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-rw-r--r--hw/alpha/dp264.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/allwinner-h3.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c27
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/aspeed.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/fsl-imx25.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/fsl-imx6.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/fsl-imx6ul.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/fsl-imx7.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/gumstix.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/highbank.c12
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/integratorcp.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/kzm.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/mainstone.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/mps2-tz.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/mps2.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/msf2-soc.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/musicpal.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/npcm7xx.c16
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/realview.c25
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/stellaris.c30
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/versatilepb.c15
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/vexpress.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/virt.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c11
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/cris/axis_dev88.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/hppa/machine.c12
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc.c38
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc_piix.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/i386/pc_q35.c2
-rw-r--r--hw/loongarch/virt.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/m68k/mcf5208.c19
-rw-r--r--hw/m68k/q800.c29
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c3
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/fuloong2e.c16
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/jazz.c15
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/malta.c15
-rw-r--r--hw/mips/mipssim.c13
-rw-r--r--hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/net/lan9118.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/net/lasi_i82596.c13
-rw-r--r--hw/net/meson.build2
-rw-r--r--hw/net/smc91c111.c5
-rw-r--r--hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c18
-rw-r--r--hw/pci/pci.c73
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/e500.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/prep.c8
-rw-r--r--hw/ppc/spapr.c18
-rw-r--r--hw/riscv/microchip_pfsoc.c14
-rw-r--r--hw/riscv/sifive_u.c7
-rw-r--r--hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c11
-rw-r--r--hw/sh4/r2d.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/sparc/sun4m.c20
-rw-r--r--hw/sparc64/sun4u.c27
-rw-r--r--hw/xen/xen-bus.c6
-rw-r--r--hw/xen/xen_devconfig.c25
-rw-r--r--hw/xenpv/xen_machine_pv.c9
-rw-r--r--hw/xtensa/virt.c4
-rw-r--r--hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c13
68 files changed, 264 insertions, 474 deletions
diff --git a/hw/alpha/dp264.c b/hw/alpha/dp264.c
index 03495e1e60..52a1fa310b 100644
--- a/hw/alpha/dp264.c
+++ b/hw/alpha/dp264.c
@@ -124,9 +124,7 @@ static void clipper_init(MachineState *machine)
     pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
 
     /* Network setup.  e1000 is good enough, failing Tulip support.  */
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* Super I/O */
     isa_create_simple(isa_bus, TYPE_SMC37C669_SUPERIO);
diff --git a/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c b/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c
index 581dd45edf..57d5d80159 100644
--- a/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c
+++ b/hw/arm/allwinner-a10.c
@@ -138,11 +138,7 @@ static void aw_a10_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->dramc), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->dramc), 0, AW_A10_DRAMC_BASE);
 
-    /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], TYPE_AW_EMAC);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->emac), &nd_table[0]);
-    }
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->emac), true, NULL);
     if (!sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), errp)) {
         return;
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/allwinner-h3.c b/hw/arm/allwinner-h3.c
index 380e0ec11d..6870c3fe96 100644
--- a/hw/arm/allwinner-h3.c
+++ b/hw/arm/allwinner-h3.c
@@ -371,11 +371,7 @@ static void allwinner_h3_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
                               "sd-bus");
 
     /* EMAC */
-    /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], TYPE_AW_SUN8I_EMAC);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->emac), &nd_table[0]);
-    }
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->emac), true, NULL);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(&s->emac), "dma-memory",
                              OBJECT(get_system_memory()), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), &error_fatal);
diff --git a/hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c b/hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c
index eef1fc196e..b8c7202133 100644
--- a/hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c
+++ b/hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c
@@ -318,7 +318,6 @@ static void allwinner_r40_init(Object *obj)
 
 static void allwinner_r40_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
-    const char *r40_nic_models[] = { "gmac", "emac", NULL };
     AwR40State *s = AW_R40(dev);
 
     /* CPUs */
@@ -512,31 +511,8 @@ static void allwinner_r40_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->dramc), 2,
                     s->memmap[AW_R40_DEV_DRAMPHY]);
 
-    /* nic support gmac and emac */
-    for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(r40_nic_models) - 1; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nic = &nd_table[i];
-
-        if (!nic->used) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (qemu_show_nic_models(nic->model, r40_nic_models)) {
-            exit(0);
-        }
-
-        switch (qemu_find_nic_model(nic, r40_nic_models, r40_nic_models[0])) {
-        case 0: /* gmac */
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gmac), nic);
-            break;
-        case 1: /* emac */
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->emac), nic);
-            break;
-        default:
-            exit(1);
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
     /* GMAC */
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->gmac), true, "gmac");
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(&s->gmac), "dma-memory",
                                      OBJECT(get_system_memory()), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->gmac), &error_fatal);
@@ -545,6 +521,7 @@ static void allwinner_r40_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->gic), AW_R40_GIC_SPI_GMAC));
 
     /* EMAC */
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->emac), true, "emac");
     sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), 0, s->memmap[AW_R40_DEV_EMAC]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), 0,
diff --git a/hw/arm/aspeed.c b/hw/arm/aspeed.c
index fc8355cdce..09b1e823ba 100644
--- a/hw/arm/aspeed.c
+++ b/hw/arm/aspeed.c
@@ -356,7 +356,6 @@ static void aspeed_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
     AspeedMachineClass *amc = ASPEED_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine);
     AspeedSoCClass *sc;
     int i;
-    NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
 
     bmc->soc = ASPEED_SOC(object_new(amc->soc_name));
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(machine), "soc", OBJECT(bmc->soc));
@@ -371,10 +370,10 @@ static void aspeed_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
                              &error_fatal);
 
     for (i = 0; i < sc->macs_num; i++) {
-        if ((amc->macs_mask & (1 << i)) && nd->used) {
-            qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_FTGMAC100);
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&bmc->soc->ftgmac100[i]), nd);
-            nd++;
+        if ((amc->macs_mask & (1 << i)) &&
+            !qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&bmc->soc->ftgmac100[i]),
+                                       true, NULL)) {
+            break; /* No configs left; stop asking */
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c b/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
index b0e13eb4f0..003992189b 100644
--- a/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
+++ b/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
@@ -76,10 +76,8 @@ static void lan9215_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
     /* This should be a 9215 but the 9118 is close enough */
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "lan9118");
-        dev = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device(TYPE_LAN9118, true, NULL);
+    if (dev) {
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "mode_16bit", 1);
         s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
         sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
diff --git a/hw/arm/fsl-imx25.c b/hw/arm/fsl-imx25.c
index 4a49507ef1..5ed87edfe4 100644
--- a/hw/arm/fsl-imx25.c
+++ b/hw/arm/fsl-imx25.c
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static void fsl_imx25_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 
     object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(&s->fec), "phy-num", s->phy_num,
                              &error_abort);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->fec), &nd_table[0]);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->fec), true, NULL);
 
     if (!sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->fec), errp)) {
         return;
diff --git a/hw/arm/fsl-imx6.c b/hw/arm/fsl-imx6.c
index b7f93d8d9c..85748cb233 100644
--- a/hw/arm/fsl-imx6.c
+++ b/hw/arm/fsl-imx6.c
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ static void fsl_imx6_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 
     object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(&s->eth), "phy-num", s->phy_num,
                              &error_abort);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->eth), &nd_table[0]);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->eth), true, NULL);
     if (!sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->eth), errp)) {
         return;
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/fsl-imx6ul.c b/hw/arm/fsl-imx6ul.c
index 343bd65d1b..19f443570b 100644
--- a/hw/arm/fsl-imx6ul.c
+++ b/hw/arm/fsl-imx6ul.c
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ static void fsl_imx6ul_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
                                  s->phy_num[i], &error_abort);
         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(&s->eth[i]), "tx-ring-num",
                                  FSL_IMX6UL_ETH_NUM_TX_RINGS, &error_abort);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), &nd_table[i]);
+        qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), true, NULL);
         sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), &error_abort);
 
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), 0,
diff --git a/hw/arm/fsl-imx7.c b/hw/arm/fsl-imx7.c
index 5728109491..9f2ef34555 100644
--- a/hw/arm/fsl-imx7.c
+++ b/hw/arm/fsl-imx7.c
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ static void fsl_imx7_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
                                  s->phy_num[i], &error_abort);
         object_property_set_uint(OBJECT(&s->eth[i]), "tx-ring-num",
                                  FSL_IMX7_ETH_NUM_TX_RINGS, &error_abort);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), &nd_table[i]);
+        qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), true, NULL);
         sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), &error_abort);
 
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->eth[i]), 0, FSL_IMX7_ENETn_ADDR[i]);
diff --git a/hw/arm/gumstix.c b/hw/arm/gumstix.c
index 3f2bcaa24e..d5de5409e1 100644
--- a/hw/arm/gumstix.c
+++ b/hw/arm/gumstix.c
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ static void connex_init(MachineState *machine)
                           FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
     /* Interrupt line of NIC is connected to GPIO line 36 */
-    smc91c111_init(&nd_table[0], 0x04000300,
-                    qdev_get_gpio_in(cpu->gpio, 36));
+    smc91c111_init(0x04000300, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpu->gpio, 36));
 }
 
 static void verdex_init(MachineState *machine)
@@ -97,8 +96,7 @@ static void verdex_init(MachineState *machine)
                           FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
     /* Interrupt line of NIC is connected to GPIO line 99 */
-    smc91c111_init(&nd_table[0], 0x04000300,
-                    qdev_get_gpio_in(cpu->gpio, 99));
+    smc91c111_init(0x04000300, qdev_get_gpio_in(cpu->gpio, 99));
 }
 
 static void connex_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
diff --git a/hw/arm/highbank.c b/hw/arm/highbank.c
index e6e27d69af..e12374766e 100644
--- a/hw/arm/highbank.c
+++ b/hw/arm/highbank.c
@@ -297,19 +297,17 @@ static void calxeda_init(MachineState *machine, enum cxmachines machine_id)
 
     sysbus_create_simple(TYPE_SYSBUS_AHCI, 0xffe08000, pic[83]);
 
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "xgmac");
-        dev = qdev_new("xgmac");
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device("xgmac", true, NULL);
+    if (dev) {
         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, 0xfff50000);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[77]);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1, pic[78]);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, pic[79]);
+    }
 
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[1], "xgmac");
-        dev = qdev_new("xgmac");
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[1]);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device("xgmac", true, NULL);
+    if (dev) {
         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, 0xfff51000);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[80]);
diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
index 793262eca8..f016d20485 100644
--- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
+++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
@@ -666,8 +666,9 @@ static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, 0x1d000000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[25]);
 
-    if (nd_table[0].used)
-        smc91c111_init(&nd_table[0], 0xc8000000, pic[27]);
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info("smc91c111", true, NULL)) {
+        smc91c111_init(0xc8000000, pic[27]);
+    }
 
     sysbus_create_simple("pl110", 0xc0000000, pic[22]);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/kzm.c b/hw/arm/kzm.c
index 9be91ebeaa..2ccd6f8a76 100644
--- a/hw/arm/kzm.c
+++ b/hw/arm/kzm.c
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ static void kzm_init(MachineState *machine)
         alias_offset += ram[i].size;
     }
 
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        lan9118_init(&nd_table[0], KZM_LAN9118_ADDR,
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info("lan9118", true, NULL)) {
+        lan9118_init(KZM_LAN9118_ADDR,
                      qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->soc.avic), 52));
     }
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/mainstone.c b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
index fc14e05060..d2e2e68aa3 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mainstone.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mainstone.c
@@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ static void mainstone_common_init(MachineState *machine,
             qdev_get_gpio_in(mst_irq, S1_IRQ),
             qdev_get_gpio_in(mst_irq, S1_CD_IRQ));
 
-    smc91c111_init(&nd_table[0], MST_ETH_PHYS,
-                    qdev_get_gpio_in(mst_irq, ETHERNET_IRQ));
+    smc91c111_init(MST_ETH_PHYS, qdev_get_gpio_in(mst_irq, ETHERNET_IRQ));
 
     mainstone_binfo.board_id = arm_id;
     arm_load_kernel(mpu->cpu, machine, &mainstone_binfo);
diff --git a/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c b/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
index 5d8cdc1a4c..a2d18afd79 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
@@ -503,14 +503,12 @@ static MemoryRegion *make_eth_dev(MPS2TZMachineState *mms, void *opaque,
                                   const PPCExtraData *extradata)
 {
     SysBusDevice *s;
-    NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
 
     /* In hardware this is a LAN9220; the LAN9118 is software compatible
      * except that it doesn't support the checksum-offload feature.
      */
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "lan9118");
     mms->lan9118 = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(mms->lan9118, nd);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(mms->lan9118, true, NULL);
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(mms->lan9118);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -528,7 +526,6 @@ static MemoryRegion *make_eth_usb(MPS2TZMachineState *mms, void *opaque,
      * irqs[] is the ethernet IRQ.
      */
     SysBusDevice *s;
-    NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
 
     memory_region_init(&mms->eth_usb_container, OBJECT(mms),
                        "mps2-tz-eth-usb-container", 0x200000);
@@ -537,9 +534,8 @@ static MemoryRegion *make_eth_usb(MPS2TZMachineState *mms, void *opaque,
      * In hardware this is a LAN9220; the LAN9118 is software compatible
      * except that it doesn't support the checksum-offload feature.
      */
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "lan9118");
     mms->lan9118 = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(mms->lan9118, nd);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(mms->lan9118, true, NULL);
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(mms->lan9118);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
diff --git a/hw/arm/mps2.c b/hw/arm/mps2.c
index bd873cc5de..50919ee46d 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mps2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mps2.c
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ static void mps2_common_init(MachineState *machine)
     /* In hardware this is a LAN9220; the LAN9118 is software compatible
      * except that it doesn't support the checksum-offload feature.
      */
-    lan9118_init(&nd_table[0], mmc->ethernet_base,
+    lan9118_init(mmc->ethernet_base,
                  qdev_get_gpio_in(armv7m,
                                   mmc->fpga_type == FPGA_AN511 ? 47 : 13));
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/msf2-soc.c b/hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
index b5fe9f364d..35bf1d64e1 100644
--- a/hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
+++ b/hw/arm/msf2-soc.c
@@ -197,12 +197,8 @@ static void m2sxxx_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev_soc, Error **errp)
         g_free(bus_name);
     }
 
-    /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], TYPE_MSS_EMAC);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->emac), &nd_table[0]);
-    }
     dev = DEVICE(&s->emac);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(&s->emac), "ahb-bus",
                              OBJECT(get_system_memory()), &error_abort);
     if (!sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emac), errp)) {
diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
index 0fe0160b48..2020f73a57 100644
--- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
+++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
@@ -1277,9 +1277,8 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
     sysbus_create_simple(TYPE_MV88W8618_FLASHCFG, MP_FLASHCFG_BASE, NULL);
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "mv88w8618");
     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_MV88W8618_ETH);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, "mv88w8618");
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), "dma-memory",
                              OBJECT(get_system_memory()), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
diff --git a/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c b/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
index e3243a520d..bdc609b5fb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
+++ b/hw/arm/npcm7xx.c
@@ -656,8 +656,9 @@ static void npcm7xx_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 
     /*
      * EMC Modules. Cannot fail.
-     * The mapping of the device to its netdev backend works as follows:
-     * emc[i] = nd_table[i]
+     * Use the available NIC configurations in order, allowing 'emc0' and
+     * 'emc1' to by used as aliases for the model= parameter to override.
+     *
      * This works around the inability to specify the netdev property for the
      * emc device: it's not pluggable and thus the -device option can't be
      * used.
@@ -665,12 +666,13 @@ static void npcm7xx_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(npcm7xx_emc_addr) != ARRAY_SIZE(s->emc));
     QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(s->emc) != 2);
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->emc); i++) {
-        s->emc[i].emc_num = i;
         SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->emc[i]);
-        if (nd_table[i].used) {
-            qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[i], TYPE_NPCM7XX_EMC);
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(sbd), &nd_table[i]);
-        }
+        char alias[6];
+
+        s->emc[i].emc_num = i;
+        snprintf(alias, sizeof(alias), "emc%u", i);
+        qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(sbd), true, alias);
+
         /*
          * The device exists regardless of whether it's connected to a QEMU
          * netdev backend. So always instantiate it even if there is no
diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
index 566deff9ce..9058f5b414 100644
--- a/hw/arm/realview.c
+++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
@@ -85,12 +85,10 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
     qemu_irq pic[64];
     PCIBus *pci_bus = NULL;
-    NICInfo *nd;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
     I2CBus *i2c;
     int n;
     unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
-    int done_nic = 0;
     qemu_irq cpu_irq[4];
     int is_mpcore = 0;
     int is_pb = 0;
@@ -296,24 +294,19 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
             n--;
         }
     }
-    for(n = 0; n < nb_nics; n++) {
-        nd = &nd_table[n];
-
-        if (!done_nic && (!nd->model ||
-                    strcmp(nd->model, is_pb ? "lan9118" : "smc91c111") == 0)) {
-            if (is_pb) {
-                lan9118_init(nd, 0x4e000000, pic[28]);
-            } else {
-                smc91c111_init(nd, 0x4e000000, pic[28]);
-            }
-            done_nic = 1;
+
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info(is_pb ? "lan9118" : "smc91c111", true, NULL)) {
+        if (is_pb) {
+            lan9118_init(0x4e000000, pic[28]);
         } else {
-            if (pci_bus) {
-                pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, "rtl8139", NULL);
-            }
+            smc91c111_init(0x4e000000, pic[28]);
         }
     }
 
+    if (pci_bus) {
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, "rtl8139");
+    }
+
     dev = sysbus_create_simple(TYPE_ARM_SBCON_I2C, 0x10002000, NULL);
     i2c = (I2CBus *)qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "i2c");
     i2c_slave_create_simple(i2c, "ds1338", 0x68);
diff --git a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
index 85cb68d546..f2adf30337 100644
--- a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
+++ b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
@@ -673,9 +673,7 @@ static void create_pcie(SBSAMachineState *sms)
 
     pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
     if (pci->bus) {
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci->bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci->bus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 
     pci_create_simple(pci->bus, -1, "bochs-display");
diff --git a/hw/arm/stellaris.c b/hw/arm/stellaris.c
index d18b1144af..34c5a86ac2 100644
--- a/hw/arm/stellaris.c
+++ b/hw/arm/stellaris.c
@@ -1028,7 +1028,8 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
     DeviceState *ssys_dev;
     int i;
     int j;
-    const uint8_t *macaddr;
+    NICInfo *nd;
+    MACAddr mac;
 
     MemoryRegion *sram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     MemoryRegion *flash = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
@@ -1051,12 +1052,22 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
      * need its sysclk output.
      */
     ssys_dev = qdev_new(TYPE_STELLARIS_SYS);
-    /* Most devices come preprogrammed with a MAC address in the user data. */
-    macaddr = nd_table[0].macaddr.a;
+
+    /*
+     * Most devices come preprogrammed with a MAC address in the user data.
+     * Generate a MAC address now, if there isn't a matching -nic for it.
+     */
+    nd = qemu_find_nic_info("stellaris_enet", true, "stellaris");
+    if (nd) {
+        memcpy(mac.a, nd->macaddr.a, sizeof(mac.a));
+    } else {
+        qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&mac);
+    }
+
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(ssys_dev, "user0",
-                         macaddr[0] | (macaddr[1] << 8) | (macaddr[2] << 16));
+                         mac.a[0] | (mac.a[1] << 8) | (mac.a[2] << 16));
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(ssys_dev, "user1",
-                         macaddr[3] | (macaddr[4] << 8) | (macaddr[5] << 16));
+                         mac.a[3] | (mac.a[4] << 8) | (mac.a[5] << 16));
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(ssys_dev, "did0", board->did0);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(ssys_dev, "did1", board->did1);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(ssys_dev, "dc0", board->dc0);
@@ -1269,10 +1280,13 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
     if (board->dc4 & (1 << 28)) {
         DeviceState *enet;
 
-        qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "stellaris");
-
         enet = qdev_new("stellaris_enet");
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(enet, &nd_table[0]);
+        if (nd) {
+            qdev_set_nic_properties(enet, nd);
+        } else {
+            qdev_prop_set_macaddr(enet, "mac", mac.a);
+        }
+
         sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(enet), &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(enet), 0, 0x40048000);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(enet), 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(nvic, 42));
diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
index 1d813aa23b..d10b75dfdb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
+++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
@@ -192,10 +192,8 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
     DeviceState *pl041;
     PCIBus *pci_bus;
-    NICInfo *nd;
     I2CBus *i2c;
     int n;
-    int done_smc = 0;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
 
     if (machine->ram_size > 0x10000000) {
@@ -263,16 +261,11 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 3, sic[30]);
     pci_bus = (PCIBus *)qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "pci");
 
-    for(n = 0; n < nb_nics; n++) {
-        nd = &nd_table[n];
-
-        if (!done_smc && (!nd->model || strcmp(nd->model, "smc91c111") == 0)) {
-            smc91c111_init(nd, 0x10010000, sic[25]);
-            done_smc = 1;
-        } else {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, "rtl8139", NULL);
-        }
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info("smc91c111", true, NULL)) {
+        smc91c111_init(0x10010000, sic[25]);
     }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, "rtl8139");
+
     if (machine_usb(machine)) {
         pci_create_simple(pci_bus, -1, "pci-ohci");
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
index f1b45245d5..e5fb3ab1f9 100644
--- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
+++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
@@ -679,8 +679,8 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(MachineState *machine)
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, map[VE_VIDEORAM], &vms->vram);
 
     /* 0x4e000000 LAN9118 Ethernet */
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        lan9118_init(&nd_table[0], map[VE_ETHERNET], pic[15]);
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info("lan9118", true, NULL)) {
+        lan9118_init(map[VE_ETHERNET], pic[15]);
     }
 
     /* VE_USB: not modelled */
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index e6ead2c5c8..368c2a415a 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -1457,9 +1457,7 @@ static void create_pcie(VirtMachineState *vms)
     pci->bypass_iommu = vms->default_bus_bypass_iommu;
     vms->bus = pci->bus;
     if (vms->bus) {
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci->bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci->bus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 
     nodename = vms->pciehb_nodename = g_strdup_printf("/pcie@%" PRIx64, base);
diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
index 66d0de139f..35fa804b7d 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
@@ -109,16 +109,13 @@ static void zynq_write_board_setup(ARMCPU *cpu,
 
 static struct arm_boot_info zynq_binfo = {};
 
-static void gem_init(NICInfo *nd, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
+static void gem_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-    if (nd->used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
-    }
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), "phy-addr", 7, &error_abort);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -280,8 +277,8 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_create_varargs("cadence_ttc", 0xF8002000,
             pic[69-IRQ_OFFSET], pic[70-IRQ_OFFSET], pic[71-IRQ_OFFSET], NULL);
 
-    gem_init(&nd_table[0], 0xE000B000, pic[54-IRQ_OFFSET]);
-    gem_init(&nd_table[1], 0xE000C000, pic[77-IRQ_OFFSET]);
+    gem_init(0xE000B000, pic[54 - IRQ_OFFSET]);
+    gem_init(0xE000C000, pic[77 - IRQ_OFFSET]);
 
     for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
         int hci_irq = n ? 79 : 56;
diff --git a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
index 2798df3730..50cb0606cb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
@@ -256,18 +256,13 @@ static void versal_create_gems(Versal *s, qemu_irq *pic)
         static const int irqs[] = { VERSAL_GEM0_IRQ_0, VERSAL_GEM1_IRQ_0};
         static const uint64_t addrs[] = { MM_GEM0, MM_GEM1 };
         char *name = g_strdup_printf("gem%d", i);
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
         DeviceState *dev;
         MemoryRegion *mr;
 
         object_initialize_child(OBJECT(s), name, &s->lpd.iou.gem[i],
                                 TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
         dev = DEVICE(&s->lpd.iou.gem[i]);
-        /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-        if (nd->used) {
-            qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "cadence_gem");
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
-        }
+        qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), "phy-addr", 23, &error_abort);
         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(dev), "num-priority-queues", 2,
                                 &error_abort);
diff --git a/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.c b/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.c
index 65901c6e74..afeb3f88f8 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xlnx-zynqmp.c
@@ -618,13 +618,7 @@ static void xlnx_zynqmp_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < XLNX_ZYNQMP_NUM_GEMS; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-
-        /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-        if (nd->used) {
-            qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gem[i]), nd);
-        }
+        qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->gem[i]), true, NULL);
         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem[i]), "revision", GEM_REVISION,
                                 &error_abort);
         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem[i]), "phy-addr", 23,
diff --git a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
index d82050d927..5556634921 100644
--- a/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
+++ b/hw/cris/axis_dev88.c
@@ -308,15 +308,14 @@ void axisdev88_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     /* Add the two ethernet blocks.  */
     dma_eth = g_malloc0(sizeof dma_eth[0] * 4); /* Allocate 4 channels.  */
-    etraxfs_eth_init(&nd_table[0], 0x30034000, 1, &dma_eth[0], &dma_eth[1]);
-    if (nb_nics > 1) {
-        etraxfs_eth_init(&nd_table[1], 0x30036000, 2, &dma_eth[2], &dma_eth[3]);
-    }
 
+    etraxfs_eth_init(0x30034000, 1, &dma_eth[0], &dma_eth[1]);
     /* The DMA Connector block is missing, hardwire things for now.  */
     etraxfs_dmac_connect_client(etraxfs_dmac, 0, &dma_eth[0]);
     etraxfs_dmac_connect_client(etraxfs_dmac, 1, &dma_eth[1]);
-    if (nb_nics > 1) {
+
+    if (qemu_find_nic_info("etraxfs-eth", true, "fseth")) {
+        etraxfs_eth_init(0x30036000, 2, &dma_eth[2], &dma_eth[3]);
         etraxfs_dmac_connect_client(etraxfs_dmac, 6, &dma_eth[2]);
         etraxfs_dmac_connect_client(etraxfs_dmac, 7, &dma_eth[3]);
     }
diff --git a/hw/hppa/machine.c b/hw/hppa/machine.c
index 9e611620cc..eb78c46ff1 100644
--- a/hw/hppa/machine.c
+++ b/hw/hppa/machine.c
@@ -342,7 +342,6 @@ static void machine_HP_common_init_tail(MachineState *machine, PCIBus *pci_bus,
     uint64_t kernel_entry = 0, kernel_low, kernel_high;
     MemoryRegion *addr_space = get_system_memory();
     MemoryRegion *rom_region;
-    long i;
     unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
@@ -363,16 +362,13 @@ static void machine_HP_common_init_tail(MachineState *machine, PCIBus *pci_bus,
     }
 
     /* Network setup. */
-    if (nd_table[0].used && enable_lasi_lan()) {
+    if (lasi_dev) {
         lasi_82596_init(addr_space, translate(NULL, LASI_LAN_HPA),
-                        qdev_get_gpio_in(lasi_dev, LASI_IRQ_LAN_HPA));
+                        qdev_get_gpio_in(lasi_dev, LASI_IRQ_LAN_HPA),
+                        enable_lasi_lan());
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        if (!enable_lasi_lan()) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* BMC board: HP Powerbar SP2 Diva (with console only) */
     pci_dev = pci_new(-1, "pci-serial");
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc.c b/hw/i386/pc.c
index 803244e5cc..196827531a 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc.c
@@ -654,15 +654,19 @@ static const int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
                                               0x280, 0x380 };
 static const int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
 
-static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd)
+static gboolean pc_init_ne2k_isa(ISABus *bus, NICInfo *nd, Error **errp)
 {
     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
 
-    if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
-        return;
+    if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX) {
+        error_setg(errp,
+                   "maximum number of ISA NE2000 devices exceeded");
+        return false;
+    }
     isa_ne2000_init(bus, ne2000_io[nb_ne2k],
                     ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k], nd);
     nb_ne2k++;
+    return true;
 }
 
 void pc_acpi_smi_interrupt(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
@@ -1265,7 +1269,7 @@ void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
         if (pcms->bus) {
             pci_create_simple(pcms->bus, -1, "xen-platform");
         }
-        pcms->xenbus = xen_bus_init();
+        xen_bus_init();
         xen_be_init();
     }
 #endif
@@ -1293,27 +1297,21 @@ void pc_basic_device_init(struct PCMachineState *pcms,
                     pcms->vmport != ON_OFF_AUTO_ON);
 }
 
-void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus,
-                 BusState *xen_bus)
+void pc_nic_init(PCMachineClass *pcmc, ISABus *isa_bus, PCIBus *pci_bus)
 {
     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(pcmc);
-    int i;
+    bool default_is_ne2k = g_str_equal(mc->default_nic, TYPE_ISA_NE2000);
+    NICInfo *nd;
 
     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_NIC);
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-        const char *model = nd->model ? nd->model : mc->default_nic;
-
-        if (xen_bus && (!nd->model || g_str_equal(model, "xen-net-device"))) {
-            DeviceState *dev = qdev_new("xen-net-device");
-            qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
-            qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, xen_bus, &error_fatal);
-        } else if (g_str_equal(model, "ne2k_isa")) {
-            pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd);
-        } else {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, model, NULL);
-        }
+
+    while ((nd = qemu_find_nic_info(TYPE_ISA_NE2000, default_is_ne2k, NULL))) {
+        pc_init_ne2k_isa(isa_bus, nd, &error_fatal);
     }
+
+    /* Anything remaining should be a PCI NIC */
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
+
     rom_reset_order_override();
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_piix.c b/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
index abfcfe4d2b..70d12bb1b5 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_piix.c
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static void pc_init1(MachineState *machine,
     pc_basic_device_init(pcms, isa_bus, x86ms->gsi, rtc_state, true,
                          0x4);
 
-    pc_nic_init(pcmc, isa_bus, pci_bus, pcms->xenbus);
+    pc_nic_init(pcmc, isa_bus, pci_bus);
 
     if (pcmc->pci_enabled) {
         pc_cmos_init(pcms, idebus[0], idebus[1], rtc_state);
diff --git a/hw/i386/pc_q35.c b/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
index f43d5142b8..7ca3f465e0 100644
--- a/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
+++ b/hw/i386/pc_q35.c
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ static void pc_q35_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     /* the rest devices to which pci devfn is automatically assigned */
     pc_vga_init(isa_bus, host_bus);
-    pc_nic_init(pcmc, isa_bus, host_bus, pcms->xenbus);
+    pc_nic_init(pcmc, isa_bus, host_bus);
 
     if (machine->nvdimms_state->is_enabled) {
         nvdimm_init_acpi_state(machine->nvdimms_state, system_io,
diff --git a/hw/loongarch/virt.c b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
index c9a680e61a..0ad7d8c887 100644
--- a/hw/loongarch/virt.c
+++ b/hw/loongarch/virt.c
@@ -504,9 +504,7 @@ static void loongarch_devices_init(DeviceState *pch_pic, LoongArchMachineState *
     fdt_add_uart_node(lams);
 
     /* Network init */
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /*
      * There are some invalid guest memory access.
diff --git a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
index d22d8536db..0cfb806c20 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/mcf5208.c
@@ -206,16 +206,16 @@ static void mcf5208_sys_init(MemoryRegion *address_space, qemu_irq *pic)
     }
 }
 
-static void mcf_fec_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, NICInfo *nd, hwaddr base,
-                         qemu_irq *irqs)
+static void mcf_fec_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem, hwaddr base, qemu_irq *irqs)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
     int i;
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_MCF_FEC_NET);
-    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_MCF_FEC_NET);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device(TYPE_MCF_FEC_NET, true, NULL);
+    if (!dev) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -267,14 +267,7 @@ static void mcf5208evb_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     mcf5208_sys_init(address_space_mem, pic);
 
-    if (nb_nics > 1) {
-        error_report("Too many NICs");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        mcf_fec_init(address_space_mem, &nd_table[0],
-                     0xfc030000, pic + 36);
-    }
+    mcf_fec_init(address_space_mem, 0xfc030000, pic + 36);
 
     g_free(pic);
 
diff --git a/hw/m68k/q800.c b/hw/m68k/q800.c
index b80a3b6d5f..fa7683bf76 100644
--- a/hw/m68k/q800.c
+++ b/hw/m68k/q800.c
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 #include "hw/display/macfb.h"
 #include "hw/block/swim.h"
 #include "net/net.h"
+#include "net/util.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
@@ -270,6 +271,8 @@ static void q800_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
     BusState *adb_bus;
     NubusBus *nubus;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
+    NICInfo *nd;
+    MACAddr mac;
     uint8_t rng_seed[32];
 
     linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
@@ -370,13 +373,6 @@ static void q800_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     /* MACSONIC */
 
-    if (nb_nics > 1) {
-        error_report("q800 can only have one ethernet interface");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "dp83932");
-
     /*
      * MacSonic driver needs an Apple MAC address
      * Valid prefix are:
@@ -386,14 +382,21 @@ static void q800_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
      * 08:00:07 Apple
      * (Q800 use the last one)
      */
-    nd_table[0].macaddr.a[0] = 0x08;
-    nd_table[0].macaddr.a[1] = 0x00;
-    nd_table[0].macaddr.a[2] = 0x07;
-
     object_initialize_child(OBJECT(machine), "dp8393x", &m->dp8393x,
                             TYPE_DP8393X);
     dev = DEVICE(&m->dp8393x);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
+    nd = qemu_find_nic_info(TYPE_DP8393X, true, "dp83932");
+    if (nd) {
+        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+        memcpy(mac.a, nd->macaddr.a, sizeof(mac.a));
+    } else {
+        qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&mac);
+    }
+    mac.a[0] = 0x08;
+    mac.a[1] = 0x00;
+    mac.a[2] = 0x07;
+    qdev_prop_set_macaddr(dev, "mac", mac.a);
+
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "it_shift", 2);
     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "big_endian", true);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), "dma_mr",
@@ -414,7 +417,7 @@ static void q800_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
     prom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&m->dp8393x_prom);
     checksum = 0;
     for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
-        prom[i] = revbit8(nd_table[0].macaddr.a[i]);
+        prom[i] = revbit8(mac.a[i]);
         checksum ^= prom[i];
     }
     prom[7] = 0xff - checksum;
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
index fb7889cf67..0f5fabc32e 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_ml605_mmu.c
@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, irq[TIMER_IRQ]);
 
     /* axi ethernet and dma initialization. */
-    qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "xlnx.axi-ethernet");
     eth0 = qdev_new("xlnx.axi-ethernet");
     dma = qdev_new("xlnx.axi-dma");
 
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ petalogix_ml605_init(MachineState *machine)
                                   "axistream-connected-target", NULL);
     cs = object_property_get_link(OBJECT(dma),
                                   "axistream-control-connected-target", NULL);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(eth0, &nd_table[0]);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(eth0, true, NULL);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(eth0, "rxmem", 0x1000);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(eth0, "txmem", 0x1000);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(eth0), "axistream-connected", ds,
diff --git a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
index 505639c298..dad46bd7f9 100644
--- a/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
+++ b/hw/microblaze/petalogix_s3adsp1800_mmu.c
@@ -114,9 +114,8 @@ petalogix_s3adsp1800_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, TIMER_BASEADDR);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, irq[TIMER_IRQ]);
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "xlnx.xps-ethernetlite");
     dev = qdev_new("xlnx.xps-ethernetlite");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "tx-ping-pong", 0);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "rx-ping-pong", 0);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
diff --git a/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c b/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
index 97b2c8ed8e..a45aac368c 100644
--- a/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
+++ b/hw/mips/fuloong2e.c
@@ -201,19 +201,9 @@ static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 /* Network support */
 static void network_init(PCIBus *pci_bus)
 {
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-        const char *default_devaddr = NULL;
-
-        if (i == 0 && (!nd->model || strcmp(nd->model, "rtl8139") == 0)) {
-            /* The Fuloong board has a RTL8139 card using PCI SLOT 7 */
-            default_devaddr = "07";
-        }
-
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, "rtl8139", default_devaddr);
-    }
+    /* The Fuloong board has a RTL8139 card using PCI SLOT 7 */
+    pci_init_nic_in_slot(pci_bus, "rtl8139", NULL, "07");
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, "rtl8139");
 }
 
 static void mips_fuloong2e_init(MachineState *machine)
diff --git a/hw/mips/jazz.c b/hw/mips/jazz.c
index 0d2348aa5a..5bf3e328db 100644
--- a/hw/mips/jazz.c
+++ b/hw/mips/jazz.c
@@ -119,15 +119,19 @@ static const MemoryRegionOps dma_dummy_ops = {
     .endianness = DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN,
 };
 
-static void mips_jazz_init_net(NICInfo *nd, IOMMUMemoryRegion *rc4030_dma_mr,
+static void mips_jazz_init_net(IOMMUMemoryRegion *rc4030_dma_mr,
                                DeviceState *rc4030, MemoryRegion *dp8393x_prom)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *sysbus;
     int checksum, i;
     uint8_t *prom;
+    NICInfo *nd;
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "dp83932");
+    nd = qemu_find_nic_info("dp8393x", true, "dp82932");
+    if (!nd) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     dev = qdev_new("dp8393x");
     qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
@@ -324,12 +328,7 @@ static void mips_jazz_init(MachineState *machine,
     }
 
     /* Network controller */
-    if (nb_nics == 1) {
-        mips_jazz_init_net(&nd_table[0], rc4030_dma_mr, rc4030, dp8393x_prom);
-    } else if (nb_nics > 1) {
-        error_report("This machine only supports one NIC");
-        exit(1);
-    }
+    mips_jazz_init_net(rc4030_dma_mr, rc4030, dp8393x_prom);
 
     /* SCSI adapter */
     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_SYSBUS_ESP);
diff --git a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
index 33eae01eca..caedde2df0 100644
--- a/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
+++ b/hw/mips/loongson3_virt.c
@@ -451,9 +451,7 @@ static inline void loongson3_virt_devices_init(MachineState *machine,
         usb_create_simple(usb_bus_find(-1), "usb-tablet");
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 }
 
 static void mips_loongson3_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
diff --git a/hw/mips/malta.c b/hw/mips/malta.c
index d22bb1edef..af74008c82 100644
--- a/hw/mips/malta.c
+++ b/hw/mips/malta.c
@@ -612,18 +612,9 @@ static MaltaFPGAState *malta_fpga_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
 /* Network support */
 static void network_init(PCIBus *pci_bus)
 {
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-        const char *default_devaddr = NULL;
-
-        if (i == 0 && (!nd->model || strcmp(nd->model, "pcnet") == 0))
-            /* The malta board has a PCNet card using PCI SLOT 11 */
-            default_devaddr = "0b";
-
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(nd, pci_bus, "pcnet", default_devaddr);
-    }
+    /* The malta board has a PCNet card using PCI SLOT 11 */
+    pci_init_nic_in_slot(pci_bus, "pcnet", NULL, "0b");
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, "pcnet");
 }
 
 static void bl_setup_gt64120_jump_kernel(void **p, uint64_t run_addr,
diff --git a/hw/mips/mipssim.c b/hw/mips/mipssim.c
index 01e323904d..16af31648e 100644
--- a/hw/mips/mipssim.c
+++ b/hw/mips/mipssim.c
@@ -118,13 +118,15 @@ static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
     }
 }
 
-static void mipsnet_init(int base, qemu_irq irq, NICInfo *nd)
+static void mipsnet_init(int base, qemu_irq irq)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
-    dev = qdev_new("mipsnet");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device("mipsnet", true, NULL);
+    if (!dev) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -225,9 +227,8 @@ mips_mipssim_init(MachineState *machine)
                       sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0));
     }
 
-    if (nd_table[0].used)
-        /* MIPSnet uses the MIPS CPU INT0, which is interrupt 2. */
-        mipsnet_init(0x4200, env->irq[2], &nd_table[0]);
+    /* MIPSnet uses the MIPS CPU INT0, which is interrupt 2. */
+    mipsnet_init(0x4200, env->irq[2]);
 }
 
 static void mips_mipssim_machine_init(MachineClass *mc)
diff --git a/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c b/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
index ba57a978d1..5faf20c782 100644
--- a/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
+++ b/hw/net/etraxfs_eth.c
@@ -647,15 +647,14 @@ static void etraxfs_eth_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 
 /* Instantiate an ETRAXFS Ethernet MAC.  */
 DeviceState *
-etraxfs_eth_init(NICInfo *nd, hwaddr base, int phyaddr,
+etraxfs_eth_init(hwaddr base, int phyaddr,
                  struct etraxfs_dma_client *dma_out,
                  struct etraxfs_dma_client *dma_in)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "fseth");
 
     dev = qdev_new("etraxfs-eth");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, "fseth");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "phyaddr", phyaddr);
 
     /*
diff --git a/hw/net/lan9118.c b/hw/net/lan9118.c
index 598dd79e17..47ff25b441 100644
--- a/hw/net/lan9118.c
+++ b/hw/net/lan9118.c
@@ -1408,14 +1408,13 @@ static void lan9118_register_types(void)
 
 /* Legacy helper function.  Should go away when machine config files are
    implemented.  */
-void lan9118_init(NICInfo *nd, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
+void lan9118_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "lan9118");
     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, base);
diff --git a/hw/net/lasi_i82596.c b/hw/net/lasi_i82596.c
index 6a3147fe2d..fcf7fae941 100644
--- a/hw/net/lasi_i82596.c
+++ b/hw/net/lasi_i82596.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/timer.h"
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "net/eth.h"
 #include "hw/net/lasi_82596.h"
 #include "hw/net/i82596.h"
@@ -117,19 +118,21 @@ static void lasi_82596_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     i82596_common_init(dev, s, &net_lasi_82596_info);
 }
 
-SysBusI82596State *lasi_82596_init(MemoryRegion *addr_space,
-                  hwaddr hpa, qemu_irq lan_irq)
+SysBusI82596State *lasi_82596_init(MemoryRegion *addr_space, hwaddr hpa,
+                                   qemu_irq lan_irq, gboolean match_default)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusI82596State *s;
     static const MACAddr HP_MAC = {
         .a = { 0x08, 0x00, 0x09, 0xef, 0x34, 0xf6 } };
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], TYPE_LASI_82596);
-    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_LASI_82596);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device(TYPE_LASI_82596, match_default, "lasi");
+    if (!dev) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     s = SYSBUS_I82596(dev);
     s->state.irq = lan_irq;
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
     s->state.conf.macaddr = HP_MAC; /* set HP MAC prefix */
 
diff --git a/hw/net/meson.build b/hw/net/meson.build
index 9afceb0619..2b426d3d5a 100644
--- a/hw/net/meson.build
+++ b/hw/net/meson.build
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_MARVELL_88W8618', if_true: files('mv88w8618_eth.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_CADENCE', if_true: files('cadence_gem.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_STELLARIS_ENET', if_true: files('stellaris_enet.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LANCE', if_true: files('lance.c'))
-system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LASI_I82596', if_true: files('lasi_i82596.c'))
+system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_LASI_82596', if_true: files('lasi_i82596.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_I82596_COMMON', if_true: files('i82596.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_SUNHME', if_true: files('sunhme.c'))
 system_ss.add(when: 'CONFIG_FTGMAC100', if_true: files('ftgmac100.c'))
diff --git a/hw/net/smc91c111.c b/hw/net/smc91c111.c
index 49b7c26102..702d0e8e83 100644
--- a/hw/net/smc91c111.c
+++ b/hw/net/smc91c111.c
@@ -818,14 +818,13 @@ static void smc91c111_register_types(void)
 
 /* Legacy helper function.  Should go away when machine config files are
    implemented.  */
-void smc91c111_init(NICInfo *nd, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
+void smc91c111_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "smc91c111");
     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_SMC91C111);
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(dev, true, NULL);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, base);
diff --git a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
index 35da123aef..bffd6f721f 100644
--- a/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
+++ b/hw/openrisc/openrisc_sim.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ static void openrisc_create_fdt(Or1ksimState *state,
 
 static void openrisc_sim_net_init(Or1ksimState *state, hwaddr base, hwaddr size,
                                   int num_cpus, OpenRISCCPU *cpus[],
-                                  int irq_pin, NICInfo *nd)
+                                  int irq_pin)
 {
     void *fdt = state->fdt;
     DeviceState *dev;
@@ -178,8 +178,10 @@ static void openrisc_sim_net_init(Or1ksimState *state, hwaddr base, hwaddr size,
     char *nodename;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_new("open_eth");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device("open_eth", true, NULL);
+    if (!dev) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -313,12 +315,10 @@ static void openrisc_sim_init(MachineState *machine)
     openrisc_create_fdt(state, or1ksim_memmap, smp_cpus, machine->ram_size,
                         machine->kernel_cmdline);
 
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        openrisc_sim_net_init(state, or1ksim_memmap[OR1KSIM_ETHOC].base,
-                              or1ksim_memmap[OR1KSIM_ETHOC].size,
-                              smp_cpus, cpus,
-                              OR1KSIM_ETHOC_IRQ, nd_table);
-    }
+    openrisc_sim_net_init(state, or1ksim_memmap[OR1KSIM_ETHOC].base,
+                          or1ksim_memmap[OR1KSIM_ETHOC].size,
+                          smp_cpus, cpus,
+                          OR1KSIM_ETHOC_IRQ);
 
     if (smp_cpus > 1) {
         openrisc_sim_ompic_init(state, or1ksim_memmap[OR1KSIM_OMPIC].base,
diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
index 76080af580..449abfb182 100644
--- a/hw/pci/pci.c
+++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
@@ -1853,76 +1853,49 @@ const pci_class_desc *get_class_desc(int class)
     return desc;
 }
 
-/* Initialize a PCI NIC.  */
-PCIDevice *pci_nic_init_nofail(NICInfo *nd, PCIBus *rootbus,
-                               const char *default_model,
-                               const char *default_devaddr)
+void pci_init_nic_devices(PCIBus *bus, const char *default_model)
 {
-    const char *devaddr = nd->devaddr ? nd->devaddr : default_devaddr;
-    GPtrArray *pci_nic_models;
-    PCIBus *bus;
+    qemu_create_nic_bus_devices(&bus->qbus, TYPE_PCI_DEVICE, default_model,
+                                "virtio", "virtio-net-pci");
+}
+
+bool pci_init_nic_in_slot(PCIBus *rootbus, const char *model,
+                          const char *alias, const char *devaddr)
+{
+    NICInfo *nd = qemu_find_nic_info(model, true, alias);
+    int dom, busnr, devfn;
     PCIDevice *pci_dev;
-    DeviceState *dev;
-    int devfn;
-    int i;
-    int dom, busnr;
     unsigned slot;
+    PCIBus *bus;
 
-    if (nd->model && !strcmp(nd->model, "virtio")) {
-        g_free(nd->model);
-        nd->model = g_strdup("virtio-net-pci");
-    }
-
-    pci_nic_models = qemu_get_nic_models(TYPE_PCI_DEVICE);
-
-    if (qemu_show_nic_models(nd->model, (const char **)pci_nic_models->pdata)) {
-        exit(0);
+    if (!nd) {
+        return false;
     }
 
-    i = qemu_find_nic_model(nd, (const char **)pci_nic_models->pdata,
-                            default_model);
-    if (i < 0) {
+    if (!devaddr || pci_parse_devaddr(devaddr, &dom, &busnr, &slot, NULL) < 0) {
+        error_report("Invalid PCI device address %s for device %s",
+                     devaddr, model);
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    if (!rootbus) {
-        error_report("No primary PCI bus");
+    if (dom != 0) {
+        error_report("No support for non-zero PCI domains");
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    assert(!rootbus->parent_dev);
-
-    if (!devaddr) {
-        devfn = -1;
-        busnr = 0;
-    } else {
-        if (pci_parse_devaddr(devaddr, &dom, &busnr, &slot, NULL) < 0) {
-            error_report("Invalid PCI device address %s for device %s",
-                         devaddr, nd->model);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        if (dom != 0) {
-            error_report("No support for non-zero PCI domains");
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        devfn = PCI_DEVFN(slot, 0);
-    }
+    devfn = PCI_DEVFN(slot, 0);
 
     bus = pci_find_bus_nr(rootbus, busnr);
     if (!bus) {
         error_report("Invalid PCI device address %s for device %s",
-                     devaddr, nd->model);
+                     devaddr, model);
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    pci_dev = pci_new(devfn, nd->model);
-    dev = &pci_dev->qdev;
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    pci_dev = pci_new(devfn, model);
+    qdev_set_nic_properties(&pci_dev->qdev, nd);
     pci_realize_and_unref(pci_dev, bus, &error_fatal);
-    g_ptr_array_free(pci_nic_models, true);
-    return pci_dev;
+    return true;
 }
 
 PCIDevice *pci_vga_init(PCIBus *bus)
diff --git a/hw/ppc/e500.c b/hw/ppc/e500.c
index 566f1200dd..3bd12b54ab 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/e500.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/e500.c
@@ -1079,9 +1079,7 @@ void ppce500_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     if (pci_bus) {
         /* Register network interfaces. */
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 
     /* Register spinning region */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
index 535710314a..b36dbaf2b6 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_newworld.c
@@ -444,9 +444,7 @@ static void ppc_core99_init(MachineState *machine)
         graphic_depth = 15;
     }
 
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* The NewWorld NVRAM is not located in the MacIO device */
     if (kvm_enabled() && qemu_real_host_page_size() > 4096) {
diff --git a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
index 9acc7adfc9..1981d3d8f6 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/mac_oldworld.c
@@ -277,9 +277,7 @@ static void ppc_heathrow_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
 
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-    }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* MacIO IDE */
     ide_drive_get(hd, ARRAY_SIZE(hd));
diff --git a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
index a189942de4..c75c3083e6 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/ppc440_bamboo.c
@@ -161,7 +161,6 @@ static void bamboo_init(MachineState *machine)
     DeviceState *uicdev;
     SysBusDevice *uicsbd;
     int success;
-    int i;
 
     if (kvm_enabled()) {
         error_report("machine %s does not support the KVM accelerator",
@@ -234,14 +233,11 @@ static void bamboo_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     if (pcibus) {
-        /* Register network interfaces. */
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            /*
-             * There are no PCI NICs on the Bamboo board, but there are
-             * PCI slots, so we can pick whatever default model we want.
-             */
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pcibus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
+        /*
+         * There are no PCI NICs on the Bamboo board, but there are
+         * PCI slots, so we can pick whatever default model we want.
+         */
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pcibus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 
     /* Load kernel. */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/prep.c b/hw/ppc/prep.c
index 137276bcb9..1a6cd05c61 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/prep.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/prep.c
@@ -241,7 +241,6 @@ static void ibm_40p_init(MachineState *machine)
     ISADevice *isa_dev;
     ISABus *isa_bus;
     void *fw_cfg;
-    int i;
     uint32_t kernel_base = 0, initrd_base = 0;
     long kernel_size = 0, initrd_size = 0;
     char boot_device;
@@ -336,10 +335,9 @@ static void ibm_40p_init(MachineState *machine)
         /* XXX: s3-trio at PCI_DEVFN(2, 0) */
         pci_vga_init(pci_bus);
 
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus, mc->default_nic,
-                                i == 0 ? "3" : NULL);
-        }
+        /* First PCNET device at PCI_DEVFN(3, 0) */
+        pci_init_nic_in_slot(pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL, "3");
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 
     /* Prepare firmware configuration for OpenBIOS */
diff --git a/hw/ppc/spapr.c b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
index e8dabc8614..0d72d286d8 100644
--- a/hw/ppc/spapr.c
+++ b/hw/ppc/spapr.c
@@ -2796,6 +2796,7 @@ static void spapr_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
     long load_limit, fw_size;
     Error *resize_hpt_err = NULL;
+    NICInfo *nd;
 
     if (!filename) {
         error_report("Could not find LPAR firmware '%s'", bios_name);
@@ -2996,21 +2997,12 @@ static void spapr_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     phb = spapr_create_default_phb();
 
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-
-        if (!nd->model) {
-            nd->model = g_strdup("spapr-vlan");
-        }
-
-        if (g_str_equal(nd->model, "spapr-vlan") ||
-            g_str_equal(nd->model, "ibmveth")) {
-            spapr_vlan_create(spapr->vio_bus, nd);
-        } else {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], phb->bus, nd->model, NULL);
-        }
+    while ((nd = qemu_find_nic_info("spapr-vlan", true, "ibmveth"))) {
+        spapr_vlan_create(spapr->vio_bus, nd);
     }
 
+    pci_init_nic_devices(phb->bus, NULL);
+
     for (i = 0; i <= drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI); i++) {
         spapr_vscsi_create(spapr->vio_bus);
     }
diff --git a/hw/riscv/microchip_pfsoc.c b/hw/riscv/microchip_pfsoc.c
index b775aa8946..7725dfbde5 100644
--- a/hw/riscv/microchip_pfsoc.c
+++ b/hw/riscv/microchip_pfsoc.c
@@ -202,7 +202,6 @@ static void microchip_pfsoc_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     MemoryRegion *envm_data = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     MemoryRegion *qspi_xip_mem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     char *plic_hart_config;
-    NICInfo *nd;
     int i;
 
     sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->e_cpus), &error_abort);
@@ -411,17 +410,8 @@ static void microchip_pfsoc_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
         memmap[MICROCHIP_PFSOC_USB].size);
 
     /* GEMs */
-
-    nd = &nd_table[0];
-    if (nd->used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gem0), nd);
-    }
-    nd = &nd_table[1];
-    if (nd->used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gem1), nd);
-    }
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->gem0), true, NULL);
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->gem1), true, NULL);
 
     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem0), "revision", GEM_REVISION, errp);
     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem0), "phy-addr", 8, errp);
diff --git a/hw/riscv/sifive_u.c b/hw/riscv/sifive_u.c
index ec76dce6c9..5207ec1fa5 100644
--- a/hw/riscv/sifive_u.c
+++ b/hw/riscv/sifive_u.c
@@ -789,7 +789,6 @@ static void sifive_u_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     MemoryRegion *l2lim_mem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     char *plic_hart_config;
     int i, j;
-    NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
 
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(DEVICE(&s->u_cpus), "num-harts", ms->smp.cpus - 1);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(DEVICE(&s->u_cpus), "hartid-base", 1);
@@ -893,11 +892,7 @@ static void sifive_u_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
     }
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->otp), 0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_DEV_OTP].base);
 
-    /* FIXME use qdev NIC properties instead of nd_table[] */
-    if (nd->used) {
-        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gem), nd);
-    }
+    qemu_configure_nic_device(DEVICE(&s->gem), true, NULL);
     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem), "revision", GEM_REVISION,
                             &error_abort);
     if (!sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->gem), errp)) {
diff --git a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
index c99682b07d..62804cc228 100644
--- a/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
+++ b/hw/s390x/s390-virtio-ccw.c
@@ -229,16 +229,9 @@ static void s390_init_ipl_dev(const char *kernel_filename,
 
 static void s390_create_virtio_net(BusState *bus, const char *name)
 {
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
-        DeviceState *dev;
-
-        qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "virtio");
+    DeviceState *dev;
 
-        dev = qdev_new(name);
-        qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    while ((dev = qemu_create_nic_device(name, true, "virtio"))) {
         qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, bus, &error_fatal);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hw/sh4/r2d.c b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
index 4944994e9c..e9f316a6ce 100644
--- a/hw/sh4/r2d.c
+++ b/hw/sh4/r2d.c
@@ -240,7 +240,6 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
     MemoryRegion *sdram = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
     qemu_irq *irq;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
-    int i;
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *busdev;
     MemoryRegion *address_space_mem = get_system_memory();
@@ -309,9 +308,8 @@ static void r2d_init(MachineState *machine)
                           0x555, 0x2aa, 0);
 
     /* NIC: rtl8139 on-board, and 2 slots. */
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++)
-        pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci_bus,
-                            mc->default_nic, i == 0 ? "2" : NULL);
+    pci_init_nic_in_slot(pci_bus, mc->default_nic, NULL, "2");
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_bus, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* USB keyboard */
     usb_create_simple(usb_bus_find(-1), "usb-kbd");
diff --git a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
index 550af01690..e782c8ec7a 100644
--- a/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
+++ b/hw/sparc/sun4m.c
@@ -299,13 +299,15 @@ static void *iommu_init(hwaddr addr, uint32_t version, qemu_irq irq)
 
 static void *sparc32_dma_init(hwaddr dma_base,
                               hwaddr esp_base, qemu_irq espdma_irq,
-                              hwaddr le_base, qemu_irq ledma_irq, NICInfo *nd)
+                              hwaddr le_base, qemu_irq ledma_irq,
+                              MACAddr *mac)
 {
     DeviceState *dma;
     ESPDMADeviceState *espdma;
     LEDMADeviceState *ledma;
     SysBusESPState *esp;
     SysBusPCNetState *lance;
+    NICInfo *nd = qemu_find_nic_info("lance", true, NULL);
 
     dma = qdev_new(TYPE_SPARC32_DMA);
     espdma = SPARC32_ESPDMA_DEVICE(object_resolve_path_component(
@@ -320,7 +322,14 @@ static void *sparc32_dma_init(hwaddr dma_base,
 
     lance = SYSBUS_PCNET(object_resolve_path_component(
                          OBJECT(ledma), "lance"));
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(lance), nd);
+
+    if (nd) {
+        qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(lance), nd);
+        memcpy(mac->a, nd->macaddr.a, sizeof(mac->a));
+    } else {
+        qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(mac);
+        qdev_prop_set_macaddr(DEVICE(lance), "mac", mac->a);
+    }
 
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dma), &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dma), 0, dma_base);
@@ -823,7 +832,7 @@ static void sun4m_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
     unsigned int smp_cpus = machine->smp.cpus;
     unsigned int max_cpus = machine->smp.max_cpus;
     HostMemoryBackend *ram_memdev = machine->memdev;
-    NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
+    MACAddr hostid;
 
     if (machine->ram_size > hwdef->max_mem) {
         error_report("Too much memory for this machine: %" PRId64 ","
@@ -884,10 +893,9 @@ static void sun4m_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
                         hwdef->iommu_pad_base, hwdef->iommu_pad_len);
     }
 
-    qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_LANCE);
     sparc32_dma_init(hwdef->dma_base,
                      hwdef->esp_base, slavio_irq[18],
-                     hwdef->le_base, slavio_irq[16], nd);
+                     hwdef->le_base, slavio_irq[16], &hostid);
 
     if (graphic_depth != 8 && graphic_depth != 24) {
         error_report("Unsupported depth: %d", graphic_depth);
@@ -1039,7 +1047,7 @@ static void sun4m_hw_init(MachineState *machine)
                                     machine->initrd_filename,
                                     machine->ram_size, &initrd_size);
 
-    nvram_init(nvram, (uint8_t *)&nd->macaddr, machine->kernel_cmdline,
+    nvram_init(nvram, hostid.a, machine->kernel_cmdline,
                machine->boot_config.order, machine->ram_size, kernel_size,
                graphic_width, graphic_height, graphic_depth,
                hwdef->nvram_machine_id, "Sun4m");
diff --git a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
index 24d53bf5fd..eda9b58a21 100644
--- a/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
+++ b/hw/sparc64/sun4u.c
@@ -639,29 +639,18 @@ static void sun4uv_init(MemoryRegion *address_space_mem,
 
     memset(&macaddr, 0, sizeof(MACAddr));
     onboard_nic = false;
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        PCIBus *bus;
-        nd = &nd_table[i];
-
-        if (!nd->model || strcmp(nd->model, mc->default_nic) == 0) {
-            if (!onboard_nic) {
-                pci_dev = pci_new_multifunction(PCI_DEVFN(1, 1), mc->default_nic);
-                bus = pci_busA;
-                memcpy(&macaddr, &nd->macaddr.a, sizeof(MACAddr));
-                onboard_nic = true;
-            } else {
-                pci_dev = pci_new(-1, mc->default_nic);
-                bus = pci_busB;
-            }
-        } else {
-            pci_dev = pci_new(-1, nd->model);
-            bus = pci_busB;
-        }
 
+    nd = qemu_find_nic_info(mc->default_nic, true, NULL);
+    if (nd) {
+        pci_dev = pci_new_multifunction(PCI_DEVFN(1, 1), mc->default_nic);
         dev = &pci_dev->qdev;
         qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
-        pci_realize_and_unref(pci_dev, bus, &error_fatal);
+        pci_realize_and_unref(pci_dev, pci_busA, &error_fatal);
+
+        memcpy(&macaddr, &nd->macaddr.a, sizeof(MACAddr));
+        onboard_nic = true;
     }
+    pci_init_nic_devices(pci_busB, mc->default_nic);
 
     /* If we don't have an onboard NIC, grab a default MAC address so that
      * we have a valid machine id */
diff --git a/hw/xen/xen-bus.c b/hw/xen/xen-bus.c
index 4973e7d9c9..fb82cc33e4 100644
--- a/hw/xen/xen-bus.c
+++ b/hw/xen/xen-bus.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 
 static char *xen_device_get_backend_path(XenDevice *xendev)
@@ -1133,7 +1134,7 @@ static void xen_register_types(void)
 
 type_init(xen_register_types)
 
-BusState *xen_bus_init(void)
+void xen_bus_init(void)
 {
     DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_XEN_BRIDGE);
     BusState *bus = qbus_new(TYPE_XEN_BUS, dev, NULL);
@@ -1141,5 +1142,6 @@ BusState *xen_bus_init(void)
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
     qbus_set_bus_hotplug_handler(bus);
 
-    return bus;
+    qemu_create_nic_bus_devices(bus, TYPE_XEN_DEVICE, "xen-net-device",
+                                "xen", "xen-net-device");
 }
diff --git a/hw/xen/xen_devconfig.c b/hw/xen/xen_devconfig.c
index 3f77c675c6..2150869f60 100644
--- a/hw/xen/xen_devconfig.c
+++ b/hw/xen/xen_devconfig.c
@@ -46,31 +46,6 @@ static int xen_config_dev_all(char *fe, char *be)
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
-int xen_config_dev_nic(NICInfo *nic)
-{
-    char fe[256], be[256];
-    char mac[20];
-    int vlan_id = -1;
-
-    net_hub_id_for_client(nic->netdev, &vlan_id);
-    snprintf(mac, sizeof(mac), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
-             nic->macaddr.a[0], nic->macaddr.a[1], nic->macaddr.a[2],
-             nic->macaddr.a[3], nic->macaddr.a[4], nic->macaddr.a[5]);
-    xen_pv_printf(NULL, 1, "config nic %d: mac=\"%s\"\n", vlan_id, mac);
-    xen_config_dev_dirs("vif", "qnic", vlan_id, fe, be, sizeof(fe));
-
-    /* frontend */
-    xenstore_write_int(fe, "handle",     vlan_id);
-    xenstore_write_str(fe, "mac",        mac);
-
-    /* backend */
-    xenstore_write_int(be, "handle",     vlan_id);
-    xenstore_write_str(be, "mac",        mac);
-
-    /* common stuff */
-    return xen_config_dev_all(fe, be);
-}
-
 int xen_config_dev_vfb(int vdev, const char *type)
 {
     char fe[256], be[256];
diff --git a/hw/xenpv/xen_machine_pv.c b/hw/xenpv/xen_machine_pv.c
index 9f9f137f99..1130d1a147 100644
--- a/hw/xenpv/xen_machine_pv.c
+++ b/hw/xenpv/xen_machine_pv.c
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@
 
 static void xen_init_pv(MachineState *machine)
 {
-    int i;
-
     setup_xen_backend_ops();
 
     /* Initialize backend core & drivers */
@@ -62,13 +60,6 @@ static void xen_init_pv(MachineState *machine)
         vga_interface_created = true;
     }
 
-    /* configure nics */
-    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-        if (!nd_table[i].model || 0 != strcmp(nd_table[i].model, "xen"))
-            continue;
-        xen_config_dev_nic(nd_table + i);
-    }
-
     xen_bus_init();
 
     /* config cleanup hook */
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/virt.c b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
index a6cf646e99..5310a88861 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/virt.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/virt.c
@@ -102,9 +102,7 @@ static void create_pcie(MachineState *ms, CPUXtensaState *env, int irq_base,
 
     pci = PCI_HOST_BRIDGE(dev);
     if (pci->bus) {
-        for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
-            pci_nic_init_nofail(&nd_table[i], pci->bus, mc->default_nic, NULL);
-        }
+        pci_init_nic_devices(pci->bus, mc->default_nic);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
index fbad1c83a3..f49e6591dc 100644
--- a/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
+++ b/hw/xtensa/xtfpga.c
@@ -141,14 +141,16 @@ static void xtfpga_net_init(MemoryRegion *address_space,
         hwaddr base,
         hwaddr descriptors,
         hwaddr buffers,
-        qemu_irq irq, NICInfo *nd)
+        qemu_irq irq)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
     MemoryRegion *ram;
 
-    dev = qdev_new("open_eth");
-    qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
+    dev = qemu_create_nic_device("open_eth", true, NULL);
+    if (!dev) {
+        return;
+    }
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_realize_and_unref(s, &error_fatal);
@@ -301,10 +303,7 @@ static void xtfpga_init(const XtfpgaBoardDesc *board, MachineState *machine)
         memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, board->io[1], io);
     }
     xtfpga_fpga_init(system_io, 0x0d020000, freq);
-    if (nd_table[0].used) {
-        xtfpga_net_init(system_io, 0x0d030000, 0x0d030400, 0x0d800000,
-                        extints[1], nd_table);
-    }
+    xtfpga_net_init(system_io, 0x0d030000, 0x0d030400, 0x0d800000, extints[1]);
 
     serial_mm_init(system_io, 0x0d050020, 2, extints[0],
                    115200, serial_hd(0), DEVICE_NATIVE_ENDIAN);