size < 0) {
+            fatal_errmsg = g_strdup_printf("failed to get backing file size");
+        } else if (size == 0) {
+            fatal_errmsg = g_strdup_printf("PC system firmware (pflash) "
+                               "cannot have zero size");
+        } else if ((size % sector_size) != 0) {
+            fatal_errmsg = g_strdup_printf("PC system firmware (pflash) "
+                               "must be a multiple of 0x%x", sector_size);
+        } else if (phys_addr < size || phys_addr - size < FLASH_MAP_BASE_MIN) {
+            fatal_errmsg = g_strdup_printf("oversized backing file, pflash "
+                               "segments cannot be mapped under "
+                               TARGET_FMT_plx, FLASH_MAP_BASE_MIN);
+        }
+        if (fatal_errmsg != NULL) {
+            Location loc;
+
+            /* push a new, "none" location on the location stack; overwrite its
+             * contents with the location saved in the option; print the error
+             * (includes location); pop the top
+             */
+            loc_push_none(&loc);
+            if (pflash_drv->opts != NULL) {
+                qemu_opts_loc_restore(pflash_drv->opts);
+            }
+            error_report("%s", fatal_errmsg);
+            loc_pop(&loc);
+            g_free(fatal_errmsg);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        phys_addr -= size;
+
+        /* pflash_cfi01_register() creates a deep copy of the name */
+        snprintf(name, sizeof name, "system.flash%d", unit);
+        system_flash = pflash_cfi01_register(phys_addr, NULL /* qdev */, name,
+                                             size, bdrv, sector_size,
+                                             size >> sector_bits,
+                                             1      /* width */,
+                                             0x0000 /* id0 */,
+                                             0x0000 /* id1 */,
+                                             0x0000 /* id2 */,
+                                             0x0000 /* id3 */,
+                                             0      /* be */);
+        if (unit == 0) {
+            flash_mem = pflash_cfi01_get_memory(system_flash);
+            pc_isa_bios_init(rom_memory, flash_mem, size);
+        }
     }
-
-    phys_addr = 0x100000000ULL - size;
-    system_flash = pflash_cfi01_register(phys_addr, NULL, "system.flash", size,
-                                         bdrv, sector_size, size >> sector_bits,
-                                         1, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0);
-    flash_mem = pflash_cfi01_get_memory(system_flash);
-
-    pc_isa_bios_init(rom_memory, flash_mem, size);
 }
 
 static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
@@ -181,5 +248,5 @@ void pc_system_firmware_init(MemoryRegion *rom_memory, bool isapc_ram_fw)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    pc_system_flash_init(rom_memory, pflash_drv);
+    pc_system_flash_init(rom_memory);
 }
diff --git a/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.dsl b/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.dsl
index 21c89b098b..7934a9ddfb 100644
--- a/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.dsl
+++ b/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.dsl
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ DefinitionBlock (
             }
             Return (0x0B)
         }
-        Method(IQCR, 1, NotSerialized) {
+        Method(IQCR, 1, Serialized) {
             // _CRS method - get current settings
             Name(PRR0, ResourceTemplate() {
                 Interrupt(, Level, ActiveHigh, Shared) { 0 }
@@ -417,11 +417,11 @@ DefinitionBlock (
         Method(_L00) {
         }
         Method(_L01) {
+        }
+        Method(_E02) {
             // CPU hotplug event
             \_SB.PRSC()
         }
-        Method(_L02) {
-        }
         Method(_L03) {
         }
         Method(_L04) {
diff --git a/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.hex.generated b/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
index 32c16ff86f..111ad3e9c2 100644
--- a/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
+++ b/hw/i386/q35-acpi-dsdt.hex.generated
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ static unsigned char Q35AcpiDsdtAmlCode[] = {
 0x0,
 0x0,
 0x1,
-0x6,
+0xfe,
 0x42,
 0x58,
 0x50,
@@ -5338,7 +5338,7 @@ static unsigned char Q35AcpiDsdtAmlCode[] = {
 0x51,
 0x43,
 0x52,
-0x1,
+0x9,
 0x8,
 0x50,
 0x52,
diff --git a/hw/i386/smbios.c b/hw/i386/smbios.c
index d3f1ee65c6..e8f41ad435 100644
--- a/hw/i386/smbios.c
+++ b/hw/i386/smbios.c
@@ -256,6 +256,20 @@ static void smbios_build_type_1_fields(void)
     }
 }
 
+void smbios_set_type1_defaults(const char *manufacturer,
+                               const char *product, const char *version)
+{
+    if (!type1.manufacturer) {
+        type1.manufacturer = manufacturer;
+    }
+    if (!type1.product) {
+        type1.product = product;
+    }
+    if (!type1.version) {
+        type1.version = version;
+    }
+}
+
 uint8_t *smbios_get_table(size_t *length)
 {
     if (!smbios_immutable) {
diff --git a/hw/ide/core.c b/hw/ide/core.c
index e1f4c33fb8..036cd4a6d1 100644
--- a/hw/ide/core.c
+++ b/hw/ide/core.c
@@ -2103,7 +2103,7 @@ int ide_init_drive(IDEState *s, BlockDriverState *bs, IDEDriveKind kind,
     s->smart_selftest_count = 0;
     if (kind == IDE_CD) {
         bdrv_set_dev_ops(bs, &ide_cd_block_ops, s);
-        bdrv_set_buffer_alignment(bs, 2048);
+        bdrv_set_guest_block_size(bs, 2048);
     } else {
         if (!bdrv_is_inserted(s->bs)) {
             error_report("Device needs media, but drive is empty");
diff --git a/hw/ide/piix.c b/hw/ide/piix.c
index ab36749417..9b5960b44e 100644
--- a/hw/ide/piix.c
+++ b/hw/ide/piix.c
@@ -248,7 +248,6 @@ static void piix3_ide_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371SB_1;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_IDE;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo piix3_ide_info = {
@@ -267,7 +266,6 @@ static void piix3_ide_xen_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371SB_1;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_IDE;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->unplug = pci_piix3_xen_ide_unplug;
 }
 
@@ -289,7 +287,6 @@ static void piix4_ide_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371AB;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_IDE;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo piix4_ide_info = {
diff --git a/hw/ide/via.c b/hw/ide/via.c
index 99468c773e..198123b026 100644
--- a/hw/ide/via.c
+++ b/hw/ide/via.c
@@ -225,7 +225,6 @@ static void via_ide_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->revision = 0x06;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_IDE;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo via_ide_info = {
diff --git a/hw/input/pckbd.c b/hw/input/pckbd.c
index ce86237cf3..655b8c5011 100644
--- a/hw/input/pckbd.c
+++ b/hw/input/pckbd.c
@@ -522,7 +522,6 @@ static void i8042_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = i8042_realizefn;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_kbd_isa;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/input/pxa2xx_keypad.c b/hw/input/pxa2xx_keypad.c
index 846d1370de..b90b0ba102 100644
--- a/hw/input/pxa2xx_keypad.c
+++ b/hw/input/pxa2xx_keypad.c
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 struct PXA2xxKeyPadState {
     MemoryRegion iomem;
     qemu_irq    irq;
-    struct  keymap *map;
+    const struct  keymap *map;
     int         pressed_cnt;
     int         alt_code;
 
@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ PXA2xxKeyPadState *pxa27x_keypad_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
     return s;
 }
 
-void pxa27x_register_keypad(PXA2xxKeyPadState *kp, struct keymap *map,
-        int size)
+void pxa27x_register_keypad(PXA2xxKeyPadState *kp,
+                            const struct keymap *map, int size)
 {
     if(!map || size < 0x80) {
         fprintf(stderr, "%s - No PXA keypad map defined\n", __FUNCTION__);
diff --git a/hw/input/vmmouse.c b/hw/input/vmmouse.c
index abd032b794..6a5053352a 100644
--- a/hw/input/vmmouse.c
+++ b/hw/input/vmmouse.c
@@ -282,10 +282,11 @@ static void vmmouse_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = vmmouse_realizefn;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = vmmouse_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_vmmouse;
     dc->props = vmmouse_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "ps2_mouse" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo vmmouse_info = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/Makefile.objs b/hw/intc/Makefile.objs
index 47ac44264c..60eb936e0d 100644
--- a/hw/intc/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/intc/Makefile.objs
@@ -24,3 +24,4 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_OPENPIC_KVM) += openpic_kvm.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SH4) += sh_intc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_XICS) += xics.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_XICS_KVM) += xics_kvm.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ALLWINNER_A10_PIC) += allwinner-a10-pic.o
diff --git a/hw/intc/allwinner-a10-pic.c b/hw/intc/allwinner-a10-pic.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..407d563514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/intc/allwinner-a10-pic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/*
+ * Allwinner A10 interrupt controller device emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Li Guang
+ * Written by Li Guang <lig.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/devices.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "hw/intc/allwinner-a10-pic.h"
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_update(AwA10PICState *s)
+{
+    uint8_t i;
+    int irq = 0, fiq = 0;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM; i++) {
+        irq |= s->irq_pending[i] & ~s->mask[i];
+        fiq |= s->select[i] & s->irq_pending[i] & ~s->mask[i];
+    }
+
+    qemu_set_irq(s->parent_irq, !!irq);
+    qemu_set_irq(s->parent_fiq, !!fiq);
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_set_irq(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
+{
+    AwA10PICState *s = opaque;
+
+    if (level) {
+        set_bit(irq % 32, (void *)&s->irq_pending[irq / 32]);
+    }
+    aw_a10_pic_update(s);
+}
+
+static uint64_t aw_a10_pic_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AwA10PICState *s = opaque;
+    uint8_t index = (offset & 0xc) / 4;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case AW_A10_PIC_VECTOR:
+        return s->vector;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_BASE_ADDR:
+        return s->base_addr;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_PROTECT:
+        return s->protect;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_NMI:
+        return s->nmi;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_IRQ_PENDING ... AW_A10_PIC_IRQ_PENDING + 8:
+        return s->irq_pending[index];
+    case AW_A10_PIC_FIQ_PENDING ... AW_A10_PIC_FIQ_PENDING + 8:
+        return s->fiq_pending[index];
+    case AW_A10_PIC_SELECT ... AW_A10_PIC_SELECT + 8:
+        return s->select[index];
+    case AW_A10_PIC_ENABLE ... AW_A10_PIC_ENABLE + 8:
+        return s->enable[index];
+    case AW_A10_PIC_MASK ... AW_A10_PIC_MASK + 8:
+        return s->mask[index];
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t value,
+                             unsigned size)
+{
+    AwA10PICState *s = opaque;
+    uint8_t index = (offset & 0xc) / 4;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case AW_A10_PIC_VECTOR:
+        s->vector = value & ~0x3;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_BASE_ADDR:
+        s->base_addr = value & ~0x3;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_PROTECT:
+        s->protect = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_NMI:
+        s->nmi = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_IRQ_PENDING ... AW_A10_PIC_IRQ_PENDING + 8:
+        s->irq_pending[index] &= ~value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_FIQ_PENDING ... AW_A10_PIC_FIQ_PENDING + 8:
+        s->fiq_pending[index] &= ~value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_SELECT ... AW_A10_PIC_SELECT + 8:
+        s->select[index] = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_ENABLE ... AW_A10_PIC_ENABLE + 8:
+        s->enable[index] = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIC_MASK ... AW_A10_PIC_MASK + 8:
+        s->mask[index] = value;
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    aw_a10_pic_update(s);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps aw_a10_pic_ops = {
+    .read = aw_a10_pic_read,
+    .write = aw_a10_pic_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+};
+
+static const VMStateDescription vmstate_aw_a10_pic = {
+    .name = "a10.pic",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(vector, AwA10PICState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(base_addr, AwA10PICState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(protect, AwA10PICState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(nmi, AwA10PICState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(irq_pending, AwA10PICState, AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(fiq_pending, AwA10PICState, AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(enable, AwA10PICState, AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(select, AwA10PICState, AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(mask, AwA10PICState, AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AwA10PICState *s = AW_A10_PIC(obj);
+    SysBusDevice *dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
+
+     qdev_init_gpio_in(DEVICE(dev), aw_a10_pic_set_irq, AW_A10_PIC_INT_NR);
+     sysbus_init_irq(dev, &s->parent_irq);
+     sysbus_init_irq(dev, &s->parent_fiq);
+     memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &aw_a10_pic_ops, s,
+                           TYPE_AW_A10_PIC, 0x400);
+     sysbus_init_mmio(dev, &s->iomem);
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_reset(DeviceState *d)
+{
+    AwA10PICState *s = AW_A10_PIC(d);
+    uint8_t i;
+
+    s->base_addr = 0;
+    s->protect = 0;
+    s->nmi = 0;
+    s->vector = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIC_REG_NUM; i++) {
+        s->irq_pending[i] = 0;
+        s->fiq_pending[i] = 0;
+        s->select[i] = 0;
+        s->enable[i] = 0;
+        s->mask[i] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static void aw_a10_pic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->reset = aw_a10_pic_reset;
+    dc->desc = "allwinner a10 pic";
+    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_aw_a10_pic;
+ }
+
+static const TypeInfo aw_a10_pic_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_AW_A10_PIC,
+    .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(AwA10PICState),
+    .instance_init = aw_a10_pic_init,
+    .class_init = aw_a10_pic_class_init,
+};
+
+static void aw_a10_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&aw_a10_pic_info);
+}
+
+type_init(aw_a10_register_types);
diff --git a/hw/intc/apic.c b/hw/intc/apic.c
index a913186ed0..3d3deb6298 100644
--- a/hw/intc/apic.c
+++ b/hw/intc/apic.c
@@ -171,9 +171,9 @@ static void apic_local_deliver(APICCommonState *s, int vector)
     }
 }
 
-void apic_deliver_pic_intr(DeviceState *d, int level)
+void apic_deliver_pic_intr(DeviceState *dev, int level)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     if (level) {
         apic_local_deliver(s, APIC_LVT_LINT0);
@@ -376,9 +376,9 @@ static void apic_update_irq(APICCommonState *s)
     }
 }
 
-void apic_poll_irq(DeviceState *d)
+void apic_poll_irq(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     apic_sync_vapic(s, SYNC_FROM_VAPIC);
     apic_update_irq(s);
@@ -482,9 +482,9 @@ static void apic_startup(APICCommonState *s, int vector_num)
     cpu_interrupt(CPU(s->cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SIPI);
 }
 
-void apic_sipi(DeviceState *d)
+void apic_sipi(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     cpu_reset_interrupt(CPU(s->cpu), CPU_INTERRUPT_SIPI);
 
@@ -494,11 +494,11 @@ void apic_sipi(DeviceState *d)
     s->wait_for_sipi = 0;
 }
 
-static void apic_deliver(DeviceState *d, uint8_t dest, uint8_t dest_mode,
+static void apic_deliver(DeviceState *dev, uint8_t dest, uint8_t dest_mode,
                          uint8_t delivery_mode, uint8_t vector_num,
                          uint8_t trigger_mode)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     uint32_t deliver_bitmask[MAX_APIC_WORDS];
     int dest_shorthand = (s->icr[0] >> 18) & 3;
     APICCommonState *apic_iter;
@@ -551,9 +551,9 @@ static bool apic_check_pic(APICCommonState *s)
     return true;
 }
 
-int apic_get_interrupt(DeviceState *d)
+int apic_get_interrupt(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     int intno;
 
     /* if the APIC is installed or enabled, we let the 8259 handle the
@@ -585,9 +585,9 @@ int apic_get_interrupt(DeviceState *d)
     return intno;
 }
 
-int apic_accept_pic_intr(DeviceState *d)
+int apic_accept_pic_intr(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     uint32_t lvt0;
 
     if (!s)
@@ -657,16 +657,16 @@ static void apic_mem_writew(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
 
 static uint32_t apic_mem_readl(void *opaque, hwaddr addr)
 {
-    DeviceState *d;
+    DeviceState *dev;
     APICCommonState *s;
     uint32_t val;
     int index;
 
-    d = cpu_get_current_apic();
-    if (!d) {
+    dev = cpu_get_current_apic();
+    if (!dev) {
         return 0;
     }
-    s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     index = (addr >> 4) & 0xff;
     switch(index) {
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ static void apic_send_msi(hwaddr addr, uint32_t data)
 
 static void apic_mem_writel(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
 {
-    DeviceState *d;
+    DeviceState *dev;
     APICCommonState *s;
     int index = (addr >> 4) & 0xff;
     if (addr > 0xfff || !index) {
@@ -765,11 +765,11 @@ static void apic_mem_writel(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
         return;
     }
 
-    d = cpu_get_current_apic();
-    if (!d) {
+    dev = cpu_get_current_apic();
+    if (!dev) {
         return;
     }
-    s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     trace_apic_mem_writel(addr, val);
 
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ static void apic_mem_writel(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, uint32_t val)
         break;
     case 0x30:
         s->icr[0] = val;
-        apic_deliver(d, (s->icr[1] >> 24) & 0xff, (s->icr[0] >> 11) & 1,
+        apic_deliver(dev, (s->icr[1] >> 24) & 0xff, (s->icr[0] >> 11) & 1,
                      (s->icr[0] >> 8) & 7, (s->icr[0] & 0xff),
                      (s->icr[0] >> 15) & 1);
         break;
@@ -871,8 +871,10 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps apic_io_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void apic_init(APICCommonState *s)
+static void apic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
+
     memory_region_init_io(&s->io_memory, OBJECT(s), &apic_io_ops, s, "apic-msi",
                           APIC_SPACE_SIZE);
 
@@ -886,7 +888,7 @@ static void apic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     APICCommonClass *k = APIC_COMMON_CLASS(klass);
 
-    k->init = apic_init;
+    k->realize = apic_realize;
     k->set_base = apic_set_base;
     k->set_tpr = apic_set_tpr;
     k->get_tpr = apic_get_tpr;
diff --git a/hw/intc/apic_common.c b/hw/intc/apic_common.c
index a0beb10863..c623fcc6d8 100644
--- a/hw/intc/apic_common.c
+++ b/hw/intc/apic_common.c
@@ -27,21 +27,21 @@
 static int apic_irq_delivered;
 bool apic_report_tpr_access;
 
-void cpu_set_apic_base(DeviceState *d, uint64_t val)
+void cpu_set_apic_base(DeviceState *dev, uint64_t val)
 {
     trace_cpu_set_apic_base(val);
 
-    if (d) {
-        APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    if (dev) {
+        APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
         APICCommonClass *info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
         info->set_base(s, val);
     }
 }
 
-uint64_t cpu_get_apic_base(DeviceState *d)
+uint64_t cpu_get_apic_base(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    if (d) {
-        APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    if (dev) {
+        APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
         trace_cpu_get_apic_base((uint64_t)s->apicbase);
         return s->apicbase;
     } else {
@@ -50,39 +50,39 @@ uint64_t cpu_get_apic_base(DeviceState *d)
     }
 }
 
-void cpu_set_apic_tpr(DeviceState *d, uint8_t val)
+void cpu_set_apic_tpr(DeviceState *dev, uint8_t val)
 {
     APICCommonState *s;
     APICCommonClass *info;
 
-    if (!d) {
+    if (!dev) {
         return;
     }
 
-    s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
 
     info->set_tpr(s, val);
 }
 
-uint8_t cpu_get_apic_tpr(DeviceState *d)
+uint8_t cpu_get_apic_tpr(DeviceState *dev)
 {
     APICCommonState *s;
     APICCommonClass *info;
 
-    if (!d) {
+    if (!dev) {
         return 0;
     }
 
-    s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
 
     return info->get_tpr(s);
 }
 
-void apic_enable_tpr_access_reporting(DeviceState *d, bool enable)
+void apic_enable_tpr_access_reporting(DeviceState *dev, bool enable)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     APICCommonClass *info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
 
     apic_report_tpr_access = enable;
@@ -91,19 +91,19 @@ void apic_enable_tpr_access_reporting(DeviceState *d, bool enable)
     }
 }
 
-void apic_enable_vapic(DeviceState *d, hwaddr paddr)
+void apic_enable_vapic(DeviceState *dev, hwaddr paddr)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     APICCommonClass *info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
 
     s->vapic_paddr = paddr;
     info->vapic_base_update(s);
 }
 
-void apic_handle_tpr_access_report(DeviceState *d, target_ulong ip,
+void apic_handle_tpr_access_report(DeviceState *dev, target_ulong ip,
                                    TPRAccess access)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
 
     vapic_report_tpr_access(s->vapic, CPU(s->cpu), ip, access);
 }
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ int apic_get_irq_delivered(void)
     return apic_irq_delivered;
 }
 
-void apic_deliver_nmi(DeviceState *d)
+void apic_deliver_nmi(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     APICCommonClass *info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
 
     info->external_nmi(s);
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@ bool apic_next_timer(APICCommonState *s, int64_t current_time)
     return true;
 }
 
-void apic_init_reset(DeviceState *d)
+void apic_init_reset(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     int i;
 
     if (!s) {
@@ -203,19 +203,19 @@ void apic_init_reset(DeviceState *d)
     s->timer_expiry = -1;
 }
 
-void apic_designate_bsp(DeviceState *d)
+void apic_designate_bsp(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    if (d == NULL) {
+    if (dev == NULL) {
         return;
     }
 
-    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     s->apicbase |= MSR_IA32_APICBASE_BSP;
 }
 
-static void apic_reset_common(DeviceState *d)
+static void apic_reset_common(DeviceState *dev)
 {
-    APICCommonState *s = DO_UPCAST(APICCommonState, busdev.qdev, d);
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     APICCommonClass *info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
     bool bsp;
 
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static void apic_reset_common(DeviceState *d)
     s->vapic_paddr = 0;
     info->vapic_base_update(s);
 
-    apic_init_reset(d);
+    apic_init_reset(dev);
 
     if (bsp) {
         /*
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ static int apic_load_old(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int apic_init_common(ICCDevice *dev)
+static void apic_common_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
     APICCommonClass *info;
@@ -293,14 +293,16 @@ static int apic_init_common(ICCDevice *dev)
     static bool mmio_registered;
 
     if (apic_no >= MAX_APICS) {
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "%s initialization failed.",
+                   object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)));
+        return;
     }
     s->idx = apic_no++;
 
     info = APIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
-    info->init(s);
+    info->realize(dev, errp);
     if (!mmio_registered) {
-        ICCBus *b = ICC_BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(DEVICE(dev)));
+        ICCBus *b = ICC_BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(dev));
         memory_region_add_subregion(b->apic_address_space, 0, &s->io_memory);
         mmio_registered = true;
     }
@@ -315,7 +317,6 @@ static int apic_init_common(ICCDevice *dev)
         info->enable_tpr_reporting(s, true);
     }
 
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static void apic_dispatch_pre_save(void *opaque)
@@ -386,9 +387,13 @@ static void apic_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_apic_common;
     dc->reset = apic_reset_common;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = apic_properties_common;
-    idc->init = apic_init_common;
+    idc->realize = apic_common_realize;
+    /*
+     * Reason: APIC and CPU need to be wired up by
+     * x86_cpu_apic_create()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo apic_common_type = {
@@ -400,9 +405,9 @@ static const TypeInfo apic_common_type = {
     .abstract = true,
 };
 
-static void register_types(void)
+static void apic_common_register_types(void)
 {
     type_register_static(&apic_common_type);
 }
 
-type_init(register_types)
+type_init(apic_common_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/intc/arm_gic.c b/hw/intc/arm_gic.c
index d431b7a881..9409684ce8 100644
--- a/hw/intc/arm_gic.c
+++ b/hw/intc/arm_gic.c
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ static void gic_set_irq(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 
     if (level) {
         GIC_SET_LEVEL(irq, cm);
-        if (GIC_TEST_TRIGGER(irq) || GIC_TEST_ENABLED(irq, cm)) {
+        if (GIC_TEST_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq) || GIC_TEST_ENABLED(irq, cm)) {
             DPRINTF("Set %d pending mask %x\n", irq, target);
             GIC_SET_PENDING(irq, target);
         }
@@ -168,6 +168,15 @@ uint32_t gic_acknowledge_irq(GICState *s, int cpu)
     return new_irq;
 }
 
+void gic_set_priority(GICState *s, int cpu, int irq, uint8_t val)
+{
+    if (irq < GIC_INTERNAL) {
+        s->priority1[irq][cpu] = val;
+    } else {
+        s->priority2[(irq) - GIC_INTERNAL] = val;
+    }
+}
+
 void gic_complete_irq(GICState *s, int cpu, int irq)
 {
     int update = 0;
@@ -188,7 +197,7 @@ void gic_complete_irq(GICState *s, int cpu, int irq)
         return; /* No active IRQ.  */
     /* Mark level triggered interrupts as pending if they are still
        raised.  */
-    if (!GIC_TEST_TRIGGER(irq) && GIC_TEST_ENABLED(irq, cm)
+    if (!GIC_TEST_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq) && GIC_TEST_ENABLED(irq, cm)
         && GIC_TEST_LEVEL(irq, cm) && (GIC_TARGET(irq) & cm) != 0) {
         DPRINTF("Set %d pending mask %x\n", irq, cm);
         GIC_SET_PENDING(irq, cm);
@@ -311,7 +320,7 @@ static uint32_t gic_dist_readb(void *opaque, hwaddr offset)
         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
             if (GIC_TEST_MODEL(irq + i))
                 res |= (1 << (i * 2));
-            if (GIC_TEST_TRIGGER(irq + i))
+            if (GIC_TEST_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq + i))
                 res |= (2 << (i * 2));
         }
     } else if (offset < 0xfe0) {
@@ -386,7 +395,7 @@ static void gic_dist_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
                 /* If a raised level triggered IRQ enabled then mark
                    is as pending.  */
                 if (GIC_TEST_LEVEL(irq + i, mask)
-                        && !GIC_TEST_TRIGGER(irq + i)) {
+                        && !GIC_TEST_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq + i)) {
                     DPRINTF("Set %d pending mask %x\n", irq + i, mask);
                     GIC_SET_PENDING(irq + i, mask);
                 }
@@ -443,11 +452,7 @@ static void gic_dist_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
         irq = (offset - 0x400) + GIC_BASE_IRQ;
         if (irq >= s->num_irq)
             goto bad_reg;
-        if (irq < GIC_INTERNAL) {
-            s->priority1[irq][cpu] = value;
-        } else {
-            s->priority2[irq - GIC_INTERNAL] = value;
-        }
+        gic_set_priority(s, cpu, irq, value);
     } else if (offset < 0xc00) {
         /* Interrupt CPU Target. RAZ/WI on uniprocessor GICs, with the
          * annoying exception of the 11MPCore's GIC.
@@ -478,9 +483,9 @@ static void gic_dist_writeb(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
                 GIC_CLEAR_MODEL(irq + i);
             }
             if (value & (2 << (i * 2))) {
-                GIC_SET_TRIGGER(irq + i);
+                GIC_SET_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq + i);
             } else {
-                GIC_CLEAR_TRIGGER(irq + i);
+                GIC_CLEAR_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq + i);
             }
         }
     } else {
@@ -704,7 +709,6 @@ static void arm_gic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     ARMGICClass *agc = ARM_GIC_CLASS(klass);
 
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     agc->parent_realize = dc->realize;
     dc->realize = arm_gic_realize;
 }
diff --git a/hw/intc/arm_gic_common.c b/hw/intc/arm_gic_common.c
index c7658508dd..e4fc65028a 100644
--- a/hw/intc/arm_gic_common.c
+++ b/hw/intc/arm_gic_common.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static const VMStateDescription vmstate_gic_irq_state = {
         VMSTATE_UINT8(active, gic_irq_state),
         VMSTATE_UINT8(level, gic_irq_state),
         VMSTATE_BOOL(model, gic_irq_state),
-        VMSTATE_BOOL(trigger, gic_irq_state),
+        VMSTATE_BOOL(edge_trigger, gic_irq_state),
         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
     }
 };
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ static void arm_gic_common_reset(DeviceState *dev)
     }
     for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
         GIC_SET_ENABLED(i, ALL_CPU_MASK);
-        GIC_SET_TRIGGER(i);
+        GIC_SET_EDGE_TRIGGER(i);
     }
     if (s->num_cpu == 1) {
         /* For uniprocessor GICs all interrupts always target the sole CPU */
@@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ static void arm_gic_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->realize = arm_gic_common_realize;
     dc->props = arm_gic_common_properties;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_gic;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo arm_gic_common_type = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/arm_gic_kvm.c b/hw/intc/arm_gic_kvm.c
index f71397542a..59a3da5a6b 100644
--- a/hw/intc/arm_gic_kvm.c
+++ b/hw/intc/arm_gic_kvm.c
@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ static void kvm_arm_gic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     kgc->parent_reset = dc->reset;
     dc->realize = kvm_arm_gic_realize;
     dc->reset = kvm_arm_gic_reset;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo kvm_arm_gic_info = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/etraxfs_pic.c b/hw/intc/etraxfs_pic.c
index e02da533cb..636262b49f 100644
--- a/hw/intc/etraxfs_pic.c
+++ b/hw/intc/etraxfs_pic.c
@@ -170,6 +170,10 @@ static void etraxfs_pic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     k->init = etraxfs_pic_init;
     dc->props = etraxfs_pic_properties;
+    /*
+     * Note: pointer property "interrupt_vector" may remain null, thus
+     * no need for dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
+     */
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo etraxfs_pic_info = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/gic_internal.h b/hw/intc/gic_internal.h
index 3989fd1bd5..8c02d5888c 100644
--- a/hw/intc/gic_internal.h
+++ b/hw/intc/gic_internal.h
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@
 #define GIC_SET_LEVEL(irq, cm) s->irq_state[irq].level = (cm)
 #define GIC_CLEAR_LEVEL(irq, cm) s->irq_state[irq].level &= ~(cm)
 #define GIC_TEST_LEVEL(irq, cm) ((s->irq_state[irq].level & (cm)) != 0)
-#define GIC_SET_TRIGGER(irq) s->irq_state[irq].trigger = true
-#define GIC_CLEAR_TRIGGER(irq) s->irq_state[irq].trigger = false
-#define GIC_TEST_TRIGGER(irq) s->irq_state[irq].trigger
+#define GIC_SET_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq) s->irq_state[irq].edge_trigger = true
+#define GIC_CLEAR_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq) s->irq_state[irq].edge_trigger = false
+#define GIC_TEST_EDGE_TRIGGER(irq) (s->irq_state[irq].edge_trigger)
 #define GIC_GET_PRIORITY(irq, cpu) (((irq) < GIC_INTERNAL) ?            \
                                     s->priority1[irq][cpu] :            \
                                     s->priority2[(irq) - GIC_INTERNAL])
@@ -61,5 +61,6 @@ uint32_t gic_acknowledge_irq(GICState *s, int cpu);
 void gic_complete_irq(GICState *s, int cpu, int irq);
 void gic_update(GICState *s);
 void gic_init_irqs_and_distributor(GICState *s, int num_irq);
+void gic_set_priority(GICState *s, int cpu, int irq, uint8_t val);
 
 #endif /* !QEMU_ARM_GIC_INTERNAL_H */
diff --git a/hw/intc/grlib_irqmp.c b/hw/intc/grlib_irqmp.c
index 42e00bc4b8..d1813f76b6 100644
--- a/hw/intc/grlib_irqmp.c
+++ b/hw/intc/grlib_irqmp.c
@@ -355,6 +355,8 @@ static void grlib_irqmp_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = grlib_irqmp_init;
     dc->reset = grlib_irqmp_reset;
     dc->props = grlib_irqmp_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer properties "set_pil_in", "set_pil_in_opaque" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo grlib_irqmp_info = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/i8259_common.c b/hw/intc/i8259_common.c
index 803d037f68..9d293999be 100644
--- a/hw/intc/i8259_common.c
+++ b/hw/intc/i8259_common.c
@@ -135,9 +135,15 @@ static void pic_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pic_common;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = pic_properties_common;
     dc->realize = pic_common_realize;
+    /*
+     * Reason: unlike ordinary ISA devices, the PICs need additional
+     * wiring: its IRQ input lines are set up by board code, and the
+     * wiring of the slave to the master is hard-coded in device model
+     * code.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo pic_common_type = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/ioapic.c b/hw/intc/ioapic.c
index d866e00297..652dd47a1c 100644
--- a/hw/intc/ioapic.c
+++ b/hw/intc/ioapic.c
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@
 
 static IOAPICCommonState *ioapics[MAX_IOAPICS];
 
+/* global variable from ioapic_common.c */
+extern int ioapic_no;
+
 static void ioapic_service(IOAPICCommonState *s)
 {
     uint8_t i;
@@ -225,14 +228,16 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps ioapic_io_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void ioapic_init(IOAPICCommonState *s, int instance_no)
+static void ioapic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
+    IOAPICCommonState *s = IOAPIC_COMMON(dev);
+
     memory_region_init_io(&s->io_memory, OBJECT(s), &ioapic_io_ops, s,
                           "ioapic", 0x1000);
 
-    qdev_init_gpio_in(DEVICE(s), ioapic_set_irq, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
+    qdev_init_gpio_in(dev, ioapic_set_irq, IOAPIC_NUM_PINS);
 
-    ioapics[instance_no] = s;
+    ioapics[ioapic_no] = s;
 }
 
 static void ioapic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
@@ -240,7 +245,7 @@ static void ioapic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     IOAPICCommonClass *k = IOAPIC_COMMON_CLASS(klass);
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
-    k->init = ioapic_init;
+    k->realize = ioapic_realize;
     dc->reset = ioapic_reset_common;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/intc/ioapic_common.c b/hw/intc/ioapic_common.c
index 6b705c1546..4d3d309b62 100644
--- a/hw/intc/ioapic_common.c
+++ b/hw/intc/ioapic_common.c
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@
 #include "hw/i386/ioapic_internal.h"
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
 
+/* ioapic_no count start from 0 to MAX_IOAPICS,
+ * remove as static variable from ioapic_common_init.
+ * now as a global variable, let child to increase the counter
+ * then we can drop the 'instance_no' argument
+ * and convert to our QOM's realize function
+ */
+int ioapic_no;
+
 void ioapic_reset_common(DeviceState *dev)
 {
     IOAPICCommonState *s = IOAPIC_COMMON(dev);
@@ -61,7 +69,6 @@ static void ioapic_common_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     IOAPICCommonState *s = IOAPIC_COMMON(dev);
     IOAPICCommonClass *info;
-    static int ioapic_no;
 
     if (ioapic_no >= MAX_IOAPICS) {
         error_setg(errp, "Only %d ioapics allowed", MAX_IOAPICS);
@@ -69,7 +76,7 @@ static void ioapic_common_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     }
 
     info = IOAPIC_COMMON_GET_CLASS(s);
-    info->init(s, ioapic_no);
+    info->realize(dev, errp);
 
     sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s), &s->io_memory);
     ioapic_no++;
@@ -98,7 +105,6 @@ static void ioapic_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->realize = ioapic_common_realize;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_ioapic_common;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo ioapic_common_type = {
@@ -110,9 +116,9 @@ static const TypeInfo ioapic_common_type = {
     .abstract = true,
 };
 
-static void register_types(void)
+static void ioapic_common_register_types(void)
 {
     type_register_static(&ioapic_common_type);
 }
 
-type_init(register_types)
+type_init(ioapic_common_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/intc/omap_intc.c b/hw/intc/omap_intc.c
index 7dd63da802..ad3931c112 100644
--- a/hw/intc/omap_intc.c
+++ b/hw/intc/omap_intc.c
@@ -392,6 +392,8 @@ static void omap_intc_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = omap_intc_init;
     dc->reset = omap_inth_reset;
     dc->props = omap_intc_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "clk" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo omap_intc_info = {
@@ -637,6 +639,8 @@ static void omap2_intc_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = omap2_intc_init;
     dc->reset = omap_inth_reset;
     dc->props = omap2_intc_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "iclk", "fclk" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo omap2_intc_info = {
diff --git a/hw/intc/pl190.c b/hw/intc/pl190.c
index 329680da3a..2bf359a76b 100644
--- a/hw/intc/pl190.c
+++ b/hw/intc/pl190.c
@@ -273,7 +273,6 @@ static void pl190_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = pl190_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = pl190_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pl190;
 }
diff --git a/hw/intc/xics.c b/hw/intc/xics.c
index a333305d3d..b437563fb9 100644
--- a/hw/intc/xics.c
+++ b/hw/intc/xics.c
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ static void rtas_set_xive(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t nr, server, priority;
 
     if ((nargs != 3) || (nret != 1)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -733,13 +733,13 @@ static void rtas_set_xive(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
 
     if (!ics_valid_irq(ics, nr) || (server >= ics->icp->nr_servers)
         || (priority > 0xff)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     ics_write_xive(ics, nr, server, priority, priority);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_get_xive(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -751,18 +751,18 @@ static void rtas_get_xive(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t nr;
 
     if ((nargs != 1) || (nret != 3)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     nr = rtas_ld(args, 0);
 
     if (!ics_valid_irq(ics, nr)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].server);
     rtas_st(rets, 2, ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].priority);
 }
@@ -776,21 +776,21 @@ static void rtas_int_off(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t nr;
 
     if ((nargs != 1) || (nret != 1)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     nr = rtas_ld(args, 0);
 
     if (!ics_valid_irq(ics, nr)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     ics_write_xive(ics, nr, ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].server, 0xff,
                    ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].priority);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_int_on(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -802,14 +802,14 @@ static void rtas_int_on(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t nr;
 
     if ((nargs != 1) || (nret != 1)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     nr = rtas_ld(args, 0);
 
     if (!ics_valid_irq(ics, nr)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -817,7 +817,7 @@ static void rtas_int_on(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
                    ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].saved_priority,
                    ics->irqs[nr - ics->offset].saved_priority);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/hw/isa/isa-bus.c b/hw/isa/isa-bus.c
index 9e104eb9a7..55d01008d3 100644
--- a/hw/isa/isa-bus.c
+++ b/hw/isa/isa-bus.c
@@ -197,7 +197,6 @@ static void isabus_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->fw_name = "isa";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo isabus_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/isa/lpc_ich9.c b/hw/isa/lpc_ich9.c
index 19b2198fa6..51ce12dad6 100644
--- a/hw/isa/lpc_ich9.c
+++ b/hw/isa/lpc_ich9.c
@@ -644,14 +644,17 @@ static void ich9_lpc_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->reset = ich9_lpc_reset;
     k->init = ich9_lpc_initfn;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_ich9_lpc;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     k->config_write = ich9_lpc_config_write;
     dc->desc = "ICH9 LPC bridge";
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_ICH9_8;
     k->revision = ICH9_A2_LPC_REVISION;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_ISA;
-
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of ICH9 southbridge, needs to be wired up by
+     * pc_q35_init()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo ich9_lpc_info = {
diff --git a/hw/isa/piix4.c b/hw/isa/piix4.c
index 1a1d4518ce..def6fe3a0f 100644
--- a/hw/isa/piix4.c
+++ b/hw/isa/piix4.c
@@ -113,8 +113,12 @@ static void piix4_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371AB_0;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_ISA;
     dc->desc = "ISA bridge";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_piix4;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of PIIX4 southbridge, needs to be wired up,
+     * e.g. by mips_malta_init()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo piix4_info = {
diff --git a/hw/isa/vt82c686.c b/hw/isa/vt82c686.c
index 5fb808630f..e639357db3 100644
--- a/hw/isa/vt82c686.c
+++ b/hw/isa/vt82c686.c
@@ -480,8 +480,12 @@ static void via_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_ISA;
     k->revision = 0x40;
     dc->desc = "ISA bridge";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_via;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of VIA VT82C686 southbridge, needs to be wired up,
+     * e.g. by mips_fulong2e_init()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo via_info = {
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/Makefile.objs b/hw/microblaze/Makefile.objs
index c65e2aabf1..b2517d87fe 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/microblaze/Makefile.objs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 obj-y += petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.o
 obj-y += petalogix_ml605_mmu.o
 obj-y += boot.o
-obj-y += pic_cpu.o
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/boot.c b/hw/microblaze/boot.c
index 2a7ea5c0f9..48d9e7afa4 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/boot.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/boot.c
@@ -79,19 +79,19 @@ static int microblaze_load_dtb(hwaddr addr,
     }
 
     if (kernel_cmdline) {
-        r = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
-                                                        kernel_cmdline);
+        r = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
+                                    kernel_cmdline);
         if (r < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
         }
     }
 
     if (initrd_start) {
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
-                                  initrd_start);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
+                              initrd_start);
 
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
-                                  initrd_end);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
+                              initrd_end);
     }
 
     cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, fdt_size);
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
index 10970e0f3f..1a87756246 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@
 #include "hw/ssi.h"
 
 #include "boot.h"
-#include "pic_cpu.h"
 
 #include "hw/stream.h"
 
@@ -82,20 +81,18 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     Object *ds, *cs;
     MicroBlazeCPU *cpu;
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
-    CPUMBState *env;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
     int i;
     hwaddr ddr_base = MEMORY_BASEADDR;
     MemoryRegion *phys_lmb_bram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     MemoryRegion *phys_ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    qemu_irq irq[32], *cpu_irq;
+    qemu_irq irq[32];
 
     /* init CPUs */
     if (cpu_model == NULL) {
         cpu_model = "microblaze";
     }
     cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
-    env = &cpu->env;
 
     /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
     memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL, "petalogix_ml605.lmb_bram",
@@ -117,8 +114,8 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
                           2, 0x89, 0x18, 0x0000, 0x0, 0);
 
 
-    cpu_irq = microblaze_pic_init_cpu(env);
-    dev = xilinx_intc_create(INTC_BASEADDR, cpu_irq[0], 4);
+    dev = xilinx_intc_create(INTC_BASEADDR, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(cpu),
+                             MB_CPU_IRQ), 4);
     for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
         irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, i);
     }
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
index ec6489c2d3..f50021506c 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
 
 #include "boot.h"
-#include "pic_cpu.h"
 
 #define LMB_BRAM_SIZE  (128 * 1024)
 #define FLASH_SIZE     (16 * 1024 * 1024)
@@ -63,13 +62,12 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     const char *cpu_model = args->cpu_model;
     DeviceState *dev;
     MicroBlazeCPU *cpu;
-    CPUMBState *env;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
     int i;
     hwaddr ddr_base = MEMORY_BASEADDR;
     MemoryRegion *phys_lmb_bram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     MemoryRegion *phys_ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
-    qemu_irq irq[32], *cpu_irq;
+    qemu_irq irq[32];
     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
 
     /* init CPUs */
@@ -77,7 +75,6 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
         cpu_model = "microblaze";
     }
     cpu = cpu_mb_init(cpu_model);
-    env = &cpu->env;
 
     /* Attach emulated BRAM through the LMB.  */
     memory_region_init_ram(phys_lmb_bram, NULL,
@@ -96,8 +93,8 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
                           FLASH_SIZE >> 16,
                           1, 0x89, 0x18, 0x0000, 0x0, 1);
 
-    cpu_irq = microblaze_pic_init_cpu(env);
-    dev = xilinx_intc_create(INTC_BASEADDR, cpu_irq[0], 0xA);
+    dev = xilinx_intc_create(INTC_BASEADDR, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(cpu),
+                             MB_CPU_IRQ), 0xA);
     for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
         irq[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, i);
     }
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.c b/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 16902f7880..0000000000
--- a/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * QEMU MicroBlaze CPU interrupt wrapper logic.
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2009 Edgar E. Iglesias, Axis Communications AB.
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
- * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include "hw/hw.h"
-#include "pic_cpu.h"
-
-#define D(x)
-
-static void microblaze_pic_cpu_handler(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
-{
-    MicroBlazeCPU *cpu = opaque;
-    CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
-    int type = irq ? CPU_INTERRUPT_NMI : CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD;
-
-    if (level) {
-        cpu_interrupt(cs, type);
-    } else {
-        cpu_reset_interrupt(cs, type);
-    }
-}
-
-qemu_irq *microblaze_pic_init_cpu(CPUMBState *env)
-{
-    return qemu_allocate_irqs(microblaze_pic_cpu_handler, mb_env_get_cpu(env),
-                              2);
-}
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.h b/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 43090a48ef..0000000000
--- a/hw/microblaze/pic_cpu.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef MICROBLAZE_PIC_CPU_H
-#define MICROBLAZE_PIC_CPU_H
-
-#include "qemu-common.h"
-
-qemu_irq *microblaze_pic_init_cpu(CPUMBState *env);
-
-#endif /*  MICROBLAZE_PIC_CPU_H */
diff --git a/hw/mips/gt64xxx_pci.c b/hw/mips/gt64xxx_pci.c
index 3da2e67098..6398514c99 100644
--- a/hw/mips/gt64xxx_pci.c
+++ b/hw/mips/gt64xxx_pci.c
@@ -1151,12 +1151,18 @@ static int gt64120_pci_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void gt64120_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = gt64120_pci_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_MARVELL;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_MARVELL_GT6412X;
     k->revision = 0x10;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo gt64120_pci_info = {
diff --git a/hw/misc/arm_l2x0.c b/hw/misc/arm_l2x0.c
index 8e192cdf83..9e220c9a56 100644
--- a/hw/misc/arm_l2x0.c
+++ b/hw/misc/arm_l2x0.c
@@ -179,7 +179,6 @@ static void l2x0_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     k->init = l2x0_priv_init;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_l2x0;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = l2x0_properties;
     dc->reset = l2x0_priv_reset;
 }
diff --git a/hw/misc/exynos4210_pmu.c b/hw/misc/exynos4210_pmu.c
index cbf0795c0a..5ec14d1c86 100644
--- a/hw/misc/exynos4210_pmu.c
+++ b/hw/misc/exynos4210_pmu.c
@@ -383,8 +383,7 @@ static const Exynos4210PmuReg exynos4210_pmu_regs[] = {
     {"GPS_ALIVE_OPTION", GPS_ALIVE_OPTION, 0x00000001},
 };
 
-#define PMU_NUM_OF_REGISTERS     \
-    (sizeof(exynos4210_pmu_regs) / sizeof(Exynos4210PmuReg))
+#define PMU_NUM_OF_REGISTERS ARRAY_SIZE(exynos4210_pmu_regs)
 
 #define TYPE_EXYNOS4210_PMU "exynos4210.pmu"
 #define EXYNOS4210_PMU(obj) \
diff --git a/hw/misc/vmport.c b/hw/misc/vmport.c
index 0b5a5644e4..cd5716a46d 100644
--- a/hw/misc/vmport.c
+++ b/hw/misc/vmport.c
@@ -162,7 +162,8 @@ static void vmport_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = vmport_realizefn;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
+    /* Reason: realize sets global port_state */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo vmport_info = {
diff --git a/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c b/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
index 78ebbbca72..6a3c86db48 100644
--- a/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
+++ b/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
@@ -646,6 +646,8 @@ static void etraxfs_eth_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     k->init = fs_eth_init;
     dc->props = etraxfs_eth_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer properties "dma_out", "dma_in" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo etraxfs_eth_info = {
diff --git a/hw/net/lance.c b/hw/net/lance.c
index e339f029b7..fe18564e1e 100644
--- a/hw/net/lance.c
+++ b/hw/net/lance.c
@@ -161,6 +161,8 @@ static void lance_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->reset = lance_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_lance;
     dc->props = lance_properties;
+    /* Reason: pointer property "dma" */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo lance_info = {
diff --git a/hw/net/virtio-net.c b/hw/net/virtio-net.c
index d312b9c83c..36266083b2 100644
--- a/hw/net/virtio-net.c
+++ b/hw/net/virtio-net.c
@@ -1491,16 +1491,14 @@ void virtio_net_set_netclient_name(VirtIONet *n, const char *name,
     n->netclient_type = g_strdup(type);
 }
 
-static int virtio_net_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_net_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    int i;
-
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIONet *n = VIRTIO_NET(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIONet *n = VIRTIO_NET(dev);
     NetClientState *nc;
+    int i;
 
-    virtio_init(VIRTIO_DEVICE(n), "virtio-net", VIRTIO_ID_NET,
-                                  n->config_size);
+    virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-net", VIRTIO_ID_NET, n->config_size);
 
     n->max_queues = MAX(n->nic_conf.queues, 1);
     n->vqs = g_malloc0(sizeof(VirtIONetQueue) * n->max_queues);
@@ -1540,7 +1538,7 @@ static int virtio_net_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
                               n->netclient_type, n->netclient_name, n);
     } else {
         n->nic = qemu_new_nic(&net_virtio_info, &n->nic_conf,
-                              object_get_typename(OBJECT(qdev)), qdev->id, n);
+                              object_get_typename(OBJECT(dev)), dev->id, n);
     }
 
     peer_test_vnet_hdr(n);
@@ -1567,24 +1565,23 @@ static int virtio_net_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     nc = qemu_get_queue(n->nic);
     nc->rxfilter_notify_enabled = 1;
 
-    n->qdev = qdev;
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-net", -1, VIRTIO_NET_VM_VERSION,
+    n->qdev = dev;
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-net", -1, VIRTIO_NET_VM_VERSION,
                     virtio_net_save, virtio_net_load, n);
 
-    add_boot_device_path(n->nic_conf.bootindex, qdev, "/ethernet-phy@0");
-    return 0;
+    add_boot_device_path(n->nic_conf.bootindex, dev, "/ethernet-phy@0");
 }
 
-static int virtio_net_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_net_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIONet *n = VIRTIO_NET(qdev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIONet *n = VIRTIO_NET(dev);
     int i;
 
     /* This will stop vhost backend if appropriate. */
     virtio_net_set_status(vdev, 0);
 
-    unregister_savevm(qdev, "virtio-net", n);
+    unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-net", n);
 
     if (n->netclient_name) {
         g_free(n->netclient_name);
@@ -1615,8 +1612,6 @@ static int virtio_net_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
     g_free(n->vqs);
     qemu_del_nic(n->nic);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static void virtio_net_instance_init(Object *obj)
@@ -1643,10 +1638,11 @@ static void virtio_net_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_net_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_net_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_NETWORK, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_net_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_net_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_net_device_unrealize;
     vdc->get_config = virtio_net_get_config;
     vdc->set_config = virtio_net_set_config;
     vdc->get_features = virtio_net_get_features;
diff --git a/hw/net/xilinx_axienet.c b/hw/net/xilinx_axienet.c
index 3eb7715c22..0bd5eda199 100644
--- a/hw/net/xilinx_axienet.c
+++ b/hw/net/xilinx_axienet.c
@@ -980,26 +980,21 @@ static void xilinx_enet_init(Object *obj)
 {
     XilinxAXIEnet *s = XILINX_AXI_ENET(obj);
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
-    Error *errp = NULL;
 
     object_property_add_link(obj, "axistream-connected", TYPE_STREAM_SLAVE,
-                             (Object **) &s->tx_data_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                             (Object **) &s->tx_data_dev, &error_abort);
     object_property_add_link(obj, "axistream-control-connected",
                              TYPE_STREAM_SLAVE,
-                             (Object **) &s->tx_control_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                             (Object **) &s->tx_control_dev, &error_abort);
 
     object_initialize(&s->rx_data_dev, sizeof(s->rx_data_dev),
                       TYPE_XILINX_AXI_ENET_DATA_STREAM);
     object_initialize(&s->rx_control_dev, sizeof(s->rx_control_dev),
                       TYPE_XILINX_AXI_ENET_CONTROL_STREAM);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), "axistream-connected-target",
-                              (Object *)&s->rx_data_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                              (Object *)&s->rx_data_dev, &error_abort);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), "axistream-control-connected-target",
-                              (Object *)&s->rx_control_dev, &errp);
-    assert_no_error(errp);
+                              (Object *)&s->rx_control_dev, &error_abort);
 
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq);
 
diff --git a/hw/nvram/fw_cfg.c b/hw/nvram/fw_cfg.c
index f5dc3ea845..ee96c1681b 100644
--- a/hw/nvram/fw_cfg.c
+++ b/hw/nvram/fw_cfg.c
@@ -599,7 +599,6 @@ static void fw_cfg_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = fw_cfg_realize;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = fw_cfg_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_fw_cfg;
     dc->props = fw_cfg_properties;
diff --git a/hw/nvram/spapr_nvram.c b/hw/nvram/spapr_nvram.c
index beaad682ac..635713e766 100644
--- a/hw/nvram/spapr_nvram.c
+++ b/hw/nvram/spapr_nvram.c
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ static void rtas_nvram_fetch(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     void *membuf;
 
     if ((nargs != 3) || (nret != 2)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     if (!nvram) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         rtas_st(rets, 1, 0);
         return;
     }
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static void rtas_nvram_fetch(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
 
     if (((offset + len) < offset)
         || ((offset + len) > nvram->size)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         rtas_st(rets, 1, 0);
         return;
     }
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static void rtas_nvram_fetch(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     }
     cpu_physical_memory_unmap(membuf, len, 1, len);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, (alen < len) ? -1 : 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, (alen < len) ? RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR : RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, (alen < 0) ? 0 : alen);
 }
 
@@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ static void rtas_nvram_store(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     void *membuf;
 
     if ((nargs != 3) || (nret != 2)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     if (!nvram) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static void rtas_nvram_store(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
 
     if (((offset + len) < offset)
         || ((offset + len) > nvram->size)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ static void rtas_nvram_store(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     }
     cpu_physical_memory_unmap(membuf, len, 0, len);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, (alen < len) ? -1 : 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, (alen < len) ? RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR : RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, (alen < 0) ? 0 : alen);
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/pci-bridge/dec.c b/hw/pci-bridge/dec.c
index e5e3be829f..a6ca940d55 100644
--- a/hw/pci-bridge/dec.c
+++ b/hw/pci-bridge/dec.c
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ static int dec_21154_pci_host_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void dec_21154_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = dec_21154_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_DEC;
@@ -123,6 +124,11 @@ static void dec_21154_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->revision = 0x02;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_PCI;
     k->is_bridge = 1;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo dec_21154_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/apb.c b/hw/pci-host/apb.c
index 92f289f8f9..1b399ddbc3 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/apb.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/apb.c
@@ -516,11 +516,17 @@ static int pbm_pci_host_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void pbm_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = pbm_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_SUN;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_SUN_SABRE;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo pbm_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/bonito.c b/hw/pci-host/bonito.c
index 5086d42c13..902441f10b 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/bonito.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/bonito.c
@@ -806,8 +806,12 @@ static void bonito_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->revision = 0x01;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
     dc->desc = "Host bridge";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_bonito;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo bonito_info = {
@@ -819,11 +823,9 @@ static const TypeInfo bonito_info = {
 
 static void bonito_pcihost_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = bonito_pcihost_initfn;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo bonito_pcihost_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/grackle.c b/hw/pci-host/grackle.c
index 4991ec44b0..6c7cfdbeb2 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/grackle.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/grackle.c
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ PCIBus *pci_grackle_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq *pic,
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000ULL,
                                 &d->pci_hole);
 
-    phb->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, "pci",
+    phb->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, NULL,
                                 pci_grackle_set_irq,
                                 pci_grackle_map_irq,
                                 pic,
@@ -130,7 +130,11 @@ static void grackle_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_MOTOROLA_MPC106;
     k->revision  = 0x00;
     k->class_id  = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo grackle_pci_info = {
@@ -143,10 +147,8 @@ static const TypeInfo grackle_pci_info = {
 static void pci_grackle_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = pci_grackle_init_device;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo grackle_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/piix.c b/hw/pci-host/piix.c
index edc974ece3..e89d5c1dfa 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/piix.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/piix.c
@@ -103,8 +103,6 @@ struct PCII440FXState {
     MemoryRegion *system_memory;
     MemoryRegion *pci_address_space;
     MemoryRegion *ram_memory;
-    MemoryRegion pci_hole;
-    MemoryRegion pci_hole_64bit;
     PAMMemoryRegion pam_regions[13];
     MemoryRegion smram_region;
     uint8_t smm_enabled;
@@ -313,8 +311,7 @@ PCIBus *i440fx_init(PCII440FXState **pi440fx_state,
                     MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
                     MemoryRegion *address_space_io,
                     ram_addr_t ram_size,
-                    hwaddr pci_hole_start,
-                    hwaddr pci_hole_size,
+                    ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size,
                     ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size,
                     MemoryRegion *pci_address_space,
                     MemoryRegion *ram_memory)
@@ -327,7 +324,6 @@ PCIBus *i440fx_init(PCII440FXState **pi440fx_state,
     PCII440FXState *f;
     unsigned i;
     I440FXState *i440fx;
-    uint64_t pci_hole64_size;
 
     dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE);
     s = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
@@ -345,33 +341,12 @@ PCIBus *i440fx_init(PCII440FXState **pi440fx_state,
     f->ram_memory = ram_memory;
 
     i440fx = I440FX_PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
-    /* Set PCI window size the way seabios has always done it. */
-    /* Power of 2 so bios can cover it with a single MTRR */
-    if (ram_size <= 0x80000000) {
-        i440fx->pci_info.w32.begin = 0x80000000;
-    } else if (ram_size <= 0xc0000000) {
-        i440fx->pci_info.w32.begin = 0xc0000000;
-    } else {
-        i440fx->pci_info.w32.begin = 0xe0000000;
-    }
+    i440fx->pci_info.w32.begin = below_4g_mem_size;
+
+    /* setup pci memory mapping */
+    pc_pci_as_mapping_init(OBJECT(f), f->system_memory,
+                           f->pci_address_space);
 
-    memory_region_init_alias(&f->pci_hole, OBJECT(d), "pci-hole", f->pci_address_space,
-                             pci_hole_start, pci_hole_size);
-    memory_region_add_subregion(f->system_memory, pci_hole_start, &f->pci_hole);
-
-    pci_hole64_size = pci_host_get_hole64_size(i440fx->pci_hole64_size);
-
-    pc_init_pci64_hole(&i440fx->pci_info, 0x100000000ULL + above_4g_mem_size,
-                       pci_hole64_size);
-    memory_region_init_alias(&f->pci_hole_64bit, OBJECT(d), "pci-hole64",
-                             f->pci_address_space,
-                             i440fx->pci_info.w64.begin,
-                             pci_hole64_size);
-    if (pci_hole64_size) {
-        memory_region_add_subregion(f->system_memory,
-                                    i440fx->pci_info.w64.begin,
-                                    &f->pci_hole_64bit);
-    }
     memory_region_init_alias(&f->smram_region, OBJECT(d), "smram-region",
                              f->pci_address_space, 0xa0000, 0x20000);
     memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(f->system_memory, 0xa0000,
@@ -653,7 +628,6 @@ static void piix3_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->desc        = "ISA bridge";
     dc->vmsd        = &vmstate_piix3;
-    dc->no_user     = 1,
     k->no_hotplug   = 1;
     k->init         = piix3_initfn;
     k->config_write = piix3_write_config;
@@ -661,6 +635,11 @@ static void piix3_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     /* 82371SB PIIX3 PCI-to-ISA bridge (Step A1) */
     k->device_id    = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371SB_0;
     k->class_id     = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_ISA;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of PIIX3 southbridge, needs to be wired up by
+     * pc_piix.c's pc_init1()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo piix3_info = {
@@ -677,7 +656,6 @@ static void piix3_xen_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->desc        = "ISA bridge";
     dc->vmsd        = &vmstate_piix3;
-    dc->no_user     = 1;
     k->no_hotplug   = 1;
     k->init         = piix3_initfn;
     k->config_write = piix3_write_config_xen;
@@ -685,6 +663,11 @@ static void piix3_xen_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     /* 82371SB PIIX3 PCI-to-ISA bridge (Step A1) */
     k->device_id    = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_82371SB_0;
     k->class_id     = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_ISA;
+    /*
+     * Reason: part of PIIX3 southbridge, needs to be wired up by
+     * pc_piix.c's pc_init1()
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 };
 
 static const TypeInfo piix3_xen_info = {
@@ -707,8 +690,12 @@ static void i440fx_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->revision = 0x02;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
     dc->desc = "Host bridge";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_i440fx;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo i440fx_info = {
@@ -745,7 +732,6 @@ static void i440fx_pcihost_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     hc->root_bus_path = i440fx_pcihost_root_bus_path;
     dc->realize = i440fx_pcihost_realize;
     dc->fw_name = "pci";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = i440fx_props;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/ppce500.c b/hw/pci-host/ppce500.c
index f00793d819..c80b7cb2f5 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/ppce500.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/ppce500.c
@@ -387,6 +387,11 @@ static void e500_host_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_MPC8533E;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_PROCESSOR_POWERPC;
     dc->desc = "Host bridge";
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo e500_host_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/prep.c b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
index 0e71fdbfb1..042dc8f225 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/prep.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/prep.c
@@ -198,7 +198,11 @@ static void raven_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
     dc->desc = "PReP Host Bridge - Motorola Raven";
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_raven;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo raven_info = {
@@ -215,7 +219,6 @@ static void raven_pcihost_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_BRIDGE, dc->categories);
     dc->realize = raven_pcihost_realizefn;
     dc->fw_name = "pci";
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo raven_pcihost_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/q35.c b/hw/pci-host/q35.c
index c043998e32..4bc2e0118e 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/q35.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/q35.c
@@ -356,28 +356,11 @@ static int mch_init(PCIDevice *d)
 {
     int i;
     MCHPCIState *mch = MCH_PCI_DEVICE(d);
-    uint64_t pci_hole64_size;
-
-    /* setup pci memory regions */
-    memory_region_init_alias(&mch->pci_hole, OBJECT(mch), "pci-hole",
-                             mch->pci_address_space,
-                             mch->below_4g_mem_size,
-                             0x100000000ULL - mch->below_4g_mem_size);
-    memory_region_add_subregion(mch->system_memory, mch->below_4g_mem_size,
-                                &mch->pci_hole);
-
-    pci_hole64_size = pci_host_get_hole64_size(mch->pci_hole64_size);
-    pc_init_pci64_hole(&mch->pci_info, 0x100000000ULL + mch->above_4g_mem_size,
-                       pci_hole64_size);
-    memory_region_init_alias(&mch->pci_hole_64bit, OBJECT(mch), "pci-hole64",
-                             mch->pci_address_space,
-                             mch->pci_info.w64.begin,
-                             pci_hole64_size);
-    if (pci_hole64_size) {
-        memory_region_add_subregion(mch->system_memory,
-                                    mch->pci_info.w64.begin,
-                                    &mch->pci_hole_64bit);
-    }
+
+    /* setup pci memory mapping */
+    pc_pci_as_mapping_init(OBJECT(mch), mch->system_memory,
+                           mch->pci_address_space);
+
     /* smram */
     cpu_smm_register(&mch_set_smm, mch);
     memory_region_init_alias(&mch->smram_region, OBJECT(mch), "smram-region",
@@ -420,6 +403,11 @@ static void mch_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_INTEL_Q35_MCH;
     k->revision = MCH_HOST_BRIDGE_REVISION_DEFAULT;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo mch_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/uninorth.c b/hw/pci-host/uninorth.c
index 91530cdd04..e72fe2a70b 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/uninorth.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/uninorth.c
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ PCIBus *pci_pmac_init(qemu_irq *pic,
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000ULL,
                                 &d->pci_hole);
 
-    h->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, "pci",
+    h->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, NULL,
                               pci_unin_set_irq, pci_unin_map_irq,
                               pic,
                               &d->pci_mmio,
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ PCIBus *pci_pmac_u3_init(qemu_irq *pic,
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000ULL,
                                 &d->pci_hole);
 
-    h->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, "pci",
+    h->bus = pci_register_bus(dev, NULL,
                               pci_unin_set_irq, pci_unin_map_irq,
                               pic,
                               &d->pci_mmio,
@@ -351,12 +351,18 @@ static int unin_internal_pci_host_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void unin_main_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init      = unin_main_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_PCI;
     k->revision  = 0x00;
     k->class_id  = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo unin_main_pci_host_info = {
@@ -369,12 +375,18 @@ static const TypeInfo unin_main_pci_host_info = {
 static void u3_agp_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init      = u3_agp_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_U3_AGP;
     k->revision  = 0x00;
     k->class_id  = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo u3_agp_pci_host_info = {
@@ -387,12 +399,18 @@ static const TypeInfo u3_agp_pci_host_info = {
 static void unin_agp_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init      = unin_agp_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_AGP;
     k->revision  = 0x00;
     k->class_id  = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo unin_agp_pci_host_info = {
@@ -405,12 +423,18 @@ static const TypeInfo unin_agp_pci_host_info = {
 static void unin_internal_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init      = unin_internal_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_APPLE;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLE_UNI_N_I_PCI;
     k->revision  = 0x00;
     k->class_id  = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo unin_internal_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci-host/versatile.c b/hw/pci-host/versatile.c
index 6b28929d26..71ff0de303 100644
--- a/hw/pci-host/versatile.c
+++ b/hw/pci-host/versatile.c
@@ -467,11 +467,17 @@ static int versatile_pci_host_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void versatile_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = versatile_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_XILINX;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_XILINX_XC2VP30;
     k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_PROCESSOR_CO;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo versatile_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
index 49eca955aa..aa2a395499 100644
--- a/hw/pci/pci.c
+++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 static void pcibus_dev_print(Monitor *mon, DeviceState *dev, int indent);
 static char *pcibus_get_dev_path(DeviceState *dev);
 static char *pcibus_get_fw_dev_path(DeviceState *dev);
-static int pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus);
+static void pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus);
 static void pci_bus_finalize(Object *obj);
 
 static Property pci_props[] = {
@@ -167,16 +167,10 @@ void pci_device_deassert_intx(PCIDevice *dev)
     }
 }
 
-/*
- * This function is called on #RST and FLR.
- * FLR if PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_BCR_FLR is set
- */
-void pci_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
+static void pci_do_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
 {
     int r;
 
-    qdev_reset_all(&dev->qdev);
-
     dev->irq_state = 0;
     pci_update_irq_status(dev);
     pci_device_deassert_intx(dev);
@@ -209,30 +203,34 @@ void pci_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
 }
 
 /*
+ * This function is called on #RST and FLR.
+ * FLR if PCI_EXP_DEVCTL_BCR_FLR is set
+ */
+void pci_device_reset(PCIDevice *dev)
+{
+    qdev_reset_all(&dev->qdev);
+    pci_do_device_reset(dev);
+}
+
+/*
  * Trigger pci bus reset under a given bus.
- * To be called on RST# assert.
+ * Called via qbus_reset_all on RST# assert, after the devices
+ * have been reset qdev_reset_all-ed already.
  */
-void pci_bus_reset(PCIBus *bus)
+static void pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus)
 {
+    PCIBus *bus = DO_UPCAST(PCIBus, qbus, qbus);
     int i;
 
-    for (i = 0; i < bus->nirq; i++) {
-        bus->irq_count[i] = 0;
-    }
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus->devices); ++i) {
         if (bus->devices[i]) {
-            pci_device_reset(bus->devices[i]);
+            pci_do_device_reset(bus->devices[i]);
         }
     }
-}
-
-static int pcibus_reset(BusState *qbus)
-{
-    pci_bus_reset(DO_UPCAST(PCIBus, qbus, qbus));
 
-    /* topology traverse is done by pci_bus_reset().
-       Tell qbus/qdev walker not to traverse the tree */
-    return 1;
+    for (i = 0; i < bus->nirq; i++) {
+        assert(bus->irq_count[i] == 0);
+    }
 }
 
 static void pci_host_bus_register(PCIBus *bus, DeviceState *parent)
@@ -1330,7 +1328,7 @@ static const pci_class_desc pci_class_descriptions[] =
     { 0x0601, "ISA bridge", "isa"},
     { 0x0602, "EISA bridge", "eisa"},
     { 0x0603, "MC bridge", "mca"},
-    { 0x0604, "PCI bridge", "pci"},
+    { 0x0604, "PCI bridge", "pci-bridge"},
     { 0x0605, "PCMCIA bridge", "pcmcia"},
     { 0x0606, "NUBUS bridge", "nubus"},
     { 0x0607, "CARDBUS bridge", "cardbus"},
diff --git a/hw/pci/pci_bridge.c b/hw/pci/pci_bridge.c
index 290ababb8b..4becdc14b8 100644
--- a/hw/pci/pci_bridge.c
+++ b/hw/pci/pci_bridge.c
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ void pci_bridge_write_config(PCIDevice *d,
     newctl = pci_get_word(d->config + PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL);
     if (~oldctl & newctl & PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET) {
         /* Trigger hot reset on 0->1 transition. */
-        pci_bus_reset(&s->sec_bus);
+        qbus_reset_all(&s->sec_bus.qbus);
     }
 }
 
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ int pci_bridge_initfn(PCIDevice *dev, const char *typename)
     sec_bus->parent_dev = dev;
     sec_bus->map_irq = br->map_irq ? br->map_irq : pci_swizzle_map_irq_fn;
     sec_bus->address_space_mem = &br->address_space_mem;
-    memory_region_init(&br->address_space_mem, OBJECT(br), "pci_bridge_pci", INT64_MAX);
+    memory_region_init(&br->address_space_mem, OBJECT(br), "pci_bridge_pci", UINT64_MAX);
     sec_bus->address_space_io = &br->address_space_io;
     memory_region_init(&br->address_space_io, OBJECT(br), "pci_bridge_io", 65536);
     br->windows = pci_bridge_region_init(br);
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ void pci_bridge_exitfn(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
     pci_bridge_region_cleanup(s, s->windows);
     memory_region_destroy(&s->address_space_mem);
     memory_region_destroy(&s->address_space_io);
-    /* qbus_free() is called automatically during device deletion */
+    /* object_unparent() is called automatically during device deletion */
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/hw/ppc/e500.c b/hw/ppc/e500.c
index cfdd84b969..b37ce9d633 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/e500.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/e500.c
@@ -108,18 +108,18 @@ static void dt_serial_create(void *fdt, unsigned long long offset,
     char ser[128];
 
     snprintf(ser, sizeof(ser), "%s/serial@%llx", soc, offset);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, ser);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, ser, "device_type", "serial");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, ser, "compatible", "ns16550");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, ser, "reg", offset, 0x100);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, ser, "cell-index", idx);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, ser, "clock-frequency", 0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, ser, "interrupts", 42, 2);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_phandle(fdt, ser, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/aliases", alias, ser);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, ser);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, ser, "device_type", "serial");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, ser, "compatible", "ns16550");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, ser, "reg", offset, 0x100);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, ser, "cell-index", idx);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, ser, "clock-frequency", 0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, ser, "interrupts", 42, 2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_phandle(fdt, ser, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/aliases", alias, ser);
 
     if (defcon) {
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,stdout-path", ser);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,stdout-path", ser);
     }
 }
 
@@ -183,30 +183,30 @@ static int ppce500_load_device_tree(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
     }
 
     /* Manipulate device tree in memory. */
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 2);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 2);
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/memory");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/memory", "device_type", "memory");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
-                         sizeof(mem_reg_property));
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/memory");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/memory", "device_type", "memory");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
+                     sizeof(mem_reg_property));
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
     if (initrd_size) {
-        ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
-                                        initrd_base);
+        ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
+                                    initrd_base);
         if (ret < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
         }
 
-        ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
-                                        (initrd_base + initrd_size));
+        ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
+                                    (initrd_base + initrd_size));
         if (ret < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
         }
     }
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
                                       args->kernel_cmdline);
     if (ret < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
@@ -217,22 +217,22 @@ static int ppce500_load_device_tree(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
         tb_freq = kvmppc_get_tbfreq();
 
         /* indicate KVM hypercall interface */
-        qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/hypervisor");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/hypervisor", "compatible",
-                                    "linux,kvm");
+        qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/hypervisor");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/hypervisor", "compatible",
+                                "linux,kvm");
         kvmppc_get_hypercall(env, hypercall, sizeof(hypercall));
-        qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/hypervisor", "hcall-instructions",
-                             hypercall, sizeof(hypercall));
+        qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/hypervisor", "hcall-instructions",
+                         hypercall, sizeof(hypercall));
         /* if KVM supports the idle hcall, set property indicating this */
         if (kvmppc_get_hasidle(env)) {
-            qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/hypervisor", "has-idle", NULL, 0);
+            qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/hypervisor", "has-idle", NULL, 0);
         }
     }
 
     /* Create CPU nodes */
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/cpus");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 1);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/cpus");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 1);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0);
 
     /* We need to generate the cpu nodes in reverse order, so Linux can pick
        the first node as boot node and be happy */
@@ -249,55 +249,56 @@ static int ppce500_load_device_tree(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
 
         snprintf(cpu_name, sizeof(cpu_name), "/cpus/PowerPC,8544@%x",
                  cpu->cpu_index);
-        qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, cpu_name);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "clock-frequency", clock_freq);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "timebase-frequency", tb_freq);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "device_type", "cpu");
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "reg", cpu->cpu_index);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "d-cache-line-size",
-                                  env->dcache_line_size);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "i-cache-line-size",
-                                  env->icache_line_size);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "d-cache-size", 0x8000);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "i-cache-size", 0x8000);
-        qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "bus-frequency", 0);
+        qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, cpu_name);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "clock-frequency", clock_freq);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "timebase-frequency", tb_freq);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "device_type", "cpu");
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "reg", cpu->cpu_index);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "d-cache-line-size",
+                              env->dcache_line_size);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "i-cache-line-size",
+                              env->icache_line_size);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "d-cache-size", 0x8000);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "i-cache-size", 0x8000);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "bus-frequency", 0);
         if (cpu->cpu_index) {
-            qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "status", "disabled");
-            qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "enable-method", "spin-table");
-            qemu_devtree_setprop_u64(fdt, cpu_name, "cpu-release-addr",
-                                     cpu_release_addr);
+            qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "status", "disabled");
+            qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "enable-method",
+                                    "spin-table");
+            qemu_fdt_setprop_u64(fdt, cpu_name, "cpu-release-addr",
+                                 cpu_release_addr);
         } else {
-            qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "status", "okay");
+            qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "status", "okay");
         }
     }
 
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, "/aliases");
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/aliases");
     /* XXX These should go into their respective devices' code */
     snprintf(soc, sizeof(soc), "/soc@%llx", MPC8544_CCSRBAR_BASE);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, soc);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, soc, "device_type", "soc");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, soc, "compatible", compatible_sb,
-                         sizeof(compatible_sb));
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "#address-cells", 1);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "#size-cells", 1);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, soc, "ranges", 0x0,
-                               MPC8544_CCSRBAR_BASE >> 32, MPC8544_CCSRBAR_BASE,
-                               MPC8544_CCSRBAR_SIZE);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, soc);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, soc, "device_type", "soc");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, soc, "compatible", compatible_sb,
+                     sizeof(compatible_sb));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "#address-cells", 1);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "#size-cells", 1);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, soc, "ranges", 0x0,
+                           MPC8544_CCSRBAR_BASE >> 32, MPC8544_CCSRBAR_BASE,
+                           MPC8544_CCSRBAR_SIZE);
     /* XXX should contain a reasonable value */
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "bus-frequency", 0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, soc, "bus-frequency", 0);
 
     snprintf(mpic, sizeof(mpic), "%s/pic@%llx", soc, MPC8544_MPIC_REGS_OFFSET);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, mpic);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, mpic, "device_type", "open-pic");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, mpic, "compatible", "fsl,mpic");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, mpic, "reg", MPC8544_MPIC_REGS_OFFSET,
-                               0x40000);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "#address-cells", 0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "#interrupt-cells", 2);
-    mpic_ph = qemu_devtree_alloc_phandle(fdt);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "phandle", mpic_ph);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "linux,phandle", mpic_ph);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, mpic, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, mpic);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, mpic, "device_type", "open-pic");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, mpic, "compatible", "fsl,mpic");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, mpic, "reg", MPC8544_MPIC_REGS_OFFSET,
+                           0x40000);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "#address-cells", 0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "#interrupt-cells", 2);
+    mpic_ph = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(fdt);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "phandle", mpic_ph);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, mpic, "linux,phandle", mpic_ph);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, mpic, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
 
     /*
      * We have to generate ser1 first, because Linux takes the first
@@ -311,19 +312,19 @@ static int ppce500_load_device_tree(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
 
     snprintf(gutil, sizeof(gutil), "%s/global-utilities@%llx", soc,
              MPC8544_UTIL_OFFSET);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, gutil);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, gutil, "compatible", "fsl,mpc8544-guts");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, gutil, "reg", MPC8544_UTIL_OFFSET, 0x1000);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, gutil, "fsl,has-rstcr", NULL, 0);
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, gutil);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, gutil, "compatible", "fsl,mpc8544-guts");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, gutil, "reg", MPC8544_UTIL_OFFSET, 0x1000);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, gutil, "fsl,has-rstcr", NULL, 0);
 
     snprintf(msi, sizeof(msi), "/%s/msi@%llx", soc, MPC8544_MSI_REGS_OFFSET);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, msi);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, msi, "compatible", "fsl,mpic-msi");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "reg", MPC8544_MSI_REGS_OFFSET, 0x200);
-    msi_ph = qemu_devtree_alloc_phandle(fdt);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "msi-available-ranges", 0x0, 0x100);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_phandle(fdt, msi, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "interrupts",
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, msi);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, msi, "compatible", "fsl,mpic-msi");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "reg", MPC8544_MSI_REGS_OFFSET, 0x200);
+    msi_ph = qemu_fdt_alloc_phandle(fdt);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "msi-available-ranges", 0x0, 0x100);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_phandle(fdt, msi, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, msi, "interrupts",
         0xe0, 0x0,
         0xe1, 0x0,
         0xe2, 0x0,
@@ -332,46 +333,46 @@ static int ppce500_load_device_tree(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args,
         0xe5, 0x0,
         0xe6, 0x0,
         0xe7, 0x0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, msi, "phandle", msi_ph);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, msi, "linux,phandle", msi_ph);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, msi, "phandle", msi_ph);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, msi, "linux,phandle", msi_ph);
 
     snprintf(pci, sizeof(pci), "/pci@%llx", MPC8544_PCI_REGS_BASE);
-    qemu_devtree_add_subnode(fdt, pci);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "cell-index", 0);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, pci, "compatible", "fsl,mpc8540-pci");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, pci, "device_type", "pci");
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "interrupt-map-mask", 0xf800, 0x0,
-                               0x0, 0x7);
-    pci_map = pci_map_create(fdt, qemu_devtree_get_phandle(fdt, mpic),
+    qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, pci);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "cell-index", 0);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, pci, "compatible", "fsl,mpc8540-pci");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, pci, "device_type", "pci");
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "interrupt-map-mask", 0xf800, 0x0,
+                           0x0, 0x7);
+    pci_map = pci_map_create(fdt, qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, mpic),
                              params->pci_first_slot, params->pci_nr_slots,
                              &len);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, pci, "interrupt-map", pci_map, len);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_phandle(fdt, pci, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "interrupts", 24, 2);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "bus-range", 0, 255);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, pci, "interrupt-map", pci_map, len);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_phandle(fdt, pci, "interrupt-parent", mpic);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "interrupts", 24, 2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "bus-range", 0, 255);
     for (i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
         pci_ranges[i] = cpu_to_be32(pci_ranges[i]);
     }
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "fsl,msi", msi_ph);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, pci, "ranges", pci_ranges, sizeof(pci_ranges));
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "reg", MPC8544_PCI_REGS_BASE >> 32,
-                               MPC8544_PCI_REGS_BASE, 0, 0x1000);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "clock-frequency", 66666666);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#size-cells", 2);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#address-cells", 3);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/aliases", "pci0", pci);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "fsl,msi", msi_ph);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, pci, "ranges", pci_ranges, sizeof(pci_ranges));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, pci, "reg", MPC8544_PCI_REGS_BASE >> 32,
+                           MPC8544_PCI_REGS_BASE, 0, 0x1000);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "clock-frequency", 66666666);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#size-cells", 2);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, pci, "#address-cells", 3);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/aliases", "pci0", pci);
 
     params->fixup_devtree(params, fdt);
 
     if (toplevel_compat) {
-        qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", toplevel_compat,
-                             strlen(toplevel_compat) + 1);
+        qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", toplevel_compat,
+                         strlen(toplevel_compat) + 1);
     }
 
 done:
     if (!dry_run) {
-        qemu_devtree_dumpdtb(fdt, fdt_size);
+        qemu_fdt_dumpdtb(fdt, fdt_size);
         cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, fdt_size);
     }
     ret = fdt_size;
diff --git a/hw/ppc/e500plat.c b/hw/ppc/e500plat.c
index 2e964b2474..7d5357e83b 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/e500plat.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/e500plat.c
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ static void e500plat_fixup_devtree(PPCE500Params *params, void *fdt)
     const char model[] = "QEMU ppce500";
     const char compatible[] = "fsl,qemu-e500";
 
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/", "model", model, sizeof(model));
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", compatible,
-                         sizeof(compatible));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/", "model", model, sizeof(model));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", compatible,
+                     sizeof(compatible));
 }
 
 static void e500plat_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mpc8544ds.c b/hw/ppc/mpc8544ds.c
index edcc0be5f7..292c70953b 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mpc8544ds.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mpc8544ds.c
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ static void mpc8544ds_fixup_devtree(PPCE500Params *params, void *fdt)
     const char model[] = "MPC8544DS";
     const char compatible[] = "MPC8544DS\0MPC85xxDS";
 
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/", "model", model, sizeof(model));
-    qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", compatible,
-                         sizeof(compatible));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/", "model", model, sizeof(model));
+    qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/", "compatible", compatible,
+                     sizeof(compatible));
 }
 
 static void mpc8544ds_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
index 67597dfb88..ec15bab0b5 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
@@ -77,23 +77,23 @@ static int bamboo_load_device_tree(hwaddr addr,
 
     /* Manipulate device tree in memory. */
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
-                               sizeof(mem_reg_property));
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/memory", "reg", mem_reg_property,
+                           sizeof(mem_reg_property));
     if (ret < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /memory/reg\n");
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
-                                    initrd_base);
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-start",
+                                initrd_base);
     if (ret < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-start\n");
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
-                                    (initrd_base + initrd_size));
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
+                                (initrd_base + initrd_size));
     if (ret < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/linux,initrd-end\n");
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
-                                      kernel_cmdline);
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs",
+                                  kernel_cmdline);
     if (ret < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
 
@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@ static int bamboo_load_device_tree(hwaddr addr,
         clock_freq = kvmppc_get_clockfreq();
     }
 
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus/cpu@0", "clock-frequency",
-                              clock_freq);
-    qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus/cpu@0", "timebase-frequency",
-                              tb_freq);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus/cpu@0", "clock-frequency",
+                          clock_freq);
+    qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus/cpu@0", "timebase-frequency",
+                          tb_freq);
 
     rom_add_blob_fixed(BINARY_DEVICE_TREE_FILE, fdt, fdt_size, addr);
     g_free(fdt);
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc4xx_pci.c b/hw/ppc/ppc4xx_pci.c
index d2d6f65e6c..4cb78518a3 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc4xx_pci.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc4xx_pci.c
@@ -380,6 +380,11 @@ static void ppc4xx_host_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->vendor_id    = PCI_VENDOR_ID_IBM;
     k->device_id    = PCI_DEVICE_ID_IBM_440GX;
     k->class_id     = PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo ppc4xx_host_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr.c b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
index 7e53a5f977..93d02c1e50 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
@@ -526,14 +526,15 @@ static int spapr_populate_memory(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, void *fdt)
                                 cpu_to_be32(0x0), cpu_to_be32(0x0),
                                 cpu_to_be32(0x0)};
     char mem_name[32];
-    hwaddr node0_size, mem_start;
+    hwaddr node0_size, mem_start, node_size;
     uint64_t mem_reg_property[2];
     int i, off;
 
     /* memory node(s) */
-    node0_size = (nb_numa_nodes > 1) ? node_mem[0] : ram_size;
-    if (spapr->rma_size > node0_size) {
-        spapr->rma_size = node0_size;
+    if (nb_numa_nodes > 1 && node_mem[0] < ram_size) {
+        node0_size = node_mem[0];
+    } else {
+        node0_size = ram_size;
     }
 
     /* RMA */
@@ -566,7 +567,15 @@ static int spapr_populate_memory(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, void *fdt)
     mem_start = node0_size;
     for (i = 1; i < nb_numa_nodes; i++) {
         mem_reg_property[0] = cpu_to_be64(mem_start);
-        mem_reg_property[1] = cpu_to_be64(node_mem[i]);
+        if (mem_start >= ram_size) {
+            node_size = 0;
+        } else {
+            node_size = node_mem[i];
+            if (node_size > ram_size - mem_start) {
+                node_size = ram_size - mem_start;
+            }
+        }
+        mem_reg_property[1] = cpu_to_be64(node_size);
         associativity[3] = associativity[4] = cpu_to_be32(i);
         sprintf(mem_name, "memory@" TARGET_FMT_lx, mem_start);
         off = fdt_add_subnode(fdt, 0, mem_name);
@@ -576,7 +585,7 @@ static int spapr_populate_memory(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, void *fdt)
                           sizeof(mem_reg_property))));
         _FDT((fdt_setprop(fdt, off, "ibm,associativity", associativity,
                           sizeof(associativity))));
-        mem_start += node_mem[i];
+        mem_start += node_size;
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -688,7 +697,8 @@ static void spapr_reset_htab(sPAPREnvironment *spapr)
 
     /* Update the RMA size if necessary */
     if (spapr->vrma_adjust) {
-        spapr->rma_size = kvmppc_rma_size(ram_size, spapr->htab_shift);
+        hwaddr node0_size = (nb_numa_nodes > 1) ? node_mem[0] : ram_size;
+        spapr->rma_size = kvmppc_rma_size(node0_size, spapr->htab_shift);
     }
 }
 
@@ -739,18 +749,10 @@ static void spapr_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 static void spapr_create_nvram(sPAPREnvironment *spapr)
 {
     DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(&spapr->vio_bus->bus, "spapr-nvram");
-    const char *drivename = qemu_opt_get(qemu_get_machine_opts(), "nvram");
-
-    if (drivename) {
-        BlockDriverState *bs;
+    DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0);
 
-        bs = bdrv_find(drivename);
-        if (!bs) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "No such block device \"%s\" for nvram\n",
-                    drivename);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        qdev_prop_set_drive_nofail(dev, "drive", bs);
+    if (dinfo) {
+        qdev_prop_set_drive_nofail(dev, "drive", dinfo->bdrv);
     }
 
     qdev_init_nofail(dev);
@@ -1113,6 +1115,7 @@ static void ppc_spapr_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
     MemoryRegion *ram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     hwaddr rma_alloc_size;
+    hwaddr node0_size = (nb_numa_nodes > 1) ? node_mem[0] : ram_size;
     uint32_t initrd_base = 0;
     long kernel_size = 0, initrd_size = 0;
     long load_limit, rtas_limit, fw_size;
@@ -1134,10 +1137,10 @@ static void ppc_spapr_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    if (rma_alloc_size && (rma_alloc_size < ram_size)) {
+    if (rma_alloc_size && (rma_alloc_size < node0_size)) {
         spapr->rma_size = rma_alloc_size;
     } else {
-        spapr->rma_size = ram_size;
+        spapr->rma_size = node0_size;
 
         /* With KVM, we don't actually know whether KVM supports an
          * unbounded RMA (PR KVM) or is limited by the hash table size
@@ -1154,6 +1157,12 @@ static void ppc_spapr_init(QEMUMachineInitArgs *args)
         }
     }
 
+    if (spapr->rma_size > node0_size) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Error: Numa node 0 has to span the RMA (%#08"HWADDR_PRIx")\n",
+                spapr->rma_size);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
     /* We place the device tree and RTAS just below either the top of the RMA,
      * or just below 2GB, whichever is lowere, so that it can be
      * processed with 32-bit real mode code if necessary */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr_events.c b/hw/ppc/spapr_events.c
index a69390e54e..16fa49e886 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr_events.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr_events.c
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ static void check_exception(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint64_t xinfo;
 
     if ((nargs < 6) || (nargs > 7) || nret != 1) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -306,9 +306,9 @@ static void check_exception(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         cpu_physical_memory_write(buf, pending_epow, len);
         g_free(pending_epow);
         pending_epow = NULL;
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     } else {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_NO_ERRORS_FOUND);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr_pci.c b/hw/ppc/spapr_pci.c
index edb4cb0413..ec00300884 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr_pci.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr_pci.c
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static void finish_read_pci_config(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, uint64_t buid,
 
     if ((size != 1) && (size != 2) && (size != 4)) {
         /* access must be 1, 2 or 4 bytes */
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ static void finish_read_pci_config(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, uint64_t buid,
     if (!pci_dev || (addr % size) || (addr >= pci_config_size(pci_dev))) {
         /* Access must be to a valid device, within bounds and
          * naturally aligned */
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     val = pci_host_config_read_common(pci_dev, addr,
                                       pci_config_size(pci_dev), size);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, val);
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_read_pci_config(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t size, addr;
 
     if ((nargs != 4) || (nret != 2)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ static void rtas_read_pci_config(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t size, addr;
 
     if ((nargs != 2) || (nret != 2)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ static void finish_write_pci_config(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, uint64_t buid,
 
     if ((size != 1) && (size != 2) && (size != 4)) {
         /* access must be 1, 2 or 4 bytes */
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -167,14 +167,14 @@ static void finish_write_pci_config(sPAPREnvironment *spapr, uint64_t buid,
     if (!pci_dev || (addr % size) || (addr >= pci_config_size(pci_dev))) {
         /* Access must be to a valid device, within bounds and
          * naturally aligned */
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     pci_host_config_write_common(pci_dev, addr, pci_config_size(pci_dev),
                                  val, size);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_ibm_write_pci_config(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_write_pci_config(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t val, size, addr;
 
     if ((nargs != 5) || (nret != 1)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ static void rtas_write_pci_config(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t val, size, addr;
 
     if ((nargs != 3) || (nret != 1)) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         break;
     default:
         fprintf(stderr, "rtas_ibm_change_msi(%u) is not implemented\n", func);
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3); /* Parameter error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         pdev = find_dev(spapr, buid, config_addr);
     }
     if (!phb || !pdev) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3); /* Parameter error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -312,11 +312,11 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         ndev = spapr_msicfg_find(phb, config_addr, false);
         if (ndev < 0) {
             trace_spapr_pci_msi("MSI has not been enabled", -1, config_addr);
-            rtas_st(rets, 0, -1); /* Hardware error */
+            rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
             return;
         }
         trace_spapr_pci_msi("Released MSIs", ndev, config_addr);
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
         rtas_st(rets, 1, 0);
         return;
     }
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     ndev = spapr_msicfg_find(phb, config_addr, true);
     if (ndev >= SPAPR_MSIX_MAX_DEVS || ndev < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "No free entry for a new MSI device\n");
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1); /* Hardware error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
     trace_spapr_pci_msi("Configuring MSI", ndev, config_addr);
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     if (phb->msi_table[ndev].nvec && (req_num != phb->msi_table[ndev].nvec)) {
         /* Unexpected behaviour */
         fprintf(stderr, "Cannot reuse MSI config for device#%d", ndev);
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1); /* Hardware error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
                                        ret_intr_type == RTAS_TYPE_MSI);
         if (irq < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate MSIs for device#%d", ndev);
-            rtas_st(rets, 0, -1); /* Hardware error */
+            rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
             return;
         }
         phb->msi_table[ndev].irq = irq;
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_change_msi(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     spapr_msi_setmsg(pdev, spapr->msi_win_addr, ret_intr_type == RTAS_TYPE_MSIX,
                      phb->msi_table[ndev].irq, req_num);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, req_num);
     rtas_st(rets, 2, ++seq_num);
     rtas_st(rets, 3, ret_intr_type);
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_query_interrupt_source_number(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
     /* Fins sPAPRPHBState */
     phb = find_phb(spapr, buid);
     if (!phb) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3); /* Parameter error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_query_interrupt_source_number(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
     ndev = spapr_msicfg_find(phb, config_addr, false);
     if (ndev < 0) {
         trace_spapr_pci_msi("MSI has not been enabled", -1, config_addr);
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1); /* Hardware error */
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ static void rtas_ibm_query_interrupt_source_number(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
     trace_spapr_pci_rtas_ibm_query_interrupt_source_number(ioa_intr_num,
                                                            intr_src_num);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, intr_src_num);
     rtas_st(rets, 2, 1);/* 0 == level; 1 == edge */
 }
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ static int spapr_phb_init(SysBusDevice *s)
 
     /* Initialize memory regions */
     sprintf(namebuf, "%s.mmio", sphb->dtbusname);
-    memory_region_init(&sphb->memspace, OBJECT(sphb), namebuf, INT64_MAX);
+    memory_region_init(&sphb->memspace, OBJECT(sphb), namebuf, UINT64_MAX);
 
     sprintf(namebuf, "%s.mmio-alias", sphb->dtbusname);
     memory_region_init_alias(&sphb->memwindow, OBJECT(sphb),
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.c b/hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.c
index eb542f218a..1cb276de05 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr_rtas.c
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ static void rtas_display_character(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     VIOsPAPRDevice *sdev = vty_lookup(spapr, 0);
 
     if (!sdev) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
     } else {
         vty_putchars(sdev, &c, sizeof(c));
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     }
 }
 
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ static void rtas_get_time_of_day(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     struct tm tm;
 
     if (nret != 8) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     qemu_get_timedate(&tm, spapr->rtc_offset);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
     rtas_st(rets, 1, tm.tm_year + 1900);
     rtas_st(rets, 2, tm.tm_mon + 1);
     rtas_st(rets, 3, tm.tm_mday);
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ static void rtas_set_time_of_day(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     rtc_change_mon_event(&tm);
     spapr->rtc_offset = qemu_timedate_diff(&tm);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0); /* Success */
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_power_off(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ static void rtas_power_off(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
                            uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
 {
     if (nargs != 2 || nret != 1) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
     qemu_system_shutdown_request();
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_system_reboot(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ static void rtas_system_reboot(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
                                uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
 {
     if (nargs != 0 || nret != 1) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
     qemu_system_reset_request();
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state(PowerPCCPU *cpu_,
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ static void rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state(PowerPCCPU *cpu_,
     CPUState *cpu;
 
     if (nargs != 1 || nret != 2) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ static void rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state(PowerPCCPU *cpu_,
             rtas_st(rets, 1, 2);
         }
 
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
         return;
     }
 
     /* Didn't find a matching cpu */
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
 }
 
 static void rtas_start_cpu(PowerPCCPU *cpu_, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ static void rtas_start_cpu(PowerPCCPU *cpu_, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     CPUState *cs;
 
     if (nargs != 3 || nret != 1) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ static void rtas_start_cpu(PowerPCCPU *cpu_, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         CPUPPCState *env = &cpu->env;
 
         if (!cs->halted) {
-            rtas_st(rets, 0, -1);
+            rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_HW_ERROR);
             return;
         }
 
@@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ static void rtas_start_cpu(PowerPCCPU *cpu_, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
 
         qemu_cpu_kick(cs);
 
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
         return;
     }
 
     /* Didn't find a matching cpu */
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
 }
 
 static void rtas_stop_self(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -224,6 +224,49 @@ static void rtas_stop_self(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     env->msr = 0;
 }
 
+#define DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE        42
+
+static void rtas_ibm_get_system_parameter(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
+                                          sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
+                                          uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
+                                          target_ulong args,
+                                          uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
+{
+    target_ulong parameter = rtas_ld(args, 0);
+    target_ulong buffer = rtas_ld(args, 1);
+    target_ulong length = rtas_ld(args, 2);
+    target_ulong ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+    switch (parameter) {
+    case DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE:
+        if (length == 1) {
+            rtas_st(buffer, 0, 0);
+            ret = RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, ret);
+}
+
+static void rtas_ibm_set_system_parameter(PowerPCCPU *cpu,
+                                          sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
+                                          uint32_t token, uint32_t nargs,
+                                          target_ulong args,
+                                          uint32_t nret, target_ulong rets)
+{
+    target_ulong parameter = rtas_ld(args, 0);
+    target_ulong ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+
+    switch (parameter) {
+    case DIAGNOSTICS_RUN_MODE:
+        ret = RTAS_OUT_NOT_AUTHORIZED;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, ret);
+}
+
 static struct rtas_call {
     const char *name;
     spapr_rtas_fn fn;
@@ -255,7 +298,7 @@ target_ulong spapr_rtas_call(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     }
 
     hcall_dprintf("Unknown RTAS token 0x%x\n", token);
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
     return H_PARAMETER;
 }
 
@@ -291,24 +334,24 @@ int spapr_rtas_device_tree_setup(void *fdt, hwaddr rtas_addr,
         return ret;
     }
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "linux,rtas-base",
-                                    rtas_addr);
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "linux,rtas-base",
+                                rtas_addr);
     if (ret < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't add linux,rtas-base property: %s\n",
                 fdt_strerror(ret));
         return ret;
     }
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "linux,rtas-entry",
-                                    rtas_addr);
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "linux,rtas-entry",
+                                rtas_addr);
     if (ret < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't add linux,rtas-entry property: %s\n",
                 fdt_strerror(ret));
         return ret;
     }
 
-    ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "rtas-size",
-                                    rtas_size);
+    ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", "rtas-size",
+                                rtas_size);
     if (ret < 0) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't add rtas-size property: %s\n",
                 fdt_strerror(ret));
@@ -322,8 +365,8 @@ int spapr_rtas_device_tree_setup(void *fdt, hwaddr rtas_addr,
             continue;
         }
 
-        ret = qemu_devtree_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", call->name,
-                                        i + TOKEN_BASE);
+        ret = qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/rtas", call->name,
+                                    i + TOKEN_BASE);
         if (ret < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't add rtas token for %s: %s\n",
                     call->name, fdt_strerror(ret));
@@ -345,6 +388,10 @@ static void core_rtas_register_types(void)
                         rtas_query_cpu_stopped_state);
     spapr_rtas_register("start-cpu", rtas_start_cpu);
     spapr_rtas_register("stop-self", rtas_stop_self);
+    spapr_rtas_register("ibm,get-system-parameter",
+                        rtas_ibm_get_system_parameter);
+    spapr_rtas_register("ibm,set-system-parameter",
+                        rtas_ibm_set_system_parameter);
 }
 
 type_init(core_rtas_register_types)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr_vio.c b/hw/ppc/spapr_vio.c
index a6a0a5113c..4e33f462d9 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr_vio.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr_vio.c
@@ -331,25 +331,25 @@ static void rtas_set_tce_bypass(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     uint32_t unit, enable;
 
     if (nargs != 2) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
     unit = rtas_ld(args, 0);
     enable = rtas_ld(args, 1);
     dev = spapr_vio_find_by_reg(bus, unit);
     if (!dev) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     if (!dev->tcet) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
     spapr_tce_set_bypass(dev->tcet, !!enable);
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static void rtas_quiesce(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ static void rtas_quiesce(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
     VIOsPAPRDevice *dev = NULL;
 
     if (nargs != 0) {
-        rtas_st(rets, 0, -3);
+        rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_PARAM_ERROR);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ static void rtas_quiesce(PowerPCCPU *cpu, sPAPREnvironment *spapr,
         spapr_vio_quiesce_one(dev);
     }
 
-    rtas_st(rets, 0, 0);
+    rtas_st(rets, 0, RTAS_OUT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
 static VIOsPAPRDevice *reg_conflict(VIOsPAPRDevice *dev)
@@ -528,11 +528,9 @@ static int spapr_vio_bridge_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
 
 static void spapr_vio_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = spapr_vio_bridge_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo spapr_vio_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c b/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
index fcfa678344..bdb057e36c 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/virtex_ml507.c
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ static int xilinx_load_device_tree(hwaddr addr,
     if (!fdt) {
         return 0;
     }
-    r = qemu_devtree_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs", kernel_cmdline);
+    r = qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs", kernel_cmdline);
     if (r < 0)
         fprintf(stderr, "couldn't set /chosen/bootargs\n");
     cpu_physical_memory_write(addr, fdt, fdt_size);
diff --git a/hw/s390x/ipl.c b/hw/s390x/ipl.c
index 65d39da314..1a6397b88e 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/ipl.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/ipl.c
@@ -182,7 +182,6 @@ static void s390_ipl_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->init = s390_ipl_init;
     dc->props = s390_ipl_properties;
     dc->reset = s390_ipl_reset;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo s390_ipl_info = {
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-bus.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-bus.c
index 6a831114da..46c5ff1898 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-bus.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-bus.c
@@ -676,11 +676,9 @@ static int s390_virtio_bridge_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
 
 static void s390_virtio_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = s390_virtio_bridge_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo s390_virtio_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c
index f93a81c7cd..bc8871249d 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.c
@@ -30,13 +30,10 @@
 static void virtio_ccw_bus_new(VirtioBusState *bus, size_t bus_size,
                                VirtioCcwDevice *dev);
 
-static int virtual_css_bus_reset(BusState *qbus)
+static void virtual_css_bus_reset(BusState *qbus)
 {
     /* This should actually be modelled via the generic css */
     css_reset();
-
-    /* we dont traverse ourself, return 0 */
-    return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -57,9 +54,10 @@ static const TypeInfo virtual_css_bus_info = {
 VirtIODevice *virtio_ccw_get_vdev(SubchDev *sch)
 {
     VirtIODevice *vdev = NULL;
+    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = sch->driver_data;
 
-    if (sch->driver_data) {
-        vdev = ((VirtioCcwDevice *)sch->driver_data)->vdev;
+    if (dev) {
+        vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
     }
     return vdev;
 }
@@ -67,7 +65,8 @@ VirtIODevice *virtio_ccw_get_vdev(SubchDev *sch)
 static int virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
                                               bool assign, bool set_handler)
 {
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(dev->vdev, n);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
     EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq);
     int r = 0;
     SubchDev *sch = dev->sch;
@@ -97,6 +96,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
 
 static void virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev;
     int n, r;
 
     if (!(dev->flags & VIRTIO_CCW_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD) ||
@@ -104,8 +104,9 @@ static void virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
         dev->ioeventfd_started) {
         return;
     }
+    vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
     for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
         r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, true, true);
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ static void virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
 
   assign_error:
     while (--n >= 0) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
         r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, false, false);
@@ -132,13 +133,15 @@ static void virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
 
 static void virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev;
     int n, r;
 
     if (!dev->ioeventfd_started) {
         return;
     }
+    vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
     for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
         r = virtio_ccw_set_guest2host_notifier(dev, n, false, false);
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@ typedef struct VirtioFeatDesc {
 static int virtio_ccw_set_vqs(SubchDev *sch, uint64_t addr, uint32_t align,
                               uint16_t index, uint16_t num)
 {
-    VirtioCcwDevice *dev = sch->driver_data;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_ccw_get_vdev(sch);
 
     if (index > VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX) {
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -200,23 +203,23 @@ static int virtio_ccw_set_vqs(SubchDev *sch, uint64_t addr, uint32_t align,
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    if (!dev) {
+    if (!vdev) {
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    virtio_queue_set_addr(dev->vdev, index, addr);
+    virtio_queue_set_addr(vdev, index, addr);
     if (!addr) {
-        virtio_queue_set_vector(dev->vdev, index, 0);
+        virtio_queue_set_vector(vdev, index, 0);
     } else {
         /* Fail if we don't have a big enough queue. */
         /* TODO: Add interface to handle vring.num changing */
-        if (virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev, index) > num) {
+        if (virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, index) > num) {
             return -EINVAL;
         }
-        virtio_queue_set_vector(dev->vdev, index, index);
+        virtio_queue_set_vector(vdev, index, index);
     }
     /* tell notify handler in case of config change */
-    dev->vdev->config_vector = VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX;
+    vdev->config_vector = VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX;
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -230,6 +233,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
     hwaddr indicators;
     VqConfigBlock vq_config;
     VirtioCcwDevice *dev = sch->driver_data;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_ccw_get_vdev(sch);
     bool check_len;
     int len;
     hwaddr hw_len;
@@ -272,7 +276,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
         break;
     case CCW_CMD_VDEV_RESET:
         virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
-        virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
+        virtio_reset(vdev);
         ret = 0;
         break;
     case CCW_CMD_READ_FEAT:
@@ -319,7 +323,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
             features.features = ldl_le_phys(ccw.cda);
             if (features.index < ARRAY_SIZE(dev->host_features)) {
                 virtio_bus_set_vdev_features(&dev->bus, features.features);
-                dev->vdev->guest_features = features.features;
+                vdev->guest_features = features.features;
             } else {
                 /*
                  * If the guest supports more feature bits, assert that it
@@ -337,30 +341,30 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
         break;
     case CCW_CMD_READ_CONF:
         if (check_len) {
-            if (ccw.count > dev->vdev->config_len) {
+            if (ccw.count > vdev->config_len) {
                 ret = -EINVAL;
                 break;
             }
         }
-        len = MIN(ccw.count, dev->vdev->config_len);
+        len = MIN(ccw.count, vdev->config_len);
         if (!ccw.cda) {
             ret = -EFAULT;
         } else {
-            virtio_bus_get_vdev_config(&dev->bus, dev->vdev->config);
+            virtio_bus_get_vdev_config(&dev->bus, vdev->config);
             /* XXX config space endianness */
-            cpu_physical_memory_write(ccw.cda, dev->vdev->config, len);
+            cpu_physical_memory_write(ccw.cda, vdev->config, len);
             sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - len;
             ret = 0;
         }
         break;
     case CCW_CMD_WRITE_CONF:
         if (check_len) {
-            if (ccw.count > dev->vdev->config_len) {
+            if (ccw.count > vdev->config_len) {
                 ret = -EINVAL;
                 break;
             }
         }
-        len = MIN(ccw.count, dev->vdev->config_len);
+        len = MIN(ccw.count, vdev->config_len);
         hw_len = len;
         if (!ccw.cda) {
             ret = -EFAULT;
@@ -371,9 +375,9 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
             } else {
                 len = hw_len;
                 /* XXX config space endianness */
-                memcpy(dev->vdev->config, config, len);
+                memcpy(vdev->config, config, len);
                 cpu_physical_memory_unmap(config, hw_len, 0, hw_len);
-                virtio_bus_set_vdev_config(&dev->bus, dev->vdev->config);
+                virtio_bus_set_vdev_config(&dev->bus, vdev->config);
                 sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - len;
                 ret = 0;
             }
@@ -397,9 +401,9 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
             if (!(status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK)) {
                 virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
             }
-            virtio_set_status(dev->vdev, status);
-            if (dev->vdev->status == 0) {
-                virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
+            virtio_set_status(vdev, status);
+            if (vdev->status == 0) {
+                virtio_reset(vdev);
             }
             if (status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) {
                 virtio_ccw_start_ioeventfd(dev);
@@ -463,7 +467,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_cb(SubchDev *sch, CCW1 ccw)
             ret = -EFAULT;
         } else {
             vq_config.index = lduw_phys(ccw.cda);
-            vq_config.num_max = virtio_queue_get_num(dev->vdev,
+            vq_config.num_max = virtio_queue_get_num(vdev,
                                                      vq_config.index);
             stw_phys(ccw.cda + sizeof(vq_config.index), vq_config.num_max);
             sch->curr_status.scsw.count = ccw.count - sizeof(vq_config);
@@ -495,7 +499,6 @@ static int virtio_ccw_device_init(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
     sch->driver_data = dev;
     dev->sch = sch;
 
-    dev->vdev = vdev;
     dev->indicators = 0;
 
     /* Initialize subchannel structure. */
@@ -608,7 +611,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_device_init(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, VirtIODevice *vdev)
     memset(&sch->id, 0, sizeof(SenseId));
     sch->id.reserved = 0xff;
     sch->id.cu_type = VIRTIO_CCW_CU_TYPE;
-    sch->id.cu_model = dev->vdev->device_id;
+    sch->id.cu_model = vdev->device_id;
 
     /* Only the first 32 feature bits are used. */
     dev->host_features[0] = virtio_bus_get_vdev_features(&dev->bus,
@@ -631,7 +634,6 @@ static int virtio_ccw_exit(VirtioCcwDevice *dev)
 {
     SubchDev *sch = dev->sch;
 
-    virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
     if (sch) {
         css_subch_assign(sch->cssid, sch->ssid, sch->schid, sch->devno, NULL);
         g_free(sch);
@@ -892,9 +894,10 @@ static unsigned virtio_ccw_get_features(DeviceState *d)
 static void virtio_ccw_reset(DeviceState *d)
 {
     VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
 
     virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(dev);
-    virtio_reset(dev->vdev);
+    virtio_reset(vdev);
     css_reset_sch(dev->sch);
     dev->indicators = 0;
     dev->indicators2 = 0;
@@ -934,9 +937,10 @@ static int virtio_ccw_set_host_notifier(DeviceState *d, int n, bool assign)
 static int virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
                                          bool assign, bool with_irqfd)
 {
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(dev->vdev, n);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
     EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
-    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev->vdev);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
 
     if (assign) {
         int r = event_notifier_init(notifier, 0);
@@ -952,16 +956,16 @@ static int virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifier(VirtioCcwDevice *dev, int n,
          * land in qemu (and only the irq fd) in this code.
          */
         if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
-            k->guest_notifier_mask(dev->vdev, n, false);
+            k->guest_notifier_mask(vdev, n, false);
         }
         /* get lost events and re-inject */
         if (k->guest_notifier_pending &&
-            k->guest_notifier_pending(dev->vdev, n)) {
+            k->guest_notifier_pending(vdev, n)) {
             event_notifier_set(notifier);
         }
     } else {
         if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
-            k->guest_notifier_mask(dev->vdev, n, true);
+            k->guest_notifier_mask(vdev, n, true);
         }
         virtio_queue_set_guest_notifier_fd_handler(vq, false, with_irqfd);
         event_notifier_cleanup(notifier);
@@ -973,7 +977,7 @@ static int virtio_ccw_set_guest_notifiers(DeviceState *d, int nvqs,
                                           bool assigned)
 {
     VirtioCcwDevice *dev = VIRTIO_CCW_DEVICE(d);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = dev->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&dev->bus);
     int r, n;
 
     for (n = 0; n < nvqs; n++) {
@@ -1228,6 +1232,8 @@ static int virtio_ccw_busdev_unplug(DeviceState *dev)
     VirtioCcwDevice *_dev = (VirtioCcwDevice *)dev;
     SubchDev *sch = _dev->sch;
 
+    virtio_ccw_stop_ioeventfd(_dev);
+
     /*
      * We should arrive here only for device_del, since we don't support
      * direct hot(un)plug of channels, but only through virtio.
@@ -1274,11 +1280,9 @@ static int virtual_css_bridge_init(SysBusDevice *dev)
 
 static void virtual_css_bridge_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
-    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = virtual_css_bridge_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo virtual_css_bridge_info = {
diff --git a/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h b/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h
index 96d6f5d5b7..00932c746d 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h
+++ b/hw/s390x/virtio-ccw.h
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ typedef struct VirtIOCCWDeviceClass {
 struct VirtioCcwDevice {
     DeviceState parent_obj;
     SubchDev *sch;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev;
     char *bus_id;
     uint32_t host_features[VIRTIO_CCW_FEATURE_SIZE];
     VirtioBusState bus;
diff --git a/hw/scsi/scsi-bus.c b/hw/scsi/scsi-bus.c
index 3e5e31da8f..50b89ad4aa 100644
--- a/hw/scsi/scsi-bus.c
+++ b/hw/scsi/scsi-bus.c
@@ -469,6 +469,8 @@ static int32_t scsi_target_send_command(SCSIRequest *req, uint8_t *buf)
             r->req.dev->sense_is_ua = false;
         }
         break;
+    case TEST_UNIT_READY:
+        break;
     default:
         scsi_req_build_sense(req, SENSE_CODE(LUN_NOT_SUPPORTED));
         scsi_req_complete(req, CHECK_CONDITION);
@@ -886,7 +888,6 @@ static int scsi_req_length(SCSICommand *cmd, SCSIDevice *dev, uint8_t *buf)
     case RELEASE:
     case ERASE:
     case ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL:
-    case VERIFY_10:
     case SEEK_10:
     case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE:
     case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE_16:
@@ -903,6 +904,16 @@ static int scsi_req_length(SCSICommand *cmd, SCSIDevice *dev, uint8_t *buf)
     case ALLOW_OVERWRITE:
         cmd->xfer = 0;
         break;
+    case VERIFY_10:
+    case VERIFY_12:
+    case VERIFY_16:
+        if ((buf[1] & 2) == 0) {
+            cmd->xfer = 0;
+        } else if ((buf[1] & 4) == 1) {
+            cmd->xfer = 1;
+        }
+        cmd->xfer *= dev->blocksize;
+        break;
     case MODE_SENSE:
         break;
     case WRITE_SAME_10:
@@ -1100,6 +1111,9 @@ static void scsi_cmd_xfer_mode(SCSICommand *cmd)
     case WRITE_VERIFY_12:
     case WRITE_16:
     case WRITE_VERIFY_16:
+    case VERIFY_10:
+    case VERIFY_12:
+    case VERIFY_16:
     case COPY:
     case COPY_VERIFY:
     case COMPARE:
diff --git a/hw/scsi/scsi-disk.c b/hw/scsi/scsi-disk.c
index efadfc023f..a8d0f15ebe 100644
--- a/hw/scsi/scsi-disk.c
+++ b/hw/scsi/scsi-disk.c
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ do { printf("scsi-disk: " fmt , ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
 #define SCSI_MAX_MODE_LEN           256
 
 #define DEFAULT_DISCARD_GRANULARITY 4096
+#define DEFAULT_MAX_UNMAP_SIZE      (1 << 30)   /* 1 GB */
 
 typedef struct SCSIDiskState SCSIDiskState;
 
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ struct SCSIDiskState
     bool media_event;
     bool eject_request;
     uint64_t wwn;
+    uint64_t max_unmap_size;
     QEMUBH *bh;
     char *version;
     char *serial;
@@ -625,6 +627,8 @@ static int scsi_disk_emulate_inquiry(SCSIRequest *req, uint8_t *outbuf)
                     s->qdev.conf.min_io_size / s->qdev.blocksize;
             unsigned int opt_io_size =
                     s->qdev.conf.opt_io_size / s->qdev.blocksize;
+            unsigned int max_unmap_sectors =
+                    s->max_unmap_size / s->qdev.blocksize;
 
             if (s->qdev.type == TYPE_ROM) {
                 DPRINTF("Inquiry (EVPD[%02X] not supported for CDROM\n",
@@ -647,6 +651,18 @@ static int scsi_disk_emulate_inquiry(SCSIRequest *req, uint8_t *outbuf)
             outbuf[14] = (opt_io_size >> 8) & 0xff;
             outbuf[15] = opt_io_size & 0xff;
 
+            /* max unmap LBA count, default is 1GB */
+            outbuf[20] = (max_unmap_sectors >> 24) & 0xff;
+            outbuf[21] = (max_unmap_sectors >> 16) & 0xff;
+            outbuf[22] = (max_unmap_sectors >> 8) & 0xff;
+            outbuf[23] = max_unmap_sectors & 0xff;
+
+            /* max unmap descriptors, 255 fit in 4 kb with an 8-byte header.  */
+            outbuf[24] = 0;
+            outbuf[25] = 0;
+            outbuf[26] = 0;
+            outbuf[27] = 255;
+
             /* optimal unmap granularity */
             outbuf[28] = (unmap_sectors >> 24) & 0xff;
             outbuf[29] = (unmap_sectors >> 16) & 0xff;
@@ -1626,7 +1642,7 @@ static void scsi_write_same_complete(void *opaque, int ret)
         bdrv_acct_start(s->qdev.conf.bs, &r->acct, data->iov.iov_len, BDRV_ACCT_WRITE);
         r->req.aiocb = bdrv_aio_writev(s->qdev.conf.bs, data->sector,
                                        &data->qiov, data->iov.iov_len / 512,
-                                       scsi_write_same_complete, r);
+                                       scsi_write_same_complete, data);
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1720,10 +1736,19 @@ static void scsi_disk_emulate_write_data(SCSIRequest *req)
         scsi_disk_emulate_unmap(r, r->iov.iov_base);
         break;
 
+    case VERIFY_10:
+    case VERIFY_12:
+    case VERIFY_16:
+        if (r->req.status == -1) {
+            scsi_check_condition(r, SENSE_CODE(INVALID_FIELD));
+        }
+        break;
+
     case WRITE_SAME_10:
     case WRITE_SAME_16:
         scsi_disk_emulate_write_same(r, r->iov.iov_base);
         break;
+
     default:
         abort();
     }
@@ -1964,6 +1989,14 @@ static int32_t scsi_disk_emulate_command(SCSIRequest *req, uint8_t *buf)
     case UNMAP:
         DPRINTF("Unmap (len %lu)\n", (long)r->req.cmd.xfer);
         break;
+    case VERIFY_10:
+    case VERIFY_12:
+    case VERIFY_16:
+        DPRINTF("Verify (bytchk %lu)\n", (r->req.buf[1] >> 1) & 3);
+        if (req->cmd.buf[1] & 6) {
+            goto illegal_request;
+        }
+        break;
     case WRITE_SAME_10:
     case WRITE_SAME_16:
         DPRINTF("WRITE SAME %d (len %lu)\n",
@@ -2044,10 +2077,6 @@ static int32_t scsi_disk_dma_command(SCSIRequest *req, uint8_t *buf)
             scsi_check_condition(r, SENSE_CODE(WRITE_PROTECTED));
             return 0;
         }
-        /* fallthrough */
-    case VERIFY_10:
-    case VERIFY_12:
-    case VERIFY_16:
         DPRINTF("Write %s(sector %" PRId64 ", count %u)\n",
                 (command & 0xe) == 0xe ? "And Verify " : "",
                 r->req.cmd.lba, len);
@@ -2225,7 +2254,7 @@ static int scsi_initfn(SCSIDevice *dev)
     } else {
         bdrv_set_dev_ops(s->qdev.conf.bs, &scsi_disk_block_ops, s);
     }
-    bdrv_set_buffer_alignment(s->qdev.conf.bs, s->qdev.blocksize);
+    bdrv_set_guest_block_size(s->qdev.conf.bs, s->qdev.blocksize);
 
     bdrv_iostatus_enable(s->qdev.conf.bs);
     add_boot_device_path(s->qdev.conf.bootindex, &dev->qdev, NULL);
@@ -2277,6 +2306,7 @@ static const SCSIReqOps scsi_disk_emulate_reqops = {
     .send_command = scsi_disk_emulate_command,
     .read_data    = scsi_disk_emulate_read_data,
     .write_data   = scsi_disk_emulate_write_data,
+    .cancel_io    = scsi_cancel_io,
     .get_buf      = scsi_get_buf,
 };
 
@@ -2315,14 +2345,14 @@ static const SCSIReqOps *const scsi_disk_reqops_dispatch[256] = {
     [UNMAP]                           = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
     [WRITE_SAME_10]                   = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
     [WRITE_SAME_16]                   = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
+    [VERIFY_10]                       = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
+    [VERIFY_12]                       = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
+    [VERIFY_16]                       = &scsi_disk_emulate_reqops,
 
     [READ_6]                          = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [READ_10]                         = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [READ_12]                         = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [READ_16]                         = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
-    [VERIFY_10]                       = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
-    [VERIFY_12]                       = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
-    [VERIFY_16]                       = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [WRITE_6]                         = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [WRITE_10]                        = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
     [WRITE_12]                        = &scsi_disk_dma_reqops,
@@ -2506,6 +2536,8 @@ static Property scsi_hd_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("dpofua", SCSIDiskState, features,
                     SCSI_DISK_F_DPOFUA, false),
     DEFINE_PROP_HEX64("wwn", SCSIDiskState, wwn, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("max_unmap_size", SCSIDiskState, max_unmap_size,
+                       DEFAULT_MAX_UNMAP_SIZE),
     DEFINE_BLOCK_CHS_PROPERTIES(SCSIDiskState, qdev.conf),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
@@ -2615,6 +2647,8 @@ static Property scsi_disk_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("dpofua", SCSIDiskState, features,
                     SCSI_DISK_F_DPOFUA, false),
     DEFINE_PROP_HEX64("wwn", SCSIDiskState, wwn, 0),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("max_unmap_size", SCSIDiskState, max_unmap_size,
+                       DEFAULT_MAX_UNMAP_SIZE),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
diff --git a/hw/scsi/scsi-generic.c b/hw/scsi/scsi-generic.c
index 8f195bec00..f08b64e177 100644
--- a/hw/scsi/scsi-generic.c
+++ b/hw/scsi/scsi-generic.c
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ static void scsi_read_complete(void * opaque, int ret)
             s->blocksize = ldl_be_p(&r->buf[8]);
             s->max_lba = ldq_be_p(&r->buf[0]);
         }
-        bdrv_set_buffer_alignment(s->conf.bs, s->blocksize);
+        bdrv_set_guest_block_size(s->conf.bs, s->blocksize);
 
         scsi_req_data(&r->req, len);
         if (!r->req.io_canceled) {
diff --git a/hw/scsi/vhost-scsi.c b/hw/scsi/vhost-scsi.c
index 9e770fba98..3983a5b464 100644
--- a/hw/scsi/vhost-scsi.c
+++ b/hw/scsi/vhost-scsi.c
@@ -196,29 +196,31 @@ static void vhost_scsi_set_status(VirtIODevice *vdev, uint8_t val)
     }
 }
 
-static int vhost_scsi_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void vhost_scsi_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(vdev);
-    VHostSCSI *s = VHOST_SCSI(vdev);
+    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(dev);
+    VHostSCSI *s = VHOST_SCSI(dev);
+    Error *err = NULL;
     int vhostfd = -1;
     int ret;
 
     if (!vs->conf.wwpn) {
-        error_report("vhost-scsi: missing wwpn\n");
-        return -EINVAL;
+        error_setg(errp, "vhost-scsi: missing wwpn");
+        return;
     }
 
     if (vs->conf.vhostfd) {
         vhostfd = monitor_handle_fd_param(cur_mon, vs->conf.vhostfd);
         if (vhostfd == -1) {
-            error_report("vhost-scsi: unable to parse vhostfd\n");
-            return -EINVAL;
+            error_setg(errp, "vhost-scsi: unable to parse vhostfd");
+            return;
         }
     }
 
-    ret = virtio_scsi_common_init(vs);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        return ret;
+    virtio_scsi_common_realize(dev, &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
     }
 
     s->dev.nvqs = VHOST_SCSI_VQ_NUM_FIXED + vs->conf.num_queues;
@@ -227,24 +229,21 @@ static int vhost_scsi_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 
     ret = vhost_dev_init(&s->dev, vhostfd, "/dev/vhost-scsi", true);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        error_report("vhost-scsi: vhost initialization failed: %s\n",
-                strerror(-ret));
-        return ret;
+        error_setg(errp, "vhost-scsi: vhost initialization failed: %s",
+                   strerror(-ret));
+        return;
     }
     s->dev.backend_features = 0;
 
     error_setg(&s->migration_blocker,
             "vhost-scsi does not support migration");
     migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int vhost_scsi_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void vhost_scsi_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
-    VHostSCSI *s = VHOST_SCSI(qdev);
-    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(qdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VHostSCSI *s = VHOST_SCSI(dev);
 
     migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
     error_free(s->migration_blocker);
@@ -253,7 +252,8 @@ static int vhost_scsi_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
     vhost_scsi_set_status(vdev, 0);
 
     g_free(s->dev.vqs);
-    return virtio_scsi_common_exit(vs);
+
+    virtio_scsi_common_unrealize(dev, errp);
 }
 
 static Property vhost_scsi_properties[] = {
@@ -265,10 +265,11 @@ static void vhost_scsi_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = vhost_scsi_exit;
+
     dc->props = vhost_scsi_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = vhost_scsi_init;
+    vdc->realize = vhost_scsi_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = vhost_scsi_unrealize;
     vdc->get_features = vhost_scsi_get_features;
     vdc->set_config = vhost_scsi_set_config;
     vdc->set_status = vhost_scsi_set_status;
diff --git a/hw/scsi/virtio-scsi.c b/hw/scsi/virtio-scsi.c
index 26d95a14ec..6610b3aab3 100644
--- a/hw/scsi/virtio-scsi.c
+++ b/hw/scsi/virtio-scsi.c
@@ -306,6 +306,10 @@ static void virtio_scsi_command_complete(SCSIRequest *r, uint32_t status,
     VirtIOSCSIReq *req = r->hba_private;
     uint32_t sense_len;
 
+    if (r->io_canceled) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     req->resp.cmd->response = VIRTIO_SCSI_S_OK;
     req->resp.cmd->status = status;
     if (req->resp.cmd->status == GOOD) {
@@ -516,7 +520,7 @@ static void virtio_scsi_push_event(VirtIOSCSI *s, SCSIDevice *dev,
     evt->event = event;
     evt->reason = reason;
     if (!dev) {
-        assert(event == VIRTIO_SCSI_T_NO_EVENT);
+        assert(event == VIRTIO_SCSI_T_EVENTS_MISSED);
     } else {
         evt->lun[0] = 1;
         evt->lun[1] = dev->id;
@@ -589,12 +593,13 @@ static struct SCSIBusInfo virtio_scsi_scsi_info = {
     .load_request = virtio_scsi_load_request,
 };
 
-int virtio_scsi_common_init(VirtIOSCSICommon *s)
+void virtio_scsi_common_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(s);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOSCSICommon *s = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(dev);
     int i;
 
-    virtio_init(VIRTIO_DEVICE(s), "virtio-scsi", VIRTIO_ID_SCSI,
+    virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-scsi", VIRTIO_ID_SCSI,
                 sizeof(VirtIOSCSIConfig));
 
     s->cmd_vqs = g_malloc0(s->conf.num_queues * sizeof(VirtQueue *));
@@ -609,57 +614,52 @@ int virtio_scsi_common_init(VirtIOSCSICommon *s)
         s->cmd_vqs[i] = virtio_add_queue(vdev, VIRTIO_SCSI_VQ_SIZE,
                                          virtio_scsi_handle_cmd);
     }
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_scsi_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_scsi_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(vdev);
-    VirtIOSCSI *s = VIRTIO_SCSI(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOSCSI *s = VIRTIO_SCSI(dev);
     static int virtio_scsi_id;
     Error *err = NULL;
-    int ret;
 
-    ret = virtio_scsi_common_init(vs);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        return ret;
+    virtio_scsi_common_realize(dev, &err);
+    if (err != NULL) {
+        error_propagate(errp, err);
+        return;
     }
 
-    scsi_bus_new(&s->bus, sizeof(s->bus), qdev,
+    scsi_bus_new(&s->bus, sizeof(s->bus), dev,
                  &virtio_scsi_scsi_info, vdev->bus_name);
 
-    if (!qdev->hotplugged) {
+    if (!dev->hotplugged) {
         scsi_bus_legacy_handle_cmdline(&s->bus, &err);
         if (err != NULL) {
-            error_free(err);
-            return -1;
+            error_propagate(errp, err);
+            return;
         }
     }
 
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-scsi", virtio_scsi_id++, 1,
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-scsi", virtio_scsi_id++, 1,
                     virtio_scsi_save, virtio_scsi_load, s);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
-int virtio_scsi_common_exit(VirtIOSCSICommon *vs)
+void virtio_scsi_common_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(vs);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(dev);
 
     g_free(vs->cmd_vqs);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_scsi_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_scsi_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIOSCSI *s = VIRTIO_SCSI(qdev);
-    VirtIOSCSICommon *vs = VIRTIO_SCSI_COMMON(qdev);
+    VirtIOSCSI *s = VIRTIO_SCSI(dev);
 
-    unregister_savevm(qdev, "virtio-scsi", s);
-    return virtio_scsi_common_exit(vs);
+    unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-scsi", s);
+
+    virtio_scsi_common_unrealize(dev, errp);
 }
 
 static Property virtio_scsi_properties[] = {
@@ -680,10 +680,11 @@ static void virtio_scsi_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_scsi_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_scsi_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_scsi_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_scsi_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_scsi_device_unrealize;
     vdc->set_config = virtio_scsi_set_config;
     vdc->get_features = virtio_scsi_get_features;
     vdc->reset = virtio_scsi_reset;
diff --git a/hw/sd/pl181.c b/hw/sd/pl181.c
index c35896d28c..462558b76d 100644
--- a/hw/sd/pl181.c
+++ b/hw/sd/pl181.c
@@ -506,7 +506,6 @@ static void pl181_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     sdc->init = pl181_init;
     k->vmsd = &vmstate_pl181;
     k->reset = pl181_reset;
-    k->no_user = 1;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo pl181_info = {
diff --git a/hw/sh4/sh_pci.c b/hw/sh4/sh_pci.c
index e81176a11e..a2f6d9e0b6 100644
--- a/hw/sh4/sh_pci.c
+++ b/hw/sh4/sh_pci.c
@@ -162,10 +162,16 @@ static int sh_pci_host_init(PCIDevice *d)
 static void sh_pci_host_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = sh_pci_host_init;
     k->vendor_id = PCI_VENDOR_ID_HITACHI;
     k->device_id = PCI_DEVICE_ID_HITACHI_SH7751R;
+    /*
+     * PCI-facing part of the host bridge, not usable without the
+     * host-facing part, which can't be device_add'ed, yet.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo sh_pci_host_info = {
diff --git a/hw/timer/Makefile.objs b/hw/timer/Makefile.objs
index 3ae091c95e..2c86c3d412 100644
--- a/hw/timer/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/timer/Makefile.objs
@@ -26,5 +26,8 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_OMAP) += omap_synctimer.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_PXA2XX) += pxa2xx_timer.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SH4) += sh_timer.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_TUSB6010) += tusb6010.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_DIGIC) += digic-timer.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_MC146818RTC) += mc146818rtc.o
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_ALLWINNER_A10_PIT) += allwinner-a10-pit.o
diff --git a/hw/timer/allwinner-a10-pit.c b/hw/timer/allwinner-a10-pit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b27fce8cd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/timer/allwinner-a10-pit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*
+ * Allwinner A10 timer device emulation
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Li Guang
+ * Written by Li Guang <lig.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+ * for more details.
+ */
+
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "hw/timer/allwinner-a10-pit.h"
+
+static uint64_t a10_pit_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    AwA10PITState *s = AW_A10_PIT(opaque);
+    uint8_t index;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_IRQ_EN:
+        return s->irq_enable;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_IRQ_ST:
+        return s->irq_status;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_BASE ... AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_BASE_END:
+        index = offset & 0xf0;
+        index >>= 4;
+        index -= 1;
+        switch (offset & 0x0f) {
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_CONTROL:
+            return s->control[index];
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_INTERVAL:
+            return s->interval[index];
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_COUNT:
+            s->count[index] = ptimer_get_count(s->timer[index]);
+            return s->count[index];
+        default:
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                          "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+            break;
+        }
+    case AW_A10_PIT_WDOG_CONTROL:
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_WDOG_MODE:
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_LO:
+        return s->count_lo;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_HI:
+        return s->count_hi;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_CTL:
+        return s->count_ctl;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void a10_pit_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t value,
+                            unsigned size)
+{
+     AwA10PITState *s = AW_A10_PIT(opaque);
+     uint8_t index;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_IRQ_EN:
+        s->irq_enable = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_IRQ_ST:
+        s->irq_status &= ~value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_BASE ... AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_BASE_END:
+        index = offset & 0xf0;
+        index >>= 4;
+        index -= 1;
+        switch (offset & 0x0f) {
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_CONTROL:
+            s->control[index] = value;
+            if (s->control[index] & AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_RELOAD) {
+                ptimer_set_count(s->timer[index], s->interval[index]);
+            }
+            if (s->control[index] & AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_EN) {
+                int oneshot = 0;
+                if (s->control[index] & AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_MODE) {
+                    oneshot = 1;
+                }
+                ptimer_run(s->timer[index], oneshot);
+            } else {
+                ptimer_stop(s->timer[index]);
+            }
+            break;
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_INTERVAL:
+            s->interval[index] = value;
+            ptimer_set_limit(s->timer[index], s->interval[index], 1);
+            break;
+        case AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_COUNT:
+            s->count[index] = value;
+            break;
+        default:
+            qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                          "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+        }
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_WDOG_CONTROL:
+        s->watch_dog_control = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_WDOG_MODE:
+        s->watch_dog_mode = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_LO:
+        s->count_lo = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_HI:
+        s->count_hi = value;
+        break;
+    case AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_CTL:
+        s->count_ctl = value;
+        if (s->count_ctl & AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_RL_EN) {
+            uint64_t  tmp_count = qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
+
+            s->count_lo = tmp_count;
+            s->count_hi = tmp_count >> 32;
+            s->count_ctl &= ~AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_RL_EN;
+        }
+        if (s->count_ctl & AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_CLR_EN) {
+            s->count_lo = 0;
+            s->count_hi = 0;
+            s->count_ctl &= ~AW_A10_PIT_COUNT_CLR_EN;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
+                      "%s: Bad offset 0x%x\n",  __func__, (int)offset);
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps a10_pit_ops = {
+    .read = a10_pit_read,
+    .write = a10_pit_write,
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+};
+
+static const VMStateDescription vmstate_a10_pit = {
+    .name = "a10.pit",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(irq_enable, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(irq_status, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(control, AwA10PITState, AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(interval, AwA10PITState, AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32_ARRAY(count, AwA10PITState, AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(watch_dog_mode, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(watch_dog_control, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(count_lo, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(count_hi, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(count_ctl, AwA10PITState),
+        VMSTATE_PTIMER_ARRAY(timer, AwA10PITState, AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static void a10_pit_reset(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    AwA10PITState *s = AW_A10_PIT(dev);
+    uint8_t i;
+
+    s->irq_enable = 0;
+    s->irq_status = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+        s->control[i] = AW_A10_PIT_DEFAULT_CLOCK;
+        s->interval[i] = 0;
+        s->count[i] = 0;
+        ptimer_stop(s->timer[i]);
+    }
+    s->watch_dog_mode = 0;
+    s->watch_dog_control = 0;
+    s->count_lo = 0;
+    s->count_hi = 0;
+    s->count_ctl = 0;
+}
+
+static void a10_pit_timer_cb(void *opaque)
+{
+    AwA10PITState *s = AW_A10_PIT(opaque);
+    uint8_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR; i++) {
+        if (s->control[i] & AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_EN) {
+            s->irq_status |= 1 << i;
+            if (s->control[i] & AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_MODE) {
+                ptimer_stop(s->timer[i]);
+                s->control[i] &= ~AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_EN;
+            }
+            qemu_irq_pulse(s->irq[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void a10_pit_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    AwA10PITState *s = AW_A10_PIT(obj);
+    SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
+    QEMUBH * bh[AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR];
+    uint8_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR; i++) {
+        sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->irq[i]);
+    }
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &a10_pit_ops, s,
+                          TYPE_AW_A10_PIT, 0x400);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->iomem);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < AW_A10_PIT_TIMER_NR; i++) {
+        bh[i] = qemu_bh_new(a10_pit_timer_cb, s);
+        s->timer[i] = ptimer_init(bh[i]);
+        ptimer_set_freq(s->timer[i], 240000);
+    }
+}
+
+static void a10_pit_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->reset = a10_pit_reset;
+    dc->desc = "allwinner a10 timer";
+    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_a10_pit;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo a10_pit_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_AW_A10_PIT,
+    .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(AwA10PITState),
+    .instance_init = a10_pit_init,
+    .class_init = a10_pit_class_init,
+};
+
+static void a10_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&a10_pit_info);
+}
+
+type_init(a10_register_types);
diff --git a/hw/timer/arm_mptimer.c b/hw/timer/arm_mptimer.c
index d9f9494f26..35a0a2356f 100644
--- a/hw/timer/arm_mptimer.c
+++ b/hw/timer/arm_mptimer.c
@@ -274,7 +274,6 @@ static void arm_mptimer_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     dc->realize = arm_mptimer_realize;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_arm_mptimer;
     dc->reset = arm_mptimer_reset;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->props = arm_mptimer_properties;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/timer/digic-timer.c b/hw/timer/digic-timer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fde22c67f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/timer/digic-timer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU model of the Canon DIGIC timer block.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Antony Pavlov <antonynpavlov@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This model is based on reverse engineering efforts
+ * made by CHDK (http://chdk.wikia.com) and
+ * Magic Lantern (http://www.magiclantern.fm) projects
+ * contributors.
+ *
+ * See "Timer/Clock Module" docs here:
+ *   http://magiclantern.wikia.com/wiki/Register_Map
+ *
+ * The QEMU model of the OSTimer in PKUnity SoC by Guan Xuetao
+ * is used as a template.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "hw/ptimer.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+
+#include "hw/timer/digic-timer.h"
+
+static const VMStateDescription vmstate_digic_timer = {
+    .name = "digic.timer",
+    .version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id_old = 1,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_PTIMER(ptimer, DigicTimerState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(control, DigicTimerState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(relvalue, DigicTimerState),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static void digic_timer_reset(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    DigicTimerState *s = DIGIC_TIMER(dev);
+
+    ptimer_stop(s->ptimer);
+    s->control = 0;
+    s->relvalue = 0;
+}
+
+static uint64_t digic_timer_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
+{
+    DigicTimerState *s = opaque;
+    uint64_t ret = 0;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_CONTROL:
+        ret = s->control;
+        break;
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_RELVALUE:
+        ret = s->relvalue;
+        break;
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_VALUE:
+        ret = ptimer_get_count(s->ptimer) & 0xffff;
+        break;
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "digic-timer: read access to unknown register 0x"
+                      TARGET_FMT_plx, offset);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void digic_timer_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset,
+                              uint64_t value, unsigned size)
+{
+    DigicTimerState *s = opaque;
+
+    switch (offset) {
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_CONTROL:
+        if (value & DIGIC_TIMER_CONTROL_RST) {
+            digic_timer_reset((DeviceState *)s);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (value & DIGIC_TIMER_CONTROL_EN) {
+            ptimer_run(s->ptimer, 0);
+        }
+
+        s->control = (uint32_t)value;
+        break;
+
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_RELVALUE:
+        s->relvalue = extract32(value, 0, 16);
+        ptimer_set_limit(s->ptimer, s->relvalue, 1);
+        break;
+
+    case DIGIC_TIMER_VALUE:
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        qemu_log_mask(LOG_UNIMP,
+                      "digic-timer: read access to unknown register 0x"
+                      TARGET_FMT_plx, offset);
+    }
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps digic_timer_ops = {
+    .read = digic_timer_read,
+    .write = digic_timer_write,
+    .impl = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+    },
+    .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
+};
+
+static void digic_timer_init(Object *obj)
+{
+    DigicTimerState *s = DIGIC_TIMER(obj);
+
+    s->ptimer = ptimer_init(NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * FIXME: there is no documentation on Digic timer
+     * frequency setup so let it always run at 1 MHz
+     */
+    ptimer_set_freq(s->ptimer, 1 * 1000 * 1000);
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, OBJECT(s), &digic_timer_ops, s,
+                          TYPE_DIGIC_TIMER, 0x100);
+    sysbus_init_mmio(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj), &s->iomem);
+}
+
+static void digic_timer_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *class_data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    dc->reset = digic_timer_reset;
+    dc->vmsd = &vmstate_digic_timer;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo digic_timer_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_DIGIC_TIMER,
+    .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(DigicTimerState),
+    .instance_init = digic_timer_init,
+    .class_init = digic_timer_class_init,
+};
+
+static void digic_timer_register_type(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&digic_timer_info);
+}
+
+type_init(digic_timer_register_type)
diff --git a/hw/timer/hpet.c b/hw/timer/hpet.c
index 2eb75ea945..2fbbeb1735 100644
--- a/hw/timer/hpet.c
+++ b/hw/timer/hpet.c
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
 
 #define HPET_MSI_SUPPORT        0
 
-#define TYPE_HPET "hpet"
 #define HPET(obj) OBJECT_CHECK(HPETState, (obj), TYPE_HPET)
 
 struct HPETState;
@@ -73,6 +72,7 @@ typedef struct HPETState {
     uint8_t rtc_irq_level;
     qemu_irq pit_enabled;
     uint8_t num_timers;
+    uint32_t intcap;
     HPETTimer timer[HPET_MAX_TIMERS];
 
     /* Memory-mapped, software visible registers */
@@ -198,13 +198,23 @@ static void update_irq(struct HPETTimer *timer, int set)
     if (!set || !timer_enabled(timer) || !hpet_enabled(timer->state)) {
         s->isr &= ~mask;
         if (!timer_fsb_route(timer)) {
-            qemu_irq_lower(s->irqs[route]);
+            /* fold the ICH PIRQ# pin's internal inversion logic into hpet */
+            if (route >= ISA_NUM_IRQS) {
+                qemu_irq_raise(s->irqs[route]);
+            } else {
+                qemu_irq_lower(s->irqs[route]);
+            }
         }
     } else if (timer_fsb_route(timer)) {
         stl_le_phys(timer->fsb >> 32, timer->fsb & 0xffffffff);
     } else if (timer->config & HPET_TN_TYPE_LEVEL) {
         s->isr |= mask;
-        qemu_irq_raise(s->irqs[route]);
+        /* fold the ICH PIRQ# pin's internal inversion logic into hpet */
+        if (route >= ISA_NUM_IRQS) {
+            qemu_irq_lower(s->irqs[route]);
+        } else {
+            qemu_irq_raise(s->irqs[route]);
+        }
     } else {
         s->isr &= ~mask;
         qemu_irq_pulse(s->irqs[route]);
@@ -653,8 +663,8 @@ static void hpet_reset(DeviceState *d)
         if (s->flags & (1 << HPET_MSI_SUPPORT)) {
             timer->config |= HPET_TN_FSB_CAP;
         }
-        /* advertise availability of ioapic inti2 */
-        timer->config |=  0x00000004ULL << 32;
+        /* advertise availability of ioapic int */
+        timer->config |=  (uint64_t)s->intcap << 32;
         timer->period = 0ULL;
         timer->wrap_flag = 0;
     }
@@ -703,6 +713,9 @@ static void hpet_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     int i;
     HPETTimer *timer;
 
+    if (!s->intcap) {
+        error_printf("Hpet's intcap not initialized.\n");
+    }
     if (hpet_cfg.count == UINT8_MAX) {
         /* first instance */
         hpet_cfg.count = 0;
@@ -743,6 +756,7 @@ static void hpet_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 static Property hpet_device_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT8("timers", HPETState, num_timers, HPET_MIN_TIMERS),
     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("msi", HPETState, flags, HPET_MSI_SUPPORT, false),
+    DEFINE_PROP_UINT32(HPET_INTCAP, HPETState, intcap, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };
 
@@ -751,17 +765,11 @@ static void hpet_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = hpet_realize;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = hpet_reset;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_hpet;
     dc->props = hpet_device_properties;
 }
 
-bool hpet_find(void)
-{
-    return object_resolve_path_type("", TYPE_HPET, NULL);
-}
-
 static const TypeInfo hpet_device_info = {
     .name          = TYPE_HPET,
     .parent        = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
diff --git a/hw/timer/i8254_common.c b/hw/timer/i8254_common.c
index e8fb971488..9db5c9d129 100644
--- a/hw/timer/i8254_common.c
+++ b/hw/timer/i8254_common.c
@@ -282,7 +282,12 @@ static void pit_common_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
     dc->realize = pit_common_realize;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pit_common;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
+    /*
+     * Reason: unlike ordinary ISA devices, the PIT may need to be
+     * wired to the HPET, and because of that, some wiring is always
+     * done by board code.
+     */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo pit_common_type = {
diff --git a/hw/timer/m48t59.c b/hw/timer/m48t59.c
index be0592b53d..3cfb18a8b3 100644
--- a/hw/timer/m48t59.c
+++ b/hw/timer/m48t59.c
@@ -750,9 +750,10 @@ static void m48t59_isa_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = m48t59_isa_realize;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->reset = m48t59_reset_isa;
     dc->props = m48t59_isa_properties;
+    /* Reason: needs to be wired up by m48t59_init_isa() */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo m48t59_isa_info = {
diff --git a/hw/timer/mc146818rtc.c b/hw/timer/mc146818rtc.c
index b0116381c0..6fb124fead 100644
--- a/hw/timer/mc146818rtc.c
+++ b/hw/timer/mc146818rtc.c
@@ -899,9 +899,10 @@ static void rtc_class_initfn(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     dc->realize = rtc_realizefn;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_rtc;
     dc->props = mc146818rtc_properties;
+    /* Reason: needs to be wired up by rtc_init() */
+    dc->cannot_instantiate_with_device_add_yet = true;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo mc146818rtc_info = {
diff --git a/hw/timer/pl031.c b/hw/timer/pl031.c
index 65928a4819..34d9b44e7e 100644
--- a/hw/timer/pl031.c
+++ b/hw/timer/pl031.c
@@ -251,7 +251,6 @@ static void pl031_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     SysBusDeviceClass *k = SYS_BUS_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
 
     k->init = pl031_init;
-    dc->no_user = 1;
     dc->vmsd = &vmstate_pl031;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/usb/Makefile.objs b/hw/usb/Makefile.objs
index a3eac3e5c1..97b457541f 100644
--- a/hw/usb/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/usb/Makefile.objs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # usb subsystem core
-common-obj-y += core.o combined-packet.o bus.o desc.o
+common-obj-y += core.o combined-packet.o bus.o desc.o desc-msos.o
 common-obj-y += libhw.o
 
 # usb host adapters
diff --git a/hw/usb/bus.c b/hw/usb/bus.c
index 09848c6320..fe70429304 100644
--- a/hw/usb/bus.c
+++ b/hw/usb/bus.c
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ static Property usb_props[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_STRING("serial", USBDevice, serial),
     DEFINE_PROP_BIT("full-path", USBDevice, flags,
                     USB_DEV_FLAG_FULL_PATH, true),
+    DEFINE_PROP_BIT("msos-desc", USBDevice, flags,
+                    USB_DEV_FLAG_MSOS_DESC_ENABLE, true),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST()
 };
 
diff --git a/hw/usb/desc-msos.c b/hw/usb/desc-msos.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed8d62cab8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/usb/desc-msos.c
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+#include "hw/usb.h"
+#include "hw/usb/desc.h"
+
+/*
+ * Microsoft OS Descriptors
+ *
+ * Windows tries to fetch some special descriptors with informations
+ * specifically for windows.  Presence is indicated using a special
+ * string @ index 0xee.  There are two kinds of descriptors:
+ *
+ * compatid descriptor
+ *   Used to bind drivers, if usb class isn't specific enougth.
+ *   Used for PTP/MTP for example (both share the same usb class).
+ *
+ * properties descriptor
+ *   Does carry registry entries.  They show up in
+ *   HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB\<devid>\<serial>\Device Parameters
+ *
+ * Note that Windows caches the stuff it got in the registry, so when
+ * playing with this you have to delete registry subtrees to make
+ * windows query the device again:
+ *   HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\usbflags
+ *   HLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB
+ * Windows will complain it can't delete entries on the second one.
+ * It has deleted everything it had permissions too, which is enouth
+ * as this includes "Device Parameters".
+ *
+ * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff537430.aspx
+ *
+ */
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+typedef struct msos_compat_hdr {
+    uint32_t dwLength;
+    uint8_t  bcdVersion_lo;
+    uint8_t  bcdVersion_hi;
+    uint8_t  wIndex_lo;
+    uint8_t  wIndex_hi;
+    uint8_t  bCount;
+    uint8_t  reserved[7];
+} QEMU_PACKED msos_compat_hdr;
+
+typedef struct msos_compat_func {
+    uint8_t  bFirstInterfaceNumber;
+    uint8_t  reserved_1;
+    uint8_t  compatibleId[8];
+    uint8_t  subCompatibleId[8];
+    uint8_t  reserved_2[6];
+} QEMU_PACKED msos_compat_func;
+
+static int usb_desc_msos_compat(const USBDesc *desc, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+    msos_compat_hdr *hdr = (void *)dest;
+    msos_compat_func *func;
+    int length = sizeof(*hdr);
+    int count = 0;
+
+    func = (void *)(dest + length);
+    func->bFirstInterfaceNumber = 0;
+    func->reserved_1 = 0x01;
+    length += sizeof(*func);
+    count++;
+
+    hdr->dwLength      = cpu_to_le32(length);
+    hdr->bcdVersion_lo = 0x00;
+    hdr->bcdVersion_hi = 0x01;
+    hdr->wIndex_lo     = 0x04;
+    hdr->wIndex_hi     = 0x00;
+    hdr->bCount        = count;
+    return length;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+typedef struct msos_prop_hdr {
+    uint32_t dwLength;
+    uint8_t  bcdVersion_lo;
+    uint8_t  bcdVersion_hi;
+    uint8_t  wIndex_lo;
+    uint8_t  wIndex_hi;
+    uint8_t  wCount_lo;
+    uint8_t  wCount_hi;
+} QEMU_PACKED msos_prop_hdr;
+
+typedef struct msos_prop {
+    uint32_t dwLength;
+    uint32_t dwPropertyDataType;
+    uint8_t  dwPropertyNameLength_lo;
+    uint8_t  dwPropertyNameLength_hi;
+    uint8_t  bPropertyName[];
+} QEMU_PACKED msos_prop;
+
+typedef struct msos_prop_data {
+    uint32_t dwPropertyDataLength;
+    uint8_t  bPropertyData[];
+} QEMU_PACKED msos_prop_data;
+
+typedef enum msos_prop_type {
+    MSOS_REG_SZ        = 1,
+    MSOS_REG_EXPAND_SZ = 2,
+    MSOS_REG_BINARY    = 3,
+    MSOS_REG_DWORD_LE  = 4,
+    MSOS_REG_DWORD_BE  = 5,
+    MSOS_REG_LINK      = 6,
+    MSOS_REG_MULTI_SZ  = 7,
+} msos_prop_type;
+
+static int usb_desc_msos_prop_name(struct msos_prop *prop,
+                                   const wchar_t *name)
+{
+    int length = wcslen(name) + 1;
+    int i;
+
+    prop->dwPropertyNameLength_lo = usb_lo(length*2);
+    prop->dwPropertyNameLength_hi = usb_hi(length*2);
+    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        prop->bPropertyName[i*2]   = usb_lo(name[i]);
+        prop->bPropertyName[i*2+1] = usb_hi(name[i]);
+    }
+    return length*2;
+}
+
+static int usb_desc_msos_prop_str(uint8_t *dest, msos_prop_type type,
+                                  const wchar_t *name, const wchar_t *value)
+{
+    struct msos_prop *prop = (void *)dest;
+    struct msos_prop_data *data;
+    int length = sizeof(*prop);
+    int i, vlen = wcslen(value) + 1;
+
+    prop->dwPropertyDataType = cpu_to_le32(type);
+    length += usb_desc_msos_prop_name(prop, name);
+    data = (void *)(dest + length);
+
+    data->dwPropertyDataLength = cpu_to_le32(vlen*2);
+    length += sizeof(*prop);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {
+        data->bPropertyData[i*2]   = usb_lo(value[i]);
+        data->bPropertyData[i*2+1] = usb_hi(value[i]);
+    }
+    length += vlen*2;
+
+    prop->dwLength = cpu_to_le32(length);
+    return length;
+}
+
+static int usb_desc_msos_prop_dword(uint8_t *dest, const wchar_t *name,
+                                    uint32_t value)
+{
+    struct msos_prop *prop = (void *)dest;
+    struct msos_prop_data *data;
+    int length = sizeof(*prop);
+
+    prop->dwPropertyDataType = cpu_to_le32(MSOS_REG_DWORD_LE);
+    length += usb_desc_msos_prop_name(prop, name);
+    data = (void *)(dest + length);
+
+    data->dwPropertyDataLength = cpu_to_le32(4);
+    data->bPropertyData[0] = (value)       & 0xff;
+    data->bPropertyData[1] = (value >>  8) & 0xff;
+    data->bPropertyData[2] = (value >> 16) & 0xff;
+    data->bPropertyData[3] = (value >> 24) & 0xff;
+    length += sizeof(*prop) + 4;
+
+    prop->dwLength = cpu_to_le32(length);
+    return length;
+}
+
+static int usb_desc_msos_prop(const USBDesc *desc, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+    msos_prop_hdr *hdr = (void *)dest;
+    int length = sizeof(*hdr);
+    int count = 0;
+
+    if (desc->msos->Label) {
+        /*
+         * Given as example in the specs.  Havn't figured yet where
+         * this label shows up in the windows gui.
+         */
+        length += usb_desc_msos_prop_str(dest+length, MSOS_REG_SZ,
+                                         L"Label", desc->msos->Label);
+        count++;
+    }
+
+    if (desc->msos->SelectiveSuspendEnabled) {
+        /*
+         * Signaling remote wakeup capability in the standard usb
+         * descriptors isn't enouth to make windows actually use it.
+         * This is the "Yes, we really mean it" registy entry to flip
+         * the switch in the windows drivers.
+         */
+        length += usb_desc_msos_prop_dword(dest+length,
+                                           L"SelectiveSuspendEnabled", 1);
+        count++;
+    }
+
+    hdr->dwLength      = cpu_to_le32(length);
+    hdr->bcdVersion_lo = 0x00;
+    hdr->bcdVersion_hi = 0x01;
+    hdr->wIndex_lo     = 0x05;
+    hdr->wIndex_hi     = 0x00;
+    hdr->wCount_lo     = usb_lo(count);
+    hdr->wCount_hi     = usb_hi(count);
+    return length;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+int usb_desc_msos(const USBDesc *desc,  USBPacket *p,
+                  int index, uint8_t *dest, size_t len)
+{
+    void *buf = g_malloc0(4096);
+    int length = 0;
+
+    switch (index) {
+    case 0x0004:
+        length = usb_desc_msos_compat(desc, buf);
+        break;
+    case 0x0005:
+        length = usb_desc_msos_prop(desc, buf);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (length > len) {
+        length = len;
+    }
+    memcpy(dest, buf, length);
+    free(buf);
+
+    p->actual_length = length;
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/hw/usb/desc.c b/hw/usb/desc.c
index f18a043500..f133ddb9db 100644
--- a/hw/usb/desc.c
+++ b/hw/usb/desc.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
 int usb_desc_device(const USBDescID *id, const USBDescDevice *dev,
-                    uint8_t *dest, size_t len)
+                    bool msos, uint8_t *dest, size_t len)
 {
     uint8_t bLength = 0x12;
     USBDescriptor *d = (void *)dest;
@@ -19,8 +19,18 @@ int usb_desc_device(const USBDescID *id, const USBDescDevice *dev,
     d->bLength                     = bLength;
     d->bDescriptorType             = USB_DT_DEVICE;
 
-    d->u.device.bcdUSB_lo          = usb_lo(dev->bcdUSB);
-    d->u.device.bcdUSB_hi          = usb_hi(dev->bcdUSB);
+    if (msos && dev->bcdUSB < 0x0200) {
+        /*
+         * Version 2.0+ required for microsoft os descriptors to work.
+         * Done this way so msos-desc compat property will handle both
+         * the version and the new descriptors being present.
+         */
+        d->u.device.bcdUSB_lo          = usb_lo(0x0200);
+        d->u.device.bcdUSB_hi          = usb_hi(0x0200);
+    } else {
+        d->u.device.bcdUSB_lo          = usb_lo(dev->bcdUSB);
+        d->u.device.bcdUSB_hi          = usb_hi(dev->bcdUSB);
+    }
     d->u.device.bDeviceClass       = dev->bDeviceClass;
     d->u.device.bDeviceSubClass    = dev->bDeviceSubClass;
     d->u.device.bDeviceProtocol    = dev->bDeviceProtocol;
@@ -499,6 +509,10 @@ void usb_desc_init(USBDevice *dev)
     if (desc->super) {
         dev->speedmask |= USB_SPEED_MASK_SUPER;
     }
+    if (desc->msos && (dev->flags & (1 << USB_DEV_FLAG_MSOS_DESC_ENABLE))) {
+        dev->flags |= (1 << USB_DEV_FLAG_MSOS_DESC_IN_USE);
+        usb_desc_set_string(dev, 0xee, "MSFT100Q");
+    }
     usb_desc_setdefaults(dev);
 }
 
@@ -626,6 +640,7 @@ int usb_desc_string(USBDevice *dev, int index, uint8_t *dest, size_t len)
 int usb_desc_get_descriptor(USBDevice *dev, USBPacket *p,
                             int value, uint8_t *dest, size_t len)
 {
+    bool msos = (dev->flags & (1 << USB_DEV_FLAG_MSOS_DESC_IN_USE));
     const USBDesc *desc = usb_device_get_usb_desc(dev);
     const USBDescDevice *other_dev;
     uint8_t buf[256];
@@ -646,7 +661,7 @@ int usb_desc_get_descriptor(USBDevice *dev, USBPacket *p,
 
     switch(type) {
     case USB_DT_DEVICE:
-        ret = usb_desc_device(&desc->id, dev->device, buf, sizeof(buf));
+        ret = usb_desc_device(&desc->id, dev->device, msos, buf, sizeof(buf));
         trace_usb_desc_device(dev->addr, len, ret);
         break;
     case USB_DT_CONFIG:
@@ -703,6 +718,7 @@ int usb_desc_get_descriptor(USBDevice *dev, USBPacket *p,
 int usb_desc_handle_control(USBDevice *dev, USBPacket *p,
         int request, int value, int index, int length, uint8_t *data)
 {
+    bool msos = (dev->flags & (1 << USB_DEV_FLAG_MSOS_DESC_IN_USE));
     const USBDesc *desc = usb_device_get_usb_desc(dev);
     int ret = -1;
 
@@ -782,6 +798,19 @@ int usb_desc_handle_control(USBDevice *dev, USBPacket *p,
         trace_usb_set_interface(dev->addr, index, value, ret);
         break;
 
+    case VendorDeviceRequest | 'Q':
+        if (msos) {
+            ret = usb_desc_msos(desc, p, index, data, length);
+            trace_usb_desc_msos(dev->addr, index, length, ret);
+        }
+        break;
+    case VendorInterfaceRequest | 'Q':
+        if (msos) {
+            ret = usb_desc_msos(desc, p, index, data, length);
+            trace_usb_desc_msos(dev->addr, index, length, ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
     }
     return ret;
 }
diff --git a/hw/usb/desc.h b/hw/usb/desc.h
index 81327b0e74..2b4fcdae76 100644
--- a/hw/usb/desc.h
+++ b/hw/usb/desc.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define QEMU_HW_USB_DESC_H
 
 #include <inttypes.h>
+#include <wchar.h>
 
 /* binary representation */
 typedef struct USBDescriptor {
@@ -182,6 +183,11 @@ struct USBDescOther {
     const uint8_t             *data;
 };
 
+struct USBDescMSOS {
+    const wchar_t             *Label;
+    bool                      SelectiveSuspendEnabled;
+};
+
 typedef const char *USBDescStrings[256];
 
 struct USBDesc {
@@ -190,6 +196,7 @@ struct USBDesc {
     const USBDescDevice       *high;
     const USBDescDevice       *super;
     const char* const         *str;
+    const USBDescMSOS         *msos;
 };
 
 #define USB_DESC_FLAG_SUPER (1 << 1)
@@ -207,7 +214,7 @@ static inline uint8_t usb_hi(uint16_t val)
 
 /* generate usb packages from structs */
 int usb_desc_device(const USBDescID *id, const USBDescDevice *dev,
-                    uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
+                    bool msos, uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
 int usb_desc_device_qualifier(const USBDescDevice *dev,
                               uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
 int usb_desc_config(const USBDescConfig *conf, int flags,
@@ -219,6 +226,8 @@ int usb_desc_iface(const USBDescIface *iface, int flags,
 int usb_desc_endpoint(const USBDescEndpoint *ep, int flags,
                       uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
 int usb_desc_other(const USBDescOther *desc, uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
+int usb_desc_msos(const USBDesc *desc, USBPacket *p,
+                  int index, uint8_t *dest, size_t len);
 
 /* control message emulation helpers */
 void usb_desc_init(USBDevice *dev);
diff --git a/hw/usb/dev-hid.c b/hw/usb/dev-hid.c
index 5e667f0199..2966066682 100644
--- a/hw/usb/dev-hid.c
+++ b/hw/usb/dev-hid.c
@@ -261,6 +261,10 @@ static const USBDescDevice desc_device_keyboard = {
     },
 };
 
+static const USBDescMSOS desc_msos_suspend = {
+    .SelectiveSuspendEnabled = true,
+};
+
 static const USBDesc desc_mouse = {
     .id = {
         .idVendor          = 0x0627,
@@ -272,6 +276,7 @@ static const USBDesc desc_mouse = {
     },
     .full = &desc_device_mouse,
     .str  = desc_strings,
+    .msos = &desc_msos_suspend,
 };
 
 static const USBDesc desc_tablet = {
@@ -285,6 +290,7 @@ static const USBDesc desc_tablet = {
     },
     .full = &desc_device_tablet,
     .str  = desc_strings,
+    .msos = &desc_msos_suspend,
 };
 
 static const USBDesc desc_tablet2 = {
@@ -299,6 +305,7 @@ static const USBDesc desc_tablet2 = {
     .full = &desc_device_tablet,
     .high = &desc_device_tablet2,
     .str  = desc_strings,
+    .msos = &desc_msos_suspend,
 };
 
 static const USBDesc desc_keyboard = {
@@ -312,6 +319,7 @@ static const USBDesc desc_keyboard = {
     },
     .full = &desc_device_keyboard,
     .str  = desc_strings,
+    .msos = &desc_msos_suspend,
 };
 
 static const uint8_t qemu_mouse_hid_report_descriptor[] = {
diff --git a/hw/virtio/dataplane/Makefile.objs b/hw/virtio/dataplane/Makefile.objs
index a91bf33c8b..9a8cfc0297 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/dataplane/Makefile.objs
+++ b/hw/virtio/dataplane/Makefile.objs
@@ -1 +1 @@
-common-obj-y += hostmem.o vring.o
+common-obj-y += vring.o
diff --git a/hw/virtio/dataplane/hostmem.c b/hw/virtio/dataplane/hostmem.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 901d98b8a0..0000000000
--- a/hw/virtio/dataplane/hostmem.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Thread-safe guest to host memory mapping
- *
- * Copyright 2012 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
- *
- * Authors:
- *   Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
- *
- * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
- * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
- *
- */
-
-#include "exec/address-spaces.h"
-#include "hw/virtio/dataplane/hostmem.h"
-
-static int hostmem_lookup_cmp(const void *phys_, const void *region_)
-{
-    hwaddr phys = *(const hwaddr *)phys_;
-    const HostMemRegion *region = region_;
-
-    if (phys < region->guest_addr) {
-        return -1;
-    } else if (phys >= region->guest_addr + region->size) {
-        return 1;
-    } else {
-        return 0;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * Map guest physical address to host pointer
- */
-void *hostmem_lookup(HostMem *hostmem, hwaddr phys, hwaddr len, bool is_write)
-{
-    HostMemRegion *region;
-    void *host_addr = NULL;
-    hwaddr offset_within_region;
-
-    qemu_mutex_lock(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-    region = bsearch(&phys, hostmem->current_regions,
-                     hostmem->num_current_regions,
-                     sizeof(hostmem->current_regions[0]),
-                     hostmem_lookup_cmp);
-    if (!region) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-    if (is_write && region->readonly) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-    offset_within_region = phys - region->guest_addr;
-    if (len <= region->size - offset_within_region) {
-        host_addr = region->host_addr + offset_within_region;
-    }
-out:
-    qemu_mutex_unlock(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-
-    return host_addr;
-}
-
-/**
- * Install new regions list
- */
-static void hostmem_listener_commit(MemoryListener *listener)
-{
-    HostMem *hostmem = container_of(listener, HostMem, listener);
-    int i;
-
-    qemu_mutex_lock(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-    for (i = 0; i < hostmem->num_current_regions; i++) {
-        memory_region_unref(hostmem->current_regions[i].mr);
-    }
-    g_free(hostmem->current_regions);
-    hostmem->current_regions = hostmem->new_regions;
-    hostmem->num_current_regions = hostmem->num_new_regions;
-    qemu_mutex_unlock(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-
-    /* Reset new regions list */
-    hostmem->new_regions = NULL;
-    hostmem->num_new_regions = 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * Add a MemoryRegionSection to the new regions list
- */
-static void hostmem_append_new_region(HostMem *hostmem,
-                                      MemoryRegionSection *section)
-{
-    void *ram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(section->mr);
-    size_t num = hostmem->num_new_regions;
-    size_t new_size = (num + 1) * sizeof(hostmem->new_regions[0]);
-
-    hostmem->new_regions = g_realloc(hostmem->new_regions, new_size);
-    hostmem->new_regions[num] = (HostMemRegion){
-        .host_addr = ram_ptr + section->offset_within_region,
-        .guest_addr = section->offset_within_address_space,
-        .size = int128_get64(section->size),
-        .readonly = section->readonly,
-        .mr = section->mr,
-    };
-    hostmem->num_new_regions++;
-
-    memory_region_ref(section->mr);
-}
-
-static void hostmem_listener_append_region(MemoryListener *listener,
-                                           MemoryRegionSection *section)
-{
-    HostMem *hostmem = container_of(listener, HostMem, listener);
-
-    /* Ignore non-RAM regions, we may not be able to map them */
-    if (!memory_region_is_ram(section->mr)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /* Ignore regions with dirty logging, we cannot mark them dirty */
-    if (memory_region_is_logging(section->mr)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    hostmem_append_new_region(hostmem, section);
-}
-
-/* We don't implement most MemoryListener callbacks, use these nop stubs */
-static void hostmem_listener_dummy(MemoryListener *listener)
-{
-}
-
-static void hostmem_listener_section_dummy(MemoryListener *listener,
-                                           MemoryRegionSection *section)
-{
-}
-
-static void hostmem_listener_eventfd_dummy(MemoryListener *listener,
-                                           MemoryRegionSection *section,
-                                           bool match_data, uint64_t data,
-                                           EventNotifier *e)
-{
-}
-
-static void hostmem_listener_coalesced_mmio_dummy(MemoryListener *listener,
-                                                  MemoryRegionSection *section,
-                                                  hwaddr addr, hwaddr len)
-{
-}
-
-void hostmem_init(HostMem *hostmem)
-{
-    memset(hostmem, 0, sizeof(*hostmem));
-
-    qemu_mutex_init(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-
-    hostmem->listener = (MemoryListener){
-        .begin = hostmem_listener_dummy,
-        .commit = hostmem_listener_commit,
-        .region_add = hostmem_listener_append_region,
-        .region_del = hostmem_listener_section_dummy,
-        .region_nop = hostmem_listener_append_region,
-        .log_start = hostmem_listener_section_dummy,
-        .log_stop = hostmem_listener_section_dummy,
-        .log_sync = hostmem_listener_section_dummy,
-        .log_global_start = hostmem_listener_dummy,
-        .log_global_stop = hostmem_listener_dummy,
-        .eventfd_add = hostmem_listener_eventfd_dummy,
-        .eventfd_del = hostmem_listener_eventfd_dummy,
-        .coalesced_mmio_add = hostmem_listener_coalesced_mmio_dummy,
-        .coalesced_mmio_del = hostmem_listener_coalesced_mmio_dummy,
-        .priority = 10,
-    };
-
-    memory_listener_register(&hostmem->listener, &address_space_memory);
-    if (hostmem->num_new_regions > 0) {
-        hostmem_listener_commit(&hostmem->listener);
-    }
-}
-
-void hostmem_finalize(HostMem *hostmem)
-{
-    memory_listener_unregister(&hostmem->listener);
-    g_free(hostmem->new_regions);
-    g_free(hostmem->current_regions);
-    qemu_mutex_destroy(&hostmem->current_regions_lock);
-}
diff --git a/hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.c b/hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.c
index 351a343806..665a1ffcb3 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.c
@@ -15,9 +15,53 @@
  */
 
 #include "trace.h"
+#include "hw/hw.h"
+#include "exec/memory.h"
+#include "exec/address-spaces.h"
 #include "hw/virtio/dataplane/vring.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 
+/* vring_map can be coupled with vring_unmap or (if you still have the
+ * value returned in *mr) memory_region_unref.
+ */
+static void *vring_map(MemoryRegion **mr, hwaddr phys, hwaddr len,
+                       bool is_write)
+{
+    MemoryRegionSection section = memory_region_find(get_system_memory(), phys, len);
+
+    if (!section.mr || int128_get64(section.size) < len) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if (is_write && section.readonly) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if (!memory_region_is_ram(section.mr)) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Ignore regions with dirty logging, we cannot mark them dirty */
+    if (memory_region_is_logging(section.mr)) {
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    *mr = section.mr;
+    return memory_region_get_ram_ptr(section.mr) + section.offset_within_region;
+
+out:
+    memory_region_unref(section.mr);
+    *mr = NULL;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void vring_unmap(void *buffer, bool is_write)
+{
+    ram_addr_t addr;
+    MemoryRegion *mr;
+
+    mr = qemu_ram_addr_from_host(buffer, &addr);
+    memory_region_unref(mr);
+}
+
 /* Map the guest's vring to host memory */
 bool vring_setup(Vring *vring, VirtIODevice *vdev, int n)
 {
@@ -27,8 +71,7 @@ bool vring_setup(Vring *vring, VirtIODevice *vdev, int n)
 
     vring->broken = false;
 
-    hostmem_init(&vring->hostmem);
-    vring_ptr = hostmem_lookup(&vring->hostmem, vring_addr, vring_size, true);
+    vring_ptr = vring_map(&vring->mr, vring_addr, vring_size, true);
     if (!vring_ptr) {
         error_report("Failed to map vring "
                      "addr %#" HWADDR_PRIx " size %" HWADDR_PRIu,
@@ -54,7 +97,7 @@ void vring_teardown(Vring *vring, VirtIODevice *vdev, int n)
     virtio_queue_set_last_avail_idx(vdev, n, vring->last_avail_idx);
     virtio_queue_invalidate_signalled_used(vdev, n);
 
-    hostmem_finalize(&vring->hostmem);
+    memory_region_unref(vring->mr);
 }
 
 /* Disable guest->host notifies */
@@ -110,14 +153,61 @@ bool vring_should_notify(VirtIODevice *vdev, Vring *vring)
     return vring_need_event(vring_used_event(&vring->vr), new, old);
 }
 
+
+static int get_desc(Vring *vring, VirtQueueElement *elem,
+                    struct vring_desc *desc)
+{
+    unsigned *num;
+    struct iovec *iov;
+    hwaddr *addr;
+    MemoryRegion *mr;
+
+    if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE) {
+        num = &elem->in_num;
+        iov = &elem->in_sg[*num];
+        addr = &elem->in_addr[*num];
+    } else {
+        num = &elem->out_num;
+        iov = &elem->out_sg[*num];
+        addr = &elem->out_addr[*num];
+
+        /* If it's an output descriptor, they're all supposed
+         * to come before any input descriptors. */
+        if (unlikely(elem->in_num)) {
+            error_report("Descriptor has out after in");
+            return -EFAULT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Stop for now if there are not enough iovecs available. */
+    if (*num >= VIRTQUEUE_MAX_SIZE) {
+        return -ENOBUFS;
+    }
+
+    /* TODO handle non-contiguous memory across region boundaries */
+    iov->iov_base = vring_map(&mr, desc->addr, desc->len,
+                              desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE);
+    if (!iov->iov_base) {
+        error_report("Failed to map descriptor addr %#" PRIx64 " len %u",
+                     (uint64_t)desc->addr, desc->len);
+        return -EFAULT;
+    }
+
+    /* The MemoryRegion is looked up again and unref'ed later, leave the
+     * ref in place.  */
+    iov->iov_len = desc->len;
+    *addr = desc->addr;
+    *num += 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
 /* This is stolen from linux/drivers/vhost/vhost.c. */
-static int get_indirect(Vring *vring,
-                        struct iovec iov[], struct iovec *iov_end,
-                        unsigned int *out_num, unsigned int *in_num,
+static int get_indirect(Vring *vring, VirtQueueElement *elem,
                         struct vring_desc *indirect)
 {
     struct vring_desc desc;
     unsigned int i = 0, count, found = 0;
+    int ret;
 
     /* Sanity check */
     if (unlikely(indirect->len % sizeof(desc))) {
@@ -139,11 +229,12 @@ static int get_indirect(Vring *vring,
 
     do {
         struct vring_desc *desc_ptr;
+        MemoryRegion *mr;
 
         /* Translate indirect descriptor */
-        desc_ptr = hostmem_lookup(&vring->hostmem,
-                                  indirect->addr + found * sizeof(desc),
-                                  sizeof(desc), false);
+        desc_ptr = vring_map(&mr,
+                             indirect->addr + found * sizeof(desc),
+                             sizeof(desc), false);
         if (!desc_ptr) {
             error_report("Failed to map indirect descriptor "
                          "addr %#" PRIx64 " len %zu",
@@ -153,6 +244,7 @@ static int get_indirect(Vring *vring,
             return -EFAULT;
         }
         desc = *desc_ptr;
+        memory_region_unref(mr);
 
         /* Ensure descriptor has been loaded before accessing fields */
         barrier(); /* read_barrier_depends(); */
@@ -170,42 +262,35 @@ static int get_indirect(Vring *vring,
             return -EFAULT;
         }
 
-        /* Stop for now if there are not enough iovecs available. */
-        if (iov >= iov_end) {
-            return -ENOBUFS;
-        }
-
-        iov->iov_base = hostmem_lookup(&vring->hostmem, desc.addr, desc.len,
-                                       desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE);
-        if (!iov->iov_base) {
-            error_report("Failed to map indirect descriptor"
-                         "addr %#" PRIx64 " len %u",
-                         (uint64_t)desc.addr, desc.len);
-            vring->broken = true;
-            return -EFAULT;
-        }
-        iov->iov_len = desc.len;
-        iov++;
-
-        /* If this is an input descriptor, increment that count. */
-        if (desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE) {
-            *in_num += 1;
-        } else {
-            /* If it's an output descriptor, they're all supposed
-             * to come before any input descriptors. */
-            if (unlikely(*in_num)) {
-                error_report("Indirect descriptor "
-                             "has out after in: idx %u", i);
-                vring->broken = true;
-                return -EFAULT;
-            }
-            *out_num += 1;
+        ret = get_desc(vring, elem, &desc);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            vring->broken |= (ret == -EFAULT);
+            return ret;
         }
         i = desc.next;
     } while (desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT);
     return 0;
 }
 
+void vring_free_element(VirtQueueElement *elem)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    /* This assumes that the iovecs, if changed, are never moved past
+     * the end of the valid area.  This is true if iovec manipulations
+     * are done with iov_discard_front and iov_discard_back.
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < elem->out_num; i++) {
+        vring_unmap(elem->out_sg[i].iov_base, false);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < elem->in_num; i++) {
+        vring_unmap(elem->in_sg[i].iov_base, true);
+    }
+
+    g_slice_free(VirtQueueElement, elem);
+}
+
 /* This looks in the virtqueue and for the first available buffer, and converts
  * it to an iovec for convenient access.  Since descriptors consist of some
  * number of output then some number of input descriptors, it's actually two
@@ -218,16 +303,18 @@ static int get_indirect(Vring *vring,
  * Stolen from linux/drivers/vhost/vhost.c.
  */
 int vring_pop(VirtIODevice *vdev, Vring *vring,
-              struct iovec iov[], struct iovec *iov_end,
-              unsigned int *out_num, unsigned int *in_num)
+              VirtQueueElement **p_elem)
 {
     struct vring_desc desc;
     unsigned int i, head, found = 0, num = vring->vr.num;
     uint16_t avail_idx, last_avail_idx;
+    VirtQueueElement *elem = NULL;
+    int ret;
 
     /* If there was a fatal error then refuse operation */
     if (vring->broken) {
-        return -EFAULT;
+        ret = -EFAULT;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     /* Check it isn't doing very strange things with descriptor numbers. */
@@ -238,13 +325,14 @@ int vring_pop(VirtIODevice *vdev, Vring *vring,
     if (unlikely((uint16_t)(avail_idx - last_avail_idx) > num)) {
         error_report("Guest moved used index from %u to %u",
                      last_avail_idx, avail_idx);
-        vring->broken = true;
-        return -EFAULT;
+        ret = -EFAULT;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     /* If there's nothing new since last we looked. */
     if (avail_idx == last_avail_idx) {
-        return -EAGAIN;
+        ret = -EAGAIN;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     /* Only get avail ring entries after they have been exposed by guest. */
@@ -254,32 +342,33 @@ int vring_pop(VirtIODevice *vdev, Vring *vring,
      * the index we've seen. */
     head = vring->vr.avail->ring[last_avail_idx % num];
 
+    elem = g_slice_new(VirtQueueElement);
+    elem->index = head;
+    elem->in_num = elem->out_num = 0;
+    
     /* If their number is silly, that's an error. */
     if (unlikely(head >= num)) {
         error_report("Guest says index %u > %u is available", head, num);
-        vring->broken = true;
-        return -EFAULT;
+        ret = -EFAULT;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     if (vdev->guest_features & (1 << VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX)) {
         vring_avail_event(&vring->vr) = vring->vr.avail->idx;
     }
 
-    /* When we start there are none of either input nor output. */
-    *out_num = *in_num = 0;
-
     i = head;
     do {
         if (unlikely(i >= num)) {
             error_report("Desc index is %u > %u, head = %u", i, num, head);
-            vring->broken = true;
-            return -EFAULT;
+            ret = -EFAULT;
+            goto out;
         }
         if (unlikely(++found > num)) {
             error_report("Loop detected: last one at %u vq size %u head %u",
                          i, num, head);
-            vring->broken = true;
-            return -EFAULT;
+            ret = -EFAULT;
+            goto out;
         }
         desc = vring->vr.desc[i];
 
@@ -287,64 +376,50 @@ int vring_pop(VirtIODevice *vdev, Vring *vring,
         barrier();
 
         if (desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT) {
-            int ret = get_indirect(vring, iov, iov_end, out_num, in_num, &desc);
+            ret = get_indirect(vring, elem, &desc);
             if (ret < 0) {
-                return ret;
+                goto out;
             }
             continue;
         }
 
-        /* If there are not enough iovecs left, stop for now.  The caller
-         * should check if there are more descs available once they have dealt
-         * with the current set.
-         */
-        if (iov >= iov_end) {
-            return -ENOBUFS;
+        ret = get_desc(vring, elem, &desc);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            goto out;
         }
 
-        /* TODO handle non-contiguous memory across region boundaries */
-        iov->iov_base = hostmem_lookup(&vring->hostmem, desc.addr, desc.len,
-                                       desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE);
-        if (!iov->iov_base) {
-            error_report("Failed to map vring desc addr %#" PRIx64 " len %u",
-                         (uint64_t)desc.addr, desc.len);
-            vring->broken = true;
-            return -EFAULT;
-        }
-        iov->iov_len  = desc.len;
-        iov++;
-
-        if (desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_WRITE) {
-            /* If this is an input descriptor,
-             * increment that count. */
-            *in_num += 1;
-        } else {
-            /* If it's an output descriptor, they're all supposed
-             * to come before any input descriptors. */
-            if (unlikely(*in_num)) {
-                error_report("Descriptor has out after in: idx %d", i);
-                vring->broken = true;
-                return -EFAULT;
-            }
-            *out_num += 1;
-        }
         i = desc.next;
     } while (desc.flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT);
 
     /* On success, increment avail index. */
     vring->last_avail_idx++;
+    *p_elem = elem;
     return head;
+
+out:
+    assert(ret < 0);
+    if (ret == -EFAULT) {
+        vring->broken = true;
+    }
+    if (elem) {
+        vring_free_element(elem);
+    }
+    *p_elem = NULL;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 /* After we've used one of their buffers, we tell them about it.
  *
  * Stolen from linux/drivers/vhost/vhost.c.
  */
-void vring_push(Vring *vring, unsigned int head, int len)
+void vring_push(Vring *vring, VirtQueueElement *elem, int len)
 {
     struct vring_used_elem *used;
+    unsigned int head = elem->index;
     uint16_t new;
 
+    vring_free_element(elem);
+
     /* Don't touch vring if a fatal error occurred */
     if (vring->broken) {
         return;
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-balloon.c b/hw/virtio/virtio-balloon.c
index 9504877120..d9754dbd33 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-balloon.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-balloon.c
@@ -337,10 +337,10 @@ static int virtio_balloon_load(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_balloon_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_balloon_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIOBalloon *s = VIRTIO_BALLOON(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOBalloon *s = VIRTIO_BALLOON(dev);
     int ret;
 
     virtio_init(vdev, "virtio-balloon", VIRTIO_ID_BALLOON, 8);
@@ -349,37 +349,36 @@ static int virtio_balloon_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
                                    virtio_balloon_stat, s);
 
     if (ret < 0) {
-        virtio_cleanup(VIRTIO_DEVICE(s));
-        return -1;
+        error_setg(errp, "Adding balloon handler failed");
+        virtio_cleanup(vdev);
+        return;
     }
 
     s->ivq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_balloon_handle_output);
     s->dvq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_balloon_handle_output);
     s->svq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 128, virtio_balloon_receive_stats);
 
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-balloon", -1, 1,
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-balloon", -1, 1,
                     virtio_balloon_save, virtio_balloon_load, s);
 
-    object_property_add(OBJECT(qdev), "guest-stats", "guest statistics",
+    object_property_add(OBJECT(dev), "guest-stats", "guest statistics",
                         balloon_stats_get_all, NULL, NULL, s, NULL);
 
-    object_property_add(OBJECT(qdev), "guest-stats-polling-interval", "int",
+    object_property_add(OBJECT(dev), "guest-stats-polling-interval", "int",
                         balloon_stats_get_poll_interval,
                         balloon_stats_set_poll_interval,
                         NULL, s, NULL);
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_balloon_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_balloon_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIOBalloon *s = VIRTIO_BALLOON(qdev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIOBalloon *s = VIRTIO_BALLOON(dev);
 
     balloon_stats_destroy_timer(s);
     qemu_remove_balloon_handler(s);
-    unregister_savevm(qdev, "virtio-balloon", s);
+    unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-balloon", s);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static Property virtio_balloon_properties[] = {
@@ -390,10 +389,11 @@ static void virtio_balloon_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_balloon_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_balloon_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_MISC, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_balloon_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_balloon_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_balloon_device_unrealize;
     vdc->get_config = virtio_balloon_get_config;
     vdc->set_config = virtio_balloon_set_config;
     vdc->get_features = virtio_balloon_get_features;
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-bus.c b/hw/virtio/virtio-bus.c
index e6b103c991..eb77019267 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-bus.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-bus.c
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ do { printf("virtio_bus: " fmt , ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
 #endif
 
-/* Plug the VirtIODevice */
-int virtio_bus_plug_device(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+/* A VirtIODevice is being plugged */
+int virtio_bus_device_plugged(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 {
     DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
     BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(qdev));
@@ -46,8 +46,6 @@ int virtio_bus_plug_device(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     VirtioBusClass *klass = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
     DPRINTF("%s: plug device.\n", qbus->name);
 
-    bus->vdev = vdev;
-
     if (klass->device_plugged != NULL) {
         klass->device_plugged(qbus->parent);
     }
@@ -58,73 +56,83 @@ int virtio_bus_plug_device(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 /* Reset the virtio_bus */
 void virtio_bus_reset(VirtioBusState *bus)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
+
     DPRINTF("%s: reset device.\n", qbus->name);
-    if (bus->vdev != NULL) {
-        virtio_reset(bus->vdev);
+    if (vdev != NULL) {
+        virtio_reset(vdev);
     }
 }
 
-/* Destroy the VirtIODevice */
-void virtio_bus_destroy_device(VirtioBusState *bus)
+/* A VirtIODevice is being unplugged */
+void virtio_bus_device_unplugged(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 {
-    BusState *qbus = BUS(bus);
-    VirtioBusClass *klass = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(bus);
+    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
+    BusState *qbus = BUS(qdev_get_parent_bus(qdev));
+    VirtioBusClass *klass = VIRTIO_BUS_GET_CLASS(qbus);
+
     DPRINTF("%s: remove device.\n", qbus->name);
 
-    if (bus->vdev != NULL) {
-        if (klass->device_unplug != NULL) {
-            klass->device_unplug(qbus->parent);
+    if (vdev != NULL) {
+        if (klass->device_unplugged != NULL) {
+            klass->device_unplugged(qbus->parent);
         }
-        object_unparent(OBJECT(bus->vdev));
-        bus->vdev = NULL;
     }
 }
 
 /* Get the device id of the plugged device. */
 uint16_t virtio_bus_get_vdev_id(VirtioBusState *bus)
 {
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    return bus->vdev->device_id;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    return vdev->device_id;
 }
 
 /* Get the config_len field of the plugged device. */
 size_t virtio_bus_get_vdev_config_len(VirtioBusState *bus)
 {
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    return bus->vdev->config_len;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    return vdev->config_len;
 }
 
 /* Get the features of the plugged device. */
 uint32_t virtio_bus_get_vdev_features(VirtioBusState *bus,
                                     uint32_t requested_features)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k;
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(bus->vdev);
+
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     assert(k->get_features != NULL);
-    return k->get_features(bus->vdev, requested_features);
+    return k->get_features(vdev, requested_features);
 }
 
 /* Set the features of the plugged device. */
 void virtio_bus_set_vdev_features(VirtioBusState *bus,
                                       uint32_t requested_features)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k;
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(bus->vdev);
+
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     if (k->set_features != NULL) {
-        k->set_features(bus->vdev, requested_features);
+        k->set_features(vdev, requested_features);
     }
 }
 
 /* Get bad features of the plugged device. */
 uint32_t virtio_bus_get_vdev_bad_features(VirtioBusState *bus)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k;
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(bus->vdev);
+
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     if (k->bad_features != NULL) {
-        return k->bad_features(bus->vdev);
+        return k->bad_features(vdev);
     } else {
         return 0;
     }
@@ -133,22 +141,26 @@ uint32_t virtio_bus_get_vdev_bad_features(VirtioBusState *bus)
 /* Get config of the plugged device. */
 void virtio_bus_get_vdev_config(VirtioBusState *bus, uint8_t *config)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k;
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(bus->vdev);
+
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     if (k->get_config != NULL) {
-        k->get_config(bus->vdev, config);
+        k->get_config(vdev, config);
     }
 }
 
 /* Set config of the plugged device. */
 void virtio_bus_set_vdev_config(VirtioBusState *bus, uint8_t *config)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k;
-    assert(bus->vdev != NULL);
-    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(bus->vdev);
+
+    assert(vdev != NULL);
+    k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     if (k->set_config != NULL) {
-        k->set_config(bus->vdev, config);
+        k->set_config(vdev, config);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.c b/hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.c
index 29cf284d12..8829eb0e26 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-mmio.c
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static void virtio_mmio_bus_new(VirtioBusState *bus, size_t bus_size,
 static uint64_t virtio_mmio_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
 {
     VirtIOMMIOProxy *proxy = (VirtIOMMIOProxy *)opaque;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->bus.vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
 
     DPRINTF("virtio_mmio_read offset 0x%x\n", (int)offset);
 
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ static void virtio_mmio_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t value,
                               unsigned size)
 {
     VirtIOMMIOProxy *proxy = (VirtIOMMIOProxy *)opaque;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->bus.vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
 
     DPRINTF("virtio_mmio_write offset 0x%x value 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
             (int)offset, value);
@@ -298,12 +298,13 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps virtio_mem_ops = {
 static void virtio_mmio_update_irq(DeviceState *opaque, uint16_t vector)
 {
     VirtIOMMIOProxy *proxy = VIRTIO_MMIO(opaque);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     int level;
 
-    if (!proxy->bus.vdev) {
+    if (!vdev) {
         return;
     }
-    level = (proxy->bus.vdev->isr != 0);
+    level = (vdev->isr != 0);
     DPRINTF("virtio_mmio setting IRQ %d\n", level);
     qemu_set_irq(proxy->irq, level);
 }
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.c b/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.c
index 7647be8a3c..30c9f2b698 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.c
@@ -113,31 +113,40 @@ static inline VirtIOPCIProxy *to_virtio_pci_proxy_fast(DeviceState *d)
 static void virtio_pci_notify(DeviceState *d, uint16_t vector)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy_fast(d);
+
     if (msix_enabled(&proxy->pci_dev))
         msix_notify(&proxy->pci_dev, vector);
-    else
-        pci_set_irq(&proxy->pci_dev, proxy->vdev->isr & 1);
+    else {
+        VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+        pci_set_irq(&proxy->pci_dev, vdev->isr & 1);
+    }
 }
 
 static void virtio_pci_save_config(DeviceState *d, QEMUFile *f)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+
     pci_device_save(&proxy->pci_dev, f);
     msix_save(&proxy->pci_dev, f);
     if (msix_present(&proxy->pci_dev))
-        qemu_put_be16(f, proxy->vdev->config_vector);
+        qemu_put_be16(f, vdev->config_vector);
 }
 
 static void virtio_pci_save_queue(DeviceState *d, int n, QEMUFile *f)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+
     if (msix_present(&proxy->pci_dev))
-        qemu_put_be16(f, virtio_queue_vector(proxy->vdev, n));
+        qemu_put_be16(f, virtio_queue_vector(vdev, n));
 }
 
 static int virtio_pci_load_config(DeviceState *d, QEMUFile *f)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+
     int ret;
     ret = pci_device_load(&proxy->pci_dev, f);
     if (ret) {
@@ -146,12 +155,12 @@ static int virtio_pci_load_config(DeviceState *d, QEMUFile *f)
     msix_unuse_all_vectors(&proxy->pci_dev);
     msix_load(&proxy->pci_dev, f);
     if (msix_present(&proxy->pci_dev)) {
-        qemu_get_be16s(f, &proxy->vdev->config_vector);
+        qemu_get_be16s(f, &vdev->config_vector);
     } else {
-        proxy->vdev->config_vector = VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR;
+        vdev->config_vector = VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR;
     }
-    if (proxy->vdev->config_vector != VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR) {
-        return msix_vector_use(&proxy->pci_dev, proxy->vdev->config_vector);
+    if (vdev->config_vector != VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR) {
+        return msix_vector_use(&proxy->pci_dev, vdev->config_vector);
     }
     return 0;
 }
@@ -159,13 +168,15 @@ static int virtio_pci_load_config(DeviceState *d, QEMUFile *f)
 static int virtio_pci_load_queue(DeviceState *d, int n, QEMUFile *f)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+
     uint16_t vector;
     if (msix_present(&proxy->pci_dev)) {
         qemu_get_be16s(f, &vector);
     } else {
         vector = VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR;
     }
-    virtio_queue_set_vector(proxy->vdev, n, vector);
+    virtio_queue_set_vector(vdev, n, vector);
     if (vector != VIRTIO_NO_VECTOR) {
         return msix_vector_use(&proxy->pci_dev, vector);
     }
@@ -175,7 +186,8 @@ static int virtio_pci_load_queue(DeviceState *d, int n, QEMUFile *f)
 static int virtio_pci_set_host_notifier_internal(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
                                                  int n, bool assign, bool set_handler)
 {
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(proxy->vdev, n);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
     EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_host_notifier(vq);
     int r = 0;
 
@@ -200,6 +212,7 @@ static int virtio_pci_set_host_notifier_internal(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
 
 static void virtio_pci_start_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     int n, r;
 
     if (!(proxy->flags & VIRTIO_PCI_FLAG_USE_IOEVENTFD) ||
@@ -209,7 +222,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_start_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
     }
 
     for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(proxy->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -223,7 +236,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_start_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
 
 assign_error:
     while (--n >= 0) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(proxy->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -236,6 +249,7 @@ assign_error:
 
 static void virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
 {
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     int r;
     int n;
 
@@ -244,7 +258,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
     }
 
     for (n = 0; n < VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_MAX; n++) {
-        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(proxy->vdev, n)) {
+        if (!virtio_queue_get_num(vdev, n)) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -257,7 +271,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy)
 static void virtio_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = opaque;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     hwaddr pa;
 
     switch (addr) {
@@ -272,7 +286,7 @@ static void virtio_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
         pa = (hwaddr)val << VIRTIO_PCI_QUEUE_ADDR_SHIFT;
         if (pa == 0) {
             virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(proxy);
-            virtio_reset(proxy->vdev);
+            virtio_reset(vdev);
             msix_unuse_all_vectors(&proxy->pci_dev);
         }
         else
@@ -299,7 +313,7 @@ static void virtio_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
         }
 
         if (vdev->status == 0) {
-            virtio_reset(proxy->vdev);
+            virtio_reset(vdev);
             msix_unuse_all_vectors(&proxy->pci_dev);
         }
 
@@ -335,7 +349,7 @@ static void virtio_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 
 static uint32_t virtio_ioport_read(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy, uint32_t addr)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     uint32_t ret = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 
     switch (addr) {
@@ -381,6 +395,7 @@ static uint64_t virtio_pci_config_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
                                        unsigned size)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = opaque;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     uint32_t config = VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG(&proxy->pci_dev);
     uint64_t val = 0;
     if (addr < config) {
@@ -390,16 +405,16 @@ static uint64_t virtio_pci_config_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
 
     switch (size) {
     case 1:
-        val = virtio_config_readb(proxy->vdev, addr);
+        val = virtio_config_readb(vdev, addr);
         break;
     case 2:
-        val = virtio_config_readw(proxy->vdev, addr);
+        val = virtio_config_readw(vdev, addr);
         if (virtio_is_big_endian()) {
             val = bswap16(val);
         }
         break;
     case 4:
-        val = virtio_config_readl(proxy->vdev, addr);
+        val = virtio_config_readl(vdev, addr);
         if (virtio_is_big_endian()) {
             val = bswap32(val);
         }
@@ -413,6 +428,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_config_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = opaque;
     uint32_t config = VIRTIO_PCI_CONFIG(&proxy->pci_dev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     if (addr < config) {
         virtio_ioport_write(proxy, addr, val);
         return;
@@ -424,19 +440,19 @@ static void virtio_pci_config_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
      */
     switch (size) {
     case 1:
-        virtio_config_writeb(proxy->vdev, addr, val);
+        virtio_config_writeb(vdev, addr, val);
         break;
     case 2:
         if (virtio_is_big_endian()) {
             val = bswap16(val);
         }
-        virtio_config_writew(proxy->vdev, addr, val);
+        virtio_config_writew(vdev, addr, val);
         break;
     case 4:
         if (virtio_is_big_endian()) {
             val = bswap32(val);
         }
-        virtio_config_writel(proxy->vdev, addr, val);
+        virtio_config_writel(vdev, addr, val);
         break;
     }
 }
@@ -455,6 +471,7 @@ static void virtio_write_config(PCIDevice *pci_dev, uint32_t address,
                                 uint32_t val, int len)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = DO_UPCAST(VirtIOPCIProxy, pci_dev, pci_dev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
 
     pci_default_write_config(pci_dev, address, val, len);
 
@@ -462,8 +479,7 @@ static void virtio_write_config(PCIDevice *pci_dev, uint32_t address,
         !(pci_dev->config[PCI_COMMAND] & PCI_COMMAND_MASTER) &&
         !(proxy->flags & VIRTIO_PCI_FLAG_BUS_MASTER_BUG)) {
         virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(proxy);
-        virtio_set_status(proxy->vdev,
-                          proxy->vdev->status & ~VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
+        virtio_set_status(vdev, vdev->status & ~VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
     }
 }
 
@@ -506,7 +522,8 @@ static int kvm_virtio_pci_irqfd_use(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
                                  unsigned int vector)
 {
     VirtIOIRQFD *irqfd = &proxy->vector_irqfd[vector];
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(proxy->vdev, queue_no);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, queue_no);
     EventNotifier *n = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
     int ret;
     ret = kvm_irqchip_add_irqfd_notifier(kvm_state, n, NULL, irqfd->virq);
@@ -517,7 +534,8 @@ static void kvm_virtio_pci_irqfd_release(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
                                       unsigned int queue_no,
                                       unsigned int vector)
 {
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(proxy->vdev, queue_no);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, queue_no);
     EventNotifier *n = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
     VirtIOIRQFD *irqfd = &proxy->vector_irqfd[vector];
     int ret;
@@ -529,7 +547,7 @@ static void kvm_virtio_pci_irqfd_release(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
 static int kvm_virtio_pci_vector_use(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy, int nvqs)
 {
     PCIDevice *dev = &proxy->pci_dev;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     unsigned int vector;
     int ret, queue_no;
@@ -578,7 +596,7 @@ undo:
 static void kvm_virtio_pci_vector_release(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy, int nvqs)
 {
     PCIDevice *dev = &proxy->pci_dev;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     unsigned int vector;
     int queue_no;
     VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
@@ -606,8 +624,9 @@ static int virtio_pci_vq_vector_unmask(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
                                        unsigned int vector,
                                        MSIMessage msg)
 {
-    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(proxy->vdev);
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(proxy->vdev, queue_no);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, queue_no);
     EventNotifier *n = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
     VirtIOIRQFD *irqfd;
     int ret = 0;
@@ -626,10 +645,10 @@ static int virtio_pci_vq_vector_unmask(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
      * Otherwise, set it up now.
      */
     if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
-        k->guest_notifier_mask(proxy->vdev, queue_no, false);
+        k->guest_notifier_mask(vdev, queue_no, false);
         /* Test after unmasking to avoid losing events. */
         if (k->guest_notifier_pending &&
-            k->guest_notifier_pending(proxy->vdev, queue_no)) {
+            k->guest_notifier_pending(vdev, queue_no)) {
             event_notifier_set(n);
         }
     } else {
@@ -642,13 +661,14 @@ static void virtio_pci_vq_vector_mask(VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy,
                                              unsigned int queue_no,
                                              unsigned int vector)
 {
-    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(proxy->vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
 
     /* If guest supports masking, keep irqfd but mask it.
      * Otherwise, clean it up now.
      */ 
     if (k->guest_notifier_mask) {
-        k->guest_notifier_mask(proxy->vdev, queue_no, true);
+        k->guest_notifier_mask(vdev, queue_no, true);
     } else {
         kvm_virtio_pci_irqfd_release(proxy, queue_no, vector);
     }
@@ -658,7 +678,7 @@ static int virtio_pci_vector_unmask(PCIDevice *dev, unsigned vector,
                                     MSIMessage msg)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = container_of(dev, VirtIOPCIProxy, pci_dev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     int ret, queue_no;
 
     for (queue_no = 0; queue_no < proxy->nvqs_with_notifiers; queue_no++) {
@@ -688,7 +708,7 @@ undo:
 static void virtio_pci_vector_mask(PCIDevice *dev, unsigned vector)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = container_of(dev, VirtIOPCIProxy, pci_dev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     int queue_no;
 
     for (queue_no = 0; queue_no < proxy->nvqs_with_notifiers; queue_no++) {
@@ -707,7 +727,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_vector_poll(PCIDevice *dev,
                                    unsigned int vector_end)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = container_of(dev, VirtIOPCIProxy, pci_dev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     int queue_no;
     unsigned int vector;
@@ -739,8 +759,9 @@ static int virtio_pci_set_guest_notifier(DeviceState *d, int n, bool assign,
                                          bool with_irqfd)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
-    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(proxy->vdev);
-    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(proxy->vdev, n);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
+    VirtQueue *vq = virtio_get_queue(vdev, n);
     EventNotifier *notifier = virtio_queue_get_guest_notifier(vq);
 
     if (assign) {
@@ -755,7 +776,7 @@ static int virtio_pci_set_guest_notifier(DeviceState *d, int n, bool assign,
     }
 
     if (!msix_enabled(&proxy->pci_dev) && vdc->guest_notifier_mask) {
-        vdc->guest_notifier_mask(proxy->vdev, n, !assign);
+        vdc->guest_notifier_mask(vdev, n, !assign);
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -770,7 +791,7 @@ static bool virtio_pci_query_guest_notifiers(DeviceState *d)
 static int virtio_pci_set_guest_notifiers(DeviceState *d, int nvqs, bool assign)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = proxy->vdev;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
     VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(vdev);
     int r, n;
     bool with_irqfd = msix_enabled(&proxy->pci_dev) &&
@@ -864,11 +885,12 @@ static int virtio_pci_set_host_notifier(DeviceState *d, int n, bool assign)
 static void virtio_pci_vmstate_change(DeviceState *d, bool running)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = to_virtio_pci_proxy(d);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = virtio_bus_get_device(&proxy->bus);
 
     if (running) {
         /* Try to find out if the guest has bus master disabled, but is
            in ready state. Then we have a buggy guest OS. */
-        if ((proxy->vdev->status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) &&
+        if ((vdev->status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK) &&
             !(proxy->pci_dev.config[PCI_COMMAND] & PCI_COMMAND_MASTER)) {
             proxy->flags |= VIRTIO_PCI_FLAG_BUS_MASTER_BUG;
         }
@@ -943,8 +965,6 @@ static void virtio_pci_device_plugged(DeviceState *d)
     uint8_t *config;
     uint32_t size;
 
-    proxy->vdev = bus->vdev;
-
     config = proxy->pci_dev.config;
     if (proxy->class_code) {
         pci_config_set_class(config, proxy->class_code);
@@ -982,6 +1002,15 @@ static void virtio_pci_device_plugged(DeviceState *d)
                                                       proxy->host_features);
 }
 
+static void virtio_pci_device_unplugged(DeviceState *d)
+{
+    PCIDevice *pci_dev = PCI_DEVICE(d);
+    VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = VIRTIO_PCI(d);
+
+    virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(proxy);
+    msix_uninit_exclusive_bar(pci_dev);
+}
+
 static int virtio_pci_init(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *dev = VIRTIO_PCI(pci_dev);
@@ -996,9 +1025,7 @@ static int virtio_pci_init(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
 static void virtio_pci_exit(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
 {
     VirtIOPCIProxy *proxy = VIRTIO_PCI(pci_dev);
-    virtio_pci_stop_ioeventfd(proxy);
     memory_region_destroy(&proxy->bar);
-    msix_uninit_exclusive_bar(pci_dev);
 }
 
 static void virtio_pci_reset(DeviceState *qdev)
@@ -1533,6 +1560,7 @@ static void virtio_pci_bus_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     k->set_guest_notifiers = virtio_pci_set_guest_notifiers;
     k->vmstate_change = virtio_pci_vmstate_change;
     k->device_plugged = virtio_pci_device_plugged;
+    k->device_unplugged = virtio_pci_device_unplugged;
 }
 
 static const TypeInfo virtio_pci_bus_info = {
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h b/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h
index 917bcc5348..dc332ae774 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-pci.h
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ typedef struct VirtioPCIClass {
 
 struct VirtIOPCIProxy {
     PCIDevice pci_dev;
-    VirtIODevice *vdev;
     MemoryRegion bar;
     uint32_t flags;
     uint32_t class_code;
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio-rng.c b/hw/virtio/virtio-rng.c
index b22ccf1008..755fdee628 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio-rng.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio-rng.c
@@ -133,27 +133,27 @@ static void check_rate_limit(void *opaque)
                    qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + vrng->conf.period_ms);
 }
 
-static int virtio_rng_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
+static void virtio_rng_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    DeviceState *qdev = DEVICE(vdev);
-    VirtIORNG *vrng = VIRTIO_RNG(vdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIORNG *vrng = VIRTIO_RNG(dev);
     Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     if (!vrng->conf.period_ms > 0) {
-        qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "period",
-                      "a positive number");
-        return -1;
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "period",
+                  "a positive number");
+        return;
     }
 
     if (vrng->conf.rng == NULL) {
         vrng->conf.default_backend = RNG_RANDOM(object_new(TYPE_RNG_RANDOM));
 
-        object_property_add_child(OBJECT(qdev),
+        object_property_add_child(OBJECT(dev),
                                   "default-backend",
                                   OBJECT(vrng->conf.default_backend),
                                   NULL);
 
-        object_property_set_link(OBJECT(qdev),
+        object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev),
                                  OBJECT(vrng->conf.default_backend),
                                  "rng", NULL);
     }
@@ -162,15 +162,14 @@ static int virtio_rng_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
 
     vrng->rng = vrng->conf.rng;
     if (vrng->rng == NULL) {
-        qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "rng", "a valid object");
-        return -1;
+        error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "rng", "a valid object");
+        return;
     }
 
     rng_backend_open(vrng->rng, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
-        qerror_report_err(local_err);
-        error_free(local_err);
-        return -1;
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        return;
     }
 
     vrng->vq = virtio_add_queue(vdev, 8, handle_input);
@@ -184,22 +183,19 @@ static int virtio_rng_device_init(VirtIODevice *vdev)
     timer_mod(vrng->rate_limit_timer,
                    qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) + vrng->conf.period_ms);
 
-    register_savevm(qdev, "virtio-rng", -1, 1, virtio_rng_save,
+    register_savevm(dev, "virtio-rng", -1, 1, virtio_rng_save,
                     virtio_rng_load, vrng);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
-static int virtio_rng_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_rng_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIORNG *vrng = VIRTIO_RNG(qdev);
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtIORNG *vrng = VIRTIO_RNG(dev);
 
     timer_del(vrng->rate_limit_timer);
     timer_free(vrng->rate_limit_timer);
-    unregister_savevm(qdev, "virtio-rng", vrng);
+    unregister_savevm(dev, "virtio-rng", vrng);
     virtio_cleanup(vdev);
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static Property virtio_rng_properties[] = {
@@ -211,10 +207,11 @@ static void virtio_rng_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
     VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->exit = virtio_rng_device_exit;
+
     dc->props = virtio_rng_properties;
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_MISC, dc->categories);
-    vdc->init = virtio_rng_device_init;
+    vdc->realize = virtio_rng_device_realize;
+    vdc->unrealize = virtio_rng_device_unrealize;
     vdc->get_features = get_features;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/virtio/virtio.c b/hw/virtio/virtio.c
index 2f1e73bc75..a001e668c4 100644
--- a/hw/virtio/virtio.c
+++ b/hw/virtio/virtio.c
@@ -1150,35 +1150,51 @@ void virtio_device_set_child_bus_name(VirtIODevice *vdev, char *bus_name)
     }
 }
 
-static int virtio_device_init(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_device_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
-    VirtioDeviceClass *k = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(qdev);
-    assert(k->init != NULL);
-    if (k->init(vdev) < 0) {
-        return -1;
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    if (vdc->realize != NULL) {
+        vdc->realize(dev, &err);
+        if (err != NULL) {
+            error_propagate(errp, err);
+            return;
+        }
     }
-    virtio_bus_plug_device(vdev);
-    return 0;
+    virtio_bus_device_plugged(vdev);
 }
 
-static int virtio_device_exit(DeviceState *qdev)
+static void virtio_device_unrealize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(qdev);
+    VirtIODevice *vdev = VIRTIO_DEVICE(dev);
+    VirtioDeviceClass *vdc = VIRTIO_DEVICE_GET_CLASS(dev);
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    virtio_bus_device_unplugged(vdev);
+
+    if (vdc->unrealize != NULL) {
+        vdc->unrealize(dev, &err);
+        if (err != NULL) {
+            error_propagate(errp, err);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
 
     if (vdev->bus_name) {
         g_free(vdev->bus_name);
         vdev->bus_name = NULL;
     }
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static void virtio_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     /* Set the default value here. */
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
-    dc->init = virtio_device_init;
-    dc->exit = virtio_device_exit;
+
+    dc->realize = virtio_device_realize;
+    dc->unrealize = virtio_device_unrealize;
     dc->bus_type = TYPE_VIRTIO_BUS;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/watchdog/watchdog.c b/hw/watchdog/watchdog.c
index 387962ec4a..f28161b2d6 100644
--- a/hw/watchdog/watchdog.c
+++ b/hw/watchdog/watchdog.c
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ int select_watchdog(const char *p)
     QLIST_FOREACH(model, &watchdog_list, entry) {
         if (strcasecmp(model->wdt_name, p) == 0) {
             /* add the device */
-            opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(qemu_find_opts("device"));
+            opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                    &error_abort);
             qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", p);
             return 0;
         }
diff --git a/hw/xen/xen_apic.c b/hw/xen/xen_apic.c
index 9f91e0f0c9..63bb7f77c6 100644
--- a/hw/xen/xen_apic.c
+++ b/hw/xen/xen_apic.c
@@ -36,8 +36,10 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps xen_apic_io_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void xen_apic_init(APICCommonState *s)
+static void xen_apic_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
+    APICCommonState *s = APIC_COMMON(dev);
+
     memory_region_init_io(&s->io_memory, OBJECT(s), &xen_apic_io_ops, s,
                           "xen-apic-msi", APIC_SPACE_SIZE);
 
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ static void xen_apic_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     APICCommonClass *k = APIC_COMMON_CLASS(klass);
 
-    k->init = xen_apic_init;
+    k->realize = xen_apic_realize;
     k->set_base = xen_apic_set_base;
     k->set_tpr = xen_apic_set_tpr;
     k->get_tpr = xen_apic_get_tpr;