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-rw-r--r--tools/virtiofsd/passthrough_ll.c4521
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 4521 deletions
diff --git a/tools/virtiofsd/passthrough_ll.c b/tools/virtiofsd/passthrough_ll.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 40ea2ed27f..0000000000
--- a/tools/virtiofsd/passthrough_ll.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4521 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * FUSE: Filesystem in Userspace
- * Copyright (C) 2001-2007  Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
- *
- * This program can be distributed under the terms of the GNU GPLv2.
- * See the file COPYING.
- */
-
-/*
- *
- * This file system mirrors the existing file system hierarchy of the
- * system, starting at the root file system. This is implemented by
- * just "passing through" all requests to the corresponding user-space
- * libc functions. In contrast to passthrough.c and passthrough_fh.c,
- * this implementation uses the low-level API. Its performance should
- * be the least bad among the three, but many operations are not
- * implemented. In particular, it is not possible to remove files (or
- * directories) because the code necessary to defer actual removal
- * until the file is not opened anymore would make the example much
- * more complicated.
- *
- * When writeback caching is enabled (-o writeback mount option), it
- * is only possible to write to files for which the mounting user has
- * read permissions. This is because the writeback cache requires the
- * kernel to be able to issue read requests for all files (which the
- * passthrough filesystem cannot satisfy if it can't read the file in
- * the underlying filesystem).
- *
- * Compile with:
- *
- *     gcc -Wall passthrough_ll.c `pkg-config fuse3 --cflags --libs` -o
- * passthrough_ll
- *
- * ## Source code ##
- * \include passthrough_ll.c
- */
-
-#include "qemu/osdep.h"
-#include "qemu/timer.h"
-#include "qemu-version.h"
-#include "qemu/help-texts.h"
-#include "fuse_virtio.h"
-#include "fuse_log.h"
-#include "fuse_lowlevel.h"
-#include "standard-headers/linux/fuse.h"
-#include <cap-ng.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
-#include <sys/file.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/prctl.h>
-#include <sys/resource.h>
-#include <sys/syscall.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <sys/xattr.h>
-#include <syslog.h>
-#include <grp.h>
-
-#include "qemu/cutils.h"
-#include "passthrough_helpers.h"
-#include "passthrough_seccomp.h"
-
-/* Keep track of inode posix locks for each owner. */
-struct lo_inode_plock {
-    uint64_t lock_owner;
-    int fd; /* fd for OFD locks */
-};
-
-struct lo_map_elem {
-    union {
-        struct lo_inode *inode;
-        struct lo_dirp *dirp;
-        int fd;
-        ssize_t freelist;
-    };
-    bool in_use;
-};
-
-/* Maps FUSE fh or ino values to internal objects */
-struct lo_map {
-    struct lo_map_elem *elems;
-    size_t nelems;
-    ssize_t freelist;
-};
-
-struct lo_key {
-    ino_t ino;
-    dev_t dev;
-    uint64_t mnt_id;
-};
-
-struct lo_inode {
-    int fd;
-
-    /*
-     * Atomic reference count for this object.  The nlookup field holds a
-     * reference and release it when nlookup reaches 0.
-     */
-    gint refcount;
-
-    struct lo_key key;
-
-    /*
-     * This counter keeps the inode alive during the FUSE session.
-     * Incremented when the FUSE inode number is sent in a reply
-     * (FUSE_LOOKUP, FUSE_READDIRPLUS, etc).  Decremented when an inode is
-     * released by a FUSE_FORGET request.
-     *
-     * Note that this value is untrusted because the client can manipulate
-     * it arbitrarily using FUSE_FORGET requests.
-     *
-     * Protected by lo->mutex.
-     */
-    uint64_t nlookup;
-
-    fuse_ino_t fuse_ino;
-    pthread_mutex_t plock_mutex;
-    GHashTable *posix_locks; /* protected by lo_inode->plock_mutex */
-
-    mode_t filetype;
-};
-
-struct lo_cred {
-    uid_t euid;
-    gid_t egid;
-    mode_t umask;
-};
-
-enum {
-    CACHE_NONE,
-    CACHE_AUTO,
-    CACHE_ALWAYS,
-};
-
-enum {
-    SANDBOX_NAMESPACE,
-    SANDBOX_CHROOT,
-};
-
-typedef struct xattr_map_entry {
-    char *key;
-    char *prepend;
-    unsigned int flags;
-} XattrMapEntry;
-
-struct lo_data {
-    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
-    int sandbox;
-    int debug;
-    int writeback;
-    int flock;
-    int posix_lock;
-    int xattr;
-    char *xattrmap;
-    char *xattr_security_capability;
-    char *source;
-    char *modcaps;
-    double timeout;
-    int cache;
-    int timeout_set;
-    int readdirplus_set;
-    int readdirplus_clear;
-    int allow_direct_io;
-    int announce_submounts;
-    bool use_statx;
-    struct lo_inode root;
-    GHashTable *inodes; /* protected by lo->mutex */
-    struct lo_map ino_map; /* protected by lo->mutex */
-    struct lo_map dirp_map; /* protected by lo->mutex */
-    struct lo_map fd_map; /* protected by lo->mutex */
-    XattrMapEntry *xattr_map_list;
-    size_t xattr_map_nentries;
-
-    /* An O_PATH file descriptor to /proc/self/fd/ */
-    int proc_self_fd;
-    /* An O_PATH file descriptor to /proc/self/task/ */
-    int proc_self_task;
-    int user_killpriv_v2, killpriv_v2;
-    /* If set, virtiofsd is responsible for setting umask during creation */
-    bool change_umask;
-    int user_posix_acl, posix_acl;
-    /* Keeps track if /proc/<pid>/attr/fscreate should be used or not */
-    bool use_fscreate;
-    int user_security_label;
-};
-
-static const struct fuse_opt lo_opts[] = {
-    { "sandbox=namespace",
-      offsetof(struct lo_data, sandbox),
-      SANDBOX_NAMESPACE },
-    { "sandbox=chroot",
-      offsetof(struct lo_data, sandbox),
-      SANDBOX_CHROOT },
-    { "writeback", offsetof(struct lo_data, writeback), 1 },
-    { "no_writeback", offsetof(struct lo_data, writeback), 0 },
-    { "source=%s", offsetof(struct lo_data, source), 0 },
-    { "flock", offsetof(struct lo_data, flock), 1 },
-    { "no_flock", offsetof(struct lo_data, flock), 0 },
-    { "posix_lock", offsetof(struct lo_data, posix_lock), 1 },
-    { "no_posix_lock", offsetof(struct lo_data, posix_lock), 0 },
-    { "xattr", offsetof(struct lo_data, xattr), 1 },
-    { "no_xattr", offsetof(struct lo_data, xattr), 0 },
-    { "xattrmap=%s", offsetof(struct lo_data, xattrmap), 0 },
-    { "modcaps=%s", offsetof(struct lo_data, modcaps), 0 },
-    { "timeout=%lf", offsetof(struct lo_data, timeout), 0 },
-    { "timeout=", offsetof(struct lo_data, timeout_set), 1 },
-    { "cache=none", offsetof(struct lo_data, cache), CACHE_NONE },
-    { "cache=auto", offsetof(struct lo_data, cache), CACHE_AUTO },
-    { "cache=always", offsetof(struct lo_data, cache), CACHE_ALWAYS },
-    { "readdirplus", offsetof(struct lo_data, readdirplus_set), 1 },
-    { "no_readdirplus", offsetof(struct lo_data, readdirplus_clear), 1 },
-    { "allow_direct_io", offsetof(struct lo_data, allow_direct_io), 1 },
-    { "no_allow_direct_io", offsetof(struct lo_data, allow_direct_io), 0 },
-    { "announce_submounts", offsetof(struct lo_data, announce_submounts), 1 },
-    { "killpriv_v2", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_killpriv_v2), 1 },
-    { "no_killpriv_v2", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_killpriv_v2), 0 },
-    { "posix_acl", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_posix_acl), 1 },
-    { "no_posix_acl", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_posix_acl), 0 },
-    { "security_label", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_security_label), 1 },
-    { "no_security_label", offsetof(struct lo_data, user_security_label), 0 },
-    FUSE_OPT_END
-};
-static bool use_syslog = false;
-static int current_log_level;
-static void unref_inode_lolocked(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode,
-                                 uint64_t n);
-
-static struct {
-    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
-    void *saved;
-} cap;
-/* That we loaded cap-ng in the current thread from the saved */
-static __thread bool cap_loaded = 0;
-
-static struct lo_inode *lo_find(struct lo_data *lo, struct stat *st,
-                                uint64_t mnt_id);
-static int xattr_map_client(const struct lo_data *lo, const char *client_name,
-                            char **out_name);
-
-#define FCHDIR_NOFAIL(fd) do {                         \
-        int fchdir_res = fchdir(fd);                   \
-        assert(fchdir_res == 0);                       \
-    } while (0)
-
-static bool is_dot_or_dotdot(const char *name)
-{
-    return name[0] == '.' &&
-           (name[1] == '\0' || (name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0'));
-}
-
-/* Is `path` a single path component that is not "." or ".."? */
-static bool is_safe_path_component(const char *path)
-{
-    if (strchr(path, '/')) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return !is_dot_or_dotdot(path);
-}
-
-static bool is_empty(const char *name)
-{
-    return name[0] == '\0';
-}
-
-static struct lo_data *lo_data(fuse_req_t req)
-{
-    return (struct lo_data *)fuse_req_userdata(req);
-}
-
-/*
- * Tries to figure out if /proc/<pid>/attr/fscreate is usable or not. With
- * selinux=0, read from fscreate returns -EINVAL.
- *
- * TODO: Link with libselinux and use is_selinux_enabled() instead down
- * the line. It probably will be more reliable indicator.
- */
-static bool is_fscreate_usable(struct lo_data *lo)
-{
-    char procname[64];
-    int fscreate_fd;
-    size_t bytes_read;
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%ld/attr/fscreate", syscall(SYS_gettid));
-    fscreate_fd = openat(lo->proc_self_task, procname, O_RDWR);
-    if (fscreate_fd == -1) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bytes_read = read(fscreate_fd, procname, 64);
-    close(fscreate_fd);
-    if (bytes_read == -1) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-/* Helpers to set/reset fscreate */
-static int open_set_proc_fscreate(struct lo_data *lo, const void *ctx,
-                                  size_t ctxlen, int *fd)
-{
-    char procname[64];
-    int fscreate_fd, err = 0;
-    size_t written;
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%ld/attr/fscreate", syscall(SYS_gettid));
-    fscreate_fd = openat(lo->proc_self_task, procname, O_WRONLY);
-    err = fscreate_fd == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    if (err) {
-        return err;
-    }
-
-    written = write(fscreate_fd, ctx, ctxlen);
-    err = written == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    if (err) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    *fd = fscreate_fd;
-    return 0;
-out:
-    close(fscreate_fd);
-    return err;
-}
-
-static void close_reset_proc_fscreate(int fd)
-{
-    if ((write(fd, NULL, 0)) == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_WARNING, "Failed to reset fscreate. err=%d\n", errno);
-    }
-    close(fd);
-    return;
-}
-
-/*
- * Load capng's state from our saved state if the current thread
- * hadn't previously been loaded.
- * returns 0 on success
- */
-static int load_capng(void)
-{
-    if (!cap_loaded) {
-        pthread_mutex_lock(&cap.mutex);
-        capng_restore_state(&cap.saved);
-        /*
-         * restore_state free's the saved copy
-         * so make another.
-         */
-        cap.saved = capng_save_state();
-        if (!cap.saved) {
-            pthread_mutex_unlock(&cap.mutex);
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_save_state (thread)\n");
-            return -EINVAL;
-        }
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&cap.mutex);
-
-        /*
-         * We want to use the loaded state for our pid,
-         * not the original
-         */
-        capng_setpid(syscall(SYS_gettid));
-        cap_loaded = true;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Helpers for dropping and regaining effective capabilities. Returns 0
- * on success, error otherwise
- */
-static int drop_effective_cap(const char *cap_name, bool *cap_dropped)
-{
-    int cap, ret;
-
-    cap = capng_name_to_capability(cap_name);
-    if (cap < 0) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_name_to_capability(%s) failed:%s\n",
-                 cap_name, strerror(errno));
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (load_capng()) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "load_capng() failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    /* We dont have this capability in effective set already. */
-    if (!capng_have_capability(CAPNG_EFFECTIVE, cap)) {
-        ret = 0;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (capng_update(CAPNG_DROP, CAPNG_EFFECTIVE, cap)) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_update(DROP,) failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (capng_apply(CAPNG_SELECT_CAPS)) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "drop:capng_apply() failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    ret = 0;
-    if (cap_dropped) {
-        *cap_dropped = true;
-    }
-
-out:
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static int gain_effective_cap(const char *cap_name)
-{
-    int cap;
-    int ret = 0;
-
-    cap = capng_name_to_capability(cap_name);
-    if (cap < 0) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_name_to_capability(%s) failed:%s\n",
-                 cap_name, strerror(errno));
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (load_capng()) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "load_capng() failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (capng_update(CAPNG_ADD, CAPNG_EFFECTIVE, cap)) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_update(ADD,) failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (capng_apply(CAPNG_SELECT_CAPS)) {
-        ret = errno;
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "gain:capng_apply() failed\n");
-        goto out;
-    }
-    ret = 0;
-
-out:
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * The host kernel normally drops security.capability xattr's on
- * any write, however if we're remapping xattr names we need to drop
- * whatever the clients security.capability is actually stored as.
- */
-static int drop_security_capability(const struct lo_data *lo, int fd)
-{
-    if (!lo->xattr_security_capability) {
-        /* We didn't remap the name, let the host kernel do it */
-        return 0;
-    }
-    if (!fremovexattr(fd, lo->xattr_security_capability)) {
-        /* All good */
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    switch (errno) {
-    case ENODATA:
-        /* Attribute didn't exist, that's fine */
-        return 0;
-
-    case ENOTSUP:
-        /* FS didn't support attribute anyway, also fine */
-        return 0;
-
-    default:
-        /* Hmm other error */
-        return errno;
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_map_init(struct lo_map *map)
-{
-    map->elems = NULL;
-    map->nelems = 0;
-    map->freelist = -1;
-}
-
-static void lo_map_destroy(struct lo_map *map)
-{
-    g_free(map->elems);
-}
-
-static int lo_map_grow(struct lo_map *map, size_t new_nelems)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *new_elems;
-    size_t i;
-
-    if (new_nelems <= map->nelems) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
-    new_elems = g_try_realloc_n(map->elems, new_nelems, sizeof(map->elems[0]));
-    if (!new_elems) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    for (i = map->nelems; i < new_nelems; i++) {
-        new_elems[i].freelist = i + 1;
-        new_elems[i].in_use = false;
-    }
-    new_elems[new_nelems - 1].freelist = -1;
-
-    map->elems = new_elems;
-    map->freelist = map->nelems;
-    map->nelems = new_nelems;
-    return 1;
-}
-
-static struct lo_map_elem *lo_map_alloc_elem(struct lo_map *map)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    if (map->freelist == -1 && !lo_map_grow(map, map->nelems + 256)) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    elem = &map->elems[map->freelist];
-    map->freelist = elem->freelist;
-
-    elem->in_use = true;
-
-    return elem;
-}
-
-static struct lo_map_elem *lo_map_reserve(struct lo_map *map, size_t key)
-{
-    ssize_t *prev;
-
-    if (!lo_map_grow(map, key + 1)) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    for (prev = &map->freelist; *prev != -1;
-         prev = &map->elems[*prev].freelist) {
-        if (*prev == key) {
-            struct lo_map_elem *elem = &map->elems[key];
-
-            *prev = elem->freelist;
-            elem->in_use = true;
-            return elem;
-        }
-    }
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct lo_map_elem *lo_map_get(struct lo_map *map, size_t key)
-{
-    if (key >= map->nelems) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    if (!map->elems[key].in_use) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return &map->elems[key];
-}
-
-static void lo_map_remove(struct lo_map *map, size_t key)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    if (key >= map->nelems) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    elem = &map->elems[key];
-    if (!elem->in_use) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    elem->in_use = false;
-
-    elem->freelist = map->freelist;
-    map->freelist = key;
-}
-
-/* Assumes lo->mutex is held */
-static ssize_t lo_add_fd_mapping(struct lo_data *lo, int fd)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    elem = lo_map_alloc_elem(&lo->fd_map);
-    if (!elem) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    elem->fd = fd;
-    return elem - lo->fd_map.elems;
-}
-
-/* Assumes lo->mutex is held */
-static ssize_t lo_add_dirp_mapping(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_dirp *dirp)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    elem = lo_map_alloc_elem(&lo_data(req)->dirp_map);
-    if (!elem) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    elem->dirp = dirp;
-    return elem - lo_data(req)->dirp_map.elems;
-}
-
-/* Assumes lo->mutex is held */
-static ssize_t lo_add_inode_mapping(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_inode *inode)
-{
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    elem = lo_map_alloc_elem(&lo_data(req)->ino_map);
-    if (!elem) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    elem->inode = inode;
-    return elem - lo_data(req)->ino_map.elems;
-}
-
-static void lo_inode_put(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode **inodep)
-{
-    struct lo_inode *inode = *inodep;
-
-    if (!inode) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    *inodep = NULL;
-
-    if (g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&inode->refcount)) {
-        close(inode->fd);
-        free(inode);
-    }
-}
-
-/* Caller must release refcount using lo_inode_put() */
-static struct lo_inode *lo_inode(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    elem = lo_map_get(&lo->ino_map, ino);
-    if (elem) {
-        g_atomic_int_inc(&elem->inode->refcount);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-
-    if (!elem) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return elem->inode;
-}
-
-/*
- * TODO Remove this helper and force callers to hold an inode refcount until
- * they are done with the fd.  This will be done in a later patch to make
- * review easier.
- */
-static int lo_fd(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino)
-{
-    struct lo_inode *inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    int fd;
-
-    if (!inode) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    fd = inode->fd;
-    lo_inode_put(lo_data(req), &inode);
-    return fd;
-}
-
-/*
- * Open a file descriptor for an inode. Returns -EBADF if the inode is not a
- * regular file or a directory.
- *
- * Use this helper function instead of raw openat(2) to prevent security issues
- * when a malicious client opens special files such as block device nodes.
- * Symlink inodes are also rejected since symlinks must already have been
- * traversed on the client side.
- */
-static int lo_inode_open(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode,
-                         int open_flags)
-{
-    g_autofree char *fd_str = g_strdup_printf("%d", inode->fd);
-    int fd;
-
-    if (!S_ISREG(inode->filetype) && !S_ISDIR(inode->filetype)) {
-        return -EBADF;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * The file is a symlink so O_NOFOLLOW must be ignored. We checked earlier
-     * that the inode is not a special file but if an external process races
-     * with us then symlinks are traversed here. It is not possible to escape
-     * the shared directory since it is mounted as "/" though.
-     */
-    fd = openat(lo->proc_self_fd, fd_str, open_flags & ~O_NOFOLLOW);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        return -errno;
-    }
-    return fd;
-}
-
-static void lo_init(void *userdata, struct fuse_conn_info *conn)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = (struct lo_data *)userdata;
-
-    if (conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_EXPORT_SUPPORT) {
-        conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_EXPORT_SUPPORT;
-    }
-
-    if (lo->writeback && conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_WRITEBACK_CACHE) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: activating writeback\n");
-        conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_WRITEBACK_CACHE;
-    }
-    if (conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_FLOCK_LOCKS) {
-        if (lo->flock) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: activating flock locks\n");
-            conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_FLOCK_LOCKS;
-        } else {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling flock locks\n");
-            conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_FLOCK_LOCKS;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_POSIX_LOCKS) {
-        if (lo->posix_lock) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: activating posix locks\n");
-            conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_POSIX_LOCKS;
-        } else {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling posix locks\n");
-            conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_POSIX_LOCKS;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if ((lo->cache == CACHE_NONE && !lo->readdirplus_set) ||
-        lo->readdirplus_clear) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling readdirplus\n");
-        conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_READDIRPLUS;
-    }
-
-    if (!(conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_SUBMOUNTS) && lo->announce_submounts) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_WARNING, "lo_init: Cannot announce submounts, client "
-                 "does not support it\n");
-        lo->announce_submounts = false;
-    }
-
-    if (lo->user_killpriv_v2 == 1) {
-        /*
-         * User explicitly asked for this option. Enable it unconditionally.
-         * If connection does not have this capability, it should fail
-         * in fuse_lowlevel.c
-         */
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: enabling killpriv_v2\n");
-        conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_HANDLE_KILLPRIV_V2;
-        lo->killpriv_v2 = 1;
-    } else {
-        /*
-         * Either user specified to disable killpriv_v2, or did not
-         * specify anything. Disable killpriv_v2 in both the cases.
-         */
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling killpriv_v2\n");
-        conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_HANDLE_KILLPRIV_V2;
-        lo->killpriv_v2 = 0;
-    }
-
-    if (lo->user_posix_acl == 1) {
-        /*
-         * User explicitly asked for this option. Enable it unconditionally.
-         * If connection does not have this capability, print error message
-         * now. It will fail later in fuse_lowlevel.c
-         */
-        if (!(conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_POSIX_ACL) ||
-            !(conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_DONT_MASK) ||
-            !(conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_SETXATTR_EXT)) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "lo_init: Can not enable posix acl."
-                     " kernel does not support FUSE_POSIX_ACL, FUSE_DONT_MASK"
-                     " or FUSE_SETXATTR_EXT capability.\n");
-        } else {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: enabling posix acl\n");
-        }
-
-        conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_POSIX_ACL | FUSE_CAP_DONT_MASK |
-                      FUSE_CAP_SETXATTR_EXT;
-        lo->change_umask = true;
-        lo->posix_acl = true;
-    } else {
-        /* User either did not specify anything or wants it disabled */
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling posix_acl\n");
-        conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_POSIX_ACL;
-    }
-
-    if (lo->user_security_label == 1) {
-        if (!(conn->capable & FUSE_CAP_SECURITY_CTX)) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "lo_init: Can not enable security label."
-                     " kernel does not support FUSE_SECURITY_CTX capability.\n");
-        }
-        conn->want |= FUSE_CAP_SECURITY_CTX;
-    } else {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_init: disabling security label\n");
-        conn->want &= ~FUSE_CAP_SECURITY_CTX;
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_getattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino,
-                       struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct stat buf;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    (void)fi;
-
-    res =
-        fstatat(lo_fd(req, ino), "", &buf, AT_EMPTY_PATH | AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        return (void)fuse_reply_err(req, errno);
-    }
-
-    fuse_reply_attr(req, &buf, lo->timeout);
-}
-
-static int lo_fi_fd(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    elem = lo_map_get(&lo->fd_map, fi->fh);
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-
-    if (!elem) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return elem->fd;
-}
-
-static void lo_setattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct stat *attr,
-                       int valid, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int saverr;
-    char procname[64];
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    int ifd;
-    int res;
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ifd = inode->fd;
-
-    /* If fi->fh is invalid we'll report EBADF later */
-    if (fi) {
-        fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi);
-    }
-
-    if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_MODE) {
-        if (fi) {
-            res = fchmod(fd, attr->st_mode);
-        } else {
-            sprintf(procname, "%i", ifd);
-            res = fchmodat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, attr->st_mode, 0);
-        }
-        if (res == -1) {
-            saverr = errno;
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-    if (valid & (FUSE_SET_ATTR_UID | FUSE_SET_ATTR_GID)) {
-        uid_t uid = (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_UID) ? attr->st_uid : (uid_t)-1;
-        gid_t gid = (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_GID) ? attr->st_gid : (gid_t)-1;
-
-        saverr = drop_security_capability(lo, ifd);
-        if (saverr) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-
-        res = fchownat(ifd, "", uid, gid, AT_EMPTY_PATH | AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
-        if (res == -1) {
-            saverr = errno;
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-    if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_SIZE) {
-        int truncfd;
-        bool kill_suidgid;
-        bool cap_fsetid_dropped = false;
-
-        kill_suidgid = lo->killpriv_v2 && (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_KILL_SUIDGID);
-        if (fi) {
-            truncfd = fd;
-        } else {
-            truncfd = lo_inode_open(lo, inode, O_RDWR);
-            if (truncfd < 0) {
-                saverr = -truncfd;
-                goto out_err;
-            }
-        }
-
-        saverr = drop_security_capability(lo, truncfd);
-        if (saverr) {
-            if (!fi) {
-                close(truncfd);
-            }
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-
-        if (kill_suidgid) {
-            res = drop_effective_cap("FSETID", &cap_fsetid_dropped);
-            if (res != 0) {
-                saverr = res;
-                if (!fi) {
-                    close(truncfd);
-                }
-                goto out_err;
-            }
-        }
-
-        res = ftruncate(truncfd, attr->st_size);
-        saverr = res == -1 ? errno : 0;
-
-        if (cap_fsetid_dropped) {
-            if (gain_effective_cap("FSETID")) {
-                fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to gain CAP_FSETID\n");
-            }
-        }
-        if (!fi) {
-            close(truncfd);
-        }
-        if (res == -1) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-    if (valid & (FUSE_SET_ATTR_ATIME | FUSE_SET_ATTR_MTIME)) {
-        struct timespec tv[2];
-
-        tv[0].tv_sec = 0;
-        tv[1].tv_sec = 0;
-        tv[0].tv_nsec = UTIME_OMIT;
-        tv[1].tv_nsec = UTIME_OMIT;
-
-        if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_ATIME_NOW) {
-            tv[0].tv_nsec = UTIME_NOW;
-        } else if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_ATIME) {
-            tv[0] = attr->st_atim;
-        }
-
-        if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_MTIME_NOW) {
-            tv[1].tv_nsec = UTIME_NOW;
-        } else if (valid & FUSE_SET_ATTR_MTIME) {
-            tv[1] = attr->st_mtim;
-        }
-
-        if (fi) {
-            res = futimens(fd, tv);
-        } else {
-            sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-            res = utimensat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, tv, 0);
-        }
-        if (res == -1) {
-            saverr = errno;
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-
-    return lo_getattr(req, ino, fi);
-
-out_err:
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-static struct lo_inode *lo_find(struct lo_data *lo, struct stat *st,
-                                uint64_t mnt_id)
-{
-    struct lo_inode *p;
-    struct lo_key key = {
-        .ino = st->st_ino,
-        .dev = st->st_dev,
-        .mnt_id = mnt_id,
-    };
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    p = g_hash_table_lookup(lo->inodes, &key);
-    if (p) {
-        assert(p->nlookup > 0);
-        p->nlookup++;
-        g_atomic_int_inc(&p->refcount);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-
-    return p;
-}
-
-/* value_destroy_func for posix_locks GHashTable */
-static void posix_locks_value_destroy(gpointer data)
-{
-    struct lo_inode_plock *plock = data;
-
-    /*
-     * We had used open() for locks and had only one fd. So
-     * closing this fd should release all OFD locks.
-     */
-    close(plock->fd);
-    free(plock);
-}
-
-static int do_statx(struct lo_data *lo, int dirfd, const char *pathname,
-                    struct stat *statbuf, int flags, uint64_t *mnt_id)
-{
-    int res;
-
-#if defined(CONFIG_STATX) && defined(CONFIG_STATX_MNT_ID)
-    if (lo->use_statx) {
-        struct statx statxbuf;
-
-        res = statx(dirfd, pathname, flags, STATX_BASIC_STATS | STATX_MNT_ID,
-                    &statxbuf);
-        if (!res) {
-            memset(statbuf, 0, sizeof(*statbuf));
-            statbuf->st_dev = makedev(statxbuf.stx_dev_major,
-                                      statxbuf.stx_dev_minor);
-            statbuf->st_ino = statxbuf.stx_ino;
-            statbuf->st_mode = statxbuf.stx_mode;
-            statbuf->st_nlink = statxbuf.stx_nlink;
-            statbuf->st_uid = statxbuf.stx_uid;
-            statbuf->st_gid = statxbuf.stx_gid;
-            statbuf->st_rdev = makedev(statxbuf.stx_rdev_major,
-                                       statxbuf.stx_rdev_minor);
-            statbuf->st_size = statxbuf.stx_size;
-            statbuf->st_blksize = statxbuf.stx_blksize;
-            statbuf->st_blocks = statxbuf.stx_blocks;
-            statbuf->st_atim.tv_sec = statxbuf.stx_atime.tv_sec;
-            statbuf->st_atim.tv_nsec = statxbuf.stx_atime.tv_nsec;
-            statbuf->st_mtim.tv_sec = statxbuf.stx_mtime.tv_sec;
-            statbuf->st_mtim.tv_nsec = statxbuf.stx_mtime.tv_nsec;
-            statbuf->st_ctim.tv_sec = statxbuf.stx_ctime.tv_sec;
-            statbuf->st_ctim.tv_nsec = statxbuf.stx_ctime.tv_nsec;
-
-            if (statxbuf.stx_mask & STATX_MNT_ID) {
-                *mnt_id = statxbuf.stx_mnt_id;
-            } else {
-                *mnt_id = 0;
-            }
-            return 0;
-        } else if (errno != ENOSYS) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        lo->use_statx = false;
-        /* fallback */
-    }
-#endif
-    res = fstatat(dirfd, pathname, statbuf, flags);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    *mnt_id = 0;
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Increments nlookup on the inode on success. unref_inode_lolocked() must be
- * called eventually to decrement nlookup again. If inodep is non-NULL, the
- * inode pointer is stored and the caller must call lo_inode_put().
- */
-static int lo_do_lookup(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name,
-                        struct fuse_entry_param *e,
-                        struct lo_inode **inodep)
-{
-    int newfd;
-    int res;
-    int saverr;
-    uint64_t mnt_id;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode = NULL;
-    struct lo_inode *dir = lo_inode(req, parent);
-
-    if (inodep) {
-        *inodep = NULL; /* in case there is an error */
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * name_to_handle_at() and open_by_handle_at() can reach here with fuse
-     * mount point in guest, but we don't have its inode info in the
-     * ino_map.
-     */
-    if (!dir) {
-        return ENOENT;
-    }
-
-    memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
-    e->attr_timeout = lo->timeout;
-    e->entry_timeout = lo->timeout;
-
-    /* Do not allow escaping root directory */
-    if (dir == &lo->root && strcmp(name, "..") == 0) {
-        name = ".";
-    }
-
-    newfd = openat(dir->fd, name, O_PATH | O_NOFOLLOW);
-    if (newfd == -1) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    res = do_statx(lo, newfd, "", &e->attr, AT_EMPTY_PATH | AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW,
-                   &mnt_id);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    if (S_ISDIR(e->attr.st_mode) && lo->announce_submounts &&
-        (e->attr.st_dev != dir->key.dev || mnt_id != dir->key.mnt_id)) {
-        e->attr_flags |= FUSE_ATTR_SUBMOUNT;
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_find(lo, &e->attr, mnt_id);
-    if (inode) {
-        close(newfd);
-    } else {
-        inode = calloc(1, sizeof(struct lo_inode));
-        if (!inode) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-
-        /* cache only filetype */
-        inode->filetype = (e->attr.st_mode & S_IFMT);
-
-        /*
-         * One for the caller and one for nlookup (released in
-         * unref_inode_lolocked())
-         */
-        g_atomic_int_set(&inode->refcount, 2);
-
-        inode->nlookup = 1;
-        inode->fd = newfd;
-        inode->key.ino = e->attr.st_ino;
-        inode->key.dev = e->attr.st_dev;
-        inode->key.mnt_id = mnt_id;
-        if (lo->posix_lock) {
-            pthread_mutex_init(&inode->plock_mutex, NULL);
-            inode->posix_locks = g_hash_table_new_full(
-                g_direct_hash, g_direct_equal, NULL, posix_locks_value_destroy);
-        }
-        pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-        inode->fuse_ino = lo_add_inode_mapping(req, inode);
-        g_hash_table_insert(lo->inodes, &inode->key, inode);
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-    }
-    e->ino = inode->fuse_ino;
-
-    /* Transfer ownership of inode pointer to caller or drop it */
-    if (inodep) {
-        *inodep = inode;
-    } else {
-        lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    }
-
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dir);
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "  %lli/%s -> %lli\n", (unsigned long long)parent,
-             name, (unsigned long long)e->ino);
-
-    return 0;
-
-out_err:
-    saverr = errno;
-    if (newfd != -1) {
-        close(newfd);
-    }
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dir);
-    return saverr;
-}
-
-static void lo_lookup(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name)
-{
-    struct fuse_entry_param e;
-    int err;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_lookup(parent=%" PRIu64 ", name=%s)\n", parent,
-             name);
-
-    if (is_empty(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Don't use is_safe_path_component(), allow "." and ".." for NFS export
-     * support.
-     */
-    if (strchr(name, '/')) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_do_lookup(req, parent, name, &e, NULL);
-    if (err) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_entry(req, &e);
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * On some archs, setres*id is limited to 2^16 but they
- * provide setres*id32 variants that allow 2^32.
- * Others just let setres*id do 2^32 anyway.
- */
-#ifdef SYS_setresgid32
-#define OURSYS_setresgid SYS_setresgid32
-#else
-#define OURSYS_setresgid SYS_setresgid
-#endif
-
-#ifdef SYS_setresuid32
-#define OURSYS_setresuid SYS_setresuid32
-#else
-#define OURSYS_setresuid SYS_setresuid
-#endif
-
-static void drop_supplementary_groups(void)
-{
-    int ret;
-
-    ret = getgroups(0, NULL);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "getgroups() failed with error=%d:%s\n",
-                 errno, strerror(errno));
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (!ret) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /* Drop all supplementary groups. We should not need it */
-    ret = setgroups(0, NULL);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "setgroups() failed with error=%d:%s\n",
-                 errno, strerror(errno));
-        exit(1);
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Change to uid/gid of caller so that file is created with
- * ownership of caller.
- * TODO: What about selinux context?
- */
-static int lo_change_cred(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_cred *old,
-                          bool change_umask)
-{
-    int res;
-
-    old->euid = geteuid();
-    old->egid = getegid();
-
-    res = syscall(OURSYS_setresgid, -1, fuse_req_ctx(req)->gid, -1);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        return errno;
-    }
-
-    res = syscall(OURSYS_setresuid, -1, fuse_req_ctx(req)->uid, -1);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        int errno_save = errno;
-
-        syscall(OURSYS_setresgid, -1, old->egid, -1);
-        return errno_save;
-    }
-
-    if (change_umask) {
-        old->umask = umask(req->ctx.umask);
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/* Regain Privileges */
-static void lo_restore_cred(struct lo_cred *old, bool restore_umask)
-{
-    int res;
-
-    res = syscall(OURSYS_setresuid, -1, old->euid, -1);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "seteuid(%u): %m\n", old->euid);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    res = syscall(OURSYS_setresgid, -1, old->egid, -1);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "setegid(%u): %m\n", old->egid);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (restore_umask)
-        umask(old->umask);
-}
-
-/*
- * A helper to change cred and drop capability. Returns 0 on success and
- * errno on error
- */
-static int lo_drop_cap_change_cred(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_cred *old,
-                                   bool change_umask, const char *cap_name,
-                                   bool *cap_dropped)
-{
-    int ret;
-    bool __cap_dropped;
-
-    assert(cap_name);
-
-    ret = drop_effective_cap(cap_name, &__cap_dropped);
-    if (ret) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    ret = lo_change_cred(req, old, change_umask);
-    if (ret) {
-        if (__cap_dropped) {
-            if (gain_effective_cap(cap_name)) {
-                fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to gain CAP_%s\n", cap_name);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (cap_dropped) {
-        *cap_dropped = __cap_dropped;
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static void lo_restore_cred_gain_cap(struct lo_cred *old, bool restore_umask,
-                                     const char *cap_name)
-{
-    assert(cap_name);
-
-    lo_restore_cred(old, restore_umask);
-
-    if (gain_effective_cap(cap_name)) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to gain CAP_%s\n", cap_name);
-    }
-}
-
-static int do_mknod_symlink_secctx(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_inode *dir,
-                                   const char *name, const char *secctx_name)
-{
-    int path_fd, err;
-    char procname[64];
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    if (!req->secctx.ctxlen) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    /* Open newly created element with O_PATH */
-    path_fd = openat(dir->fd, name, O_PATH | O_NOFOLLOW);
-    err = path_fd == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    if (err) {
-        return err;
-    }
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", path_fd);
-    FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-    /* Set security context. This is not atomic w.r.t file creation */
-    err = setxattr(procname, secctx_name, req->secctx.ctx, req->secctx.ctxlen,
-                   0);
-    if (err) {
-        err = errno;
-    }
-    FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-    close(path_fd);
-    return err;
-}
-
-static int do_mknod_symlink(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_inode *dir,
-                            const char *name, mode_t mode, dev_t rdev,
-                            const char *link)
-{
-    int err, fscreate_fd = -1;
-    const char *secctx_name = req->secctx.name;
-    struct lo_cred old = {};
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    char *mapped_name = NULL;
-    bool secctx_enabled = req->secctx.ctxlen;
-    bool do_fscreate = false;
-
-    if (secctx_enabled && lo->xattrmap) {
-        err = xattr_map_client(lo, req->secctx.name, &mapped_name);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            return -err;
-        }
-        secctx_name = mapped_name;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * If security xattr has not been remapped and selinux is enabled on
-     * host, set fscreate and no need to do a setxattr() after file creation
-     */
-    if (secctx_enabled && !mapped_name && lo->use_fscreate) {
-        do_fscreate = true;
-        err = open_set_proc_fscreate(lo, req->secctx.ctx, req->secctx.ctxlen,
-                                     &fscreate_fd);
-        if (err) {
-            goto out;
-        }
-    }
-
-    err = lo_change_cred(req, &old, lo->change_umask && !S_ISLNK(mode));
-    if (err) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    err = mknod_wrapper(dir->fd, name, link, mode, rdev);
-    err = err == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    lo_restore_cred(&old, lo->change_umask && !S_ISLNK(mode));
-    if (err) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (!do_fscreate) {
-        err = do_mknod_symlink_secctx(req, dir, name, secctx_name);
-        if (err) {
-            unlinkat(dir->fd, name, S_ISDIR(mode) ? AT_REMOVEDIR : 0);
-        }
-    }
-out:
-    if (fscreate_fd != -1) {
-        close_reset_proc_fscreate(fscreate_fd);
-    }
-    g_free(mapped_name);
-    return err;
-}
-
-static void lo_mknod_symlink(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent,
-                             const char *name, mode_t mode, dev_t rdev,
-                             const char *link)
-{
-    int saverr;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *dir;
-    struct fuse_entry_param e;
-
-    if (is_empty(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    dir = lo_inode(req, parent);
-    if (!dir) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    saverr = do_mknod_symlink(req, dir, name, mode, rdev, link);
-    if (saverr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    saverr = lo_do_lookup(req, parent, name, &e, NULL);
-    if (saverr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "  %lli/%s -> %lli\n", (unsigned long long)parent,
-             name, (unsigned long long)e.ino);
-
-    fuse_reply_entry(req, &e);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dir);
-    return;
-
-out:
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dir);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-static void lo_mknod(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name,
-                     mode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
-{
-    lo_mknod_symlink(req, parent, name, mode, rdev, NULL);
-}
-
-static void lo_mkdir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name,
-                     mode_t mode)
-{
-    lo_mknod_symlink(req, parent, name, S_IFDIR | mode, 0, NULL);
-}
-
-static void lo_symlink(fuse_req_t req, const char *link, fuse_ino_t parent,
-                       const char *name)
-{
-    lo_mknod_symlink(req, parent, name, S_IFLNK, 0, link);
-}
-
-static void lo_link(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, fuse_ino_t parent,
-                    const char *name)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *parent_inode;
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct fuse_entry_param e;
-    char procname[64];
-    int saverr;
-
-    if (is_empty(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    parent_inode = lo_inode(req, parent);
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!parent_inode || !inode) {
-        errno = EBADF;
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    memset(&e, 0, sizeof(struct fuse_entry_param));
-    e.attr_timeout = lo->timeout;
-    e.entry_timeout = lo->timeout;
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-    res = linkat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, parent_inode->fd, name,
-                 AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    res = fstatat(inode->fd, "", &e.attr, AT_EMPTY_PATH | AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    inode->nlookup++;
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-    e.ino = inode->fuse_ino;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "  %lli/%s -> %lli\n", (unsigned long long)parent,
-             name, (unsigned long long)e.ino);
-
-    fuse_reply_entry(req, &e);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &parent_inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    return;
-
-out_err:
-    saverr = errno;
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &parent_inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-/* Increments nlookup and caller must release refcount using lo_inode_put() */
-static struct lo_inode *lookup_name(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent,
-                                    const char *name)
-{
-    int res;
-    uint64_t mnt_id;
-    struct stat attr;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *dir = lo_inode(req, parent);
-
-    if (!dir) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    res = do_statx(lo, dir->fd, name, &attr, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW, &mnt_id);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dir);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return lo_find(lo, &attr, mnt_id);
-}
-
-static void lo_rmdir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    if (is_empty(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    inode = lookup_name(req, parent, name);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EIO);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    res = unlinkat(lo_fd(req, parent), name, AT_REMOVEDIR);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-    unref_inode_lolocked(lo, inode, 1);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-}
-
-static void lo_rename(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name,
-                      fuse_ino_t newparent, const char *newname,
-                      unsigned int flags)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct lo_inode *parent_inode;
-    struct lo_inode *newparent_inode;
-    struct lo_inode *oldinode = NULL;
-    struct lo_inode *newinode = NULL;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    if (is_empty(name) || is_empty(newname)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name) || !is_safe_path_component(newname)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    parent_inode = lo_inode(req, parent);
-    newparent_inode = lo_inode(req, newparent);
-    if (!parent_inode || !newparent_inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    oldinode = lookup_name(req, parent, name);
-    newinode = lookup_name(req, newparent, newname);
-
-    if (!oldinode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EIO);
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    if (flags) {
-#ifndef SYS_renameat2
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-#else
-        res = syscall(SYS_renameat2, parent_inode->fd, name,
-                        newparent_inode->fd, newname, flags);
-        if (res == -1 && errno == ENOSYS) {
-            fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        } else {
-            fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-        }
-#endif
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    res = renameat(parent_inode->fd, name, newparent_inode->fd, newname);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-out:
-    unref_inode_lolocked(lo, oldinode, 1);
-    unref_inode_lolocked(lo, newinode, 1);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &oldinode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &newinode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &parent_inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &newparent_inode);
-}
-
-static void lo_unlink(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    if (is_empty(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOENT);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    inode = lookup_name(req, parent, name);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EIO);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    res = unlinkat(lo_fd(req, parent), name, 0);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-    unref_inode_lolocked(lo, inode, 1);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-}
-
-/* To be called with lo->mutex held */
-static void unref_inode(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode, uint64_t n)
-{
-    if (!inode) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    assert(inode->nlookup >= n);
-    inode->nlookup -= n;
-    if (!inode->nlookup) {
-        lo_map_remove(&lo->ino_map, inode->fuse_ino);
-        g_hash_table_remove(lo->inodes, &inode->key);
-        if (lo->posix_lock) {
-            if (g_hash_table_size(inode->posix_locks)) {
-                fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_WARNING, "Hash table is not empty\n");
-            }
-            g_hash_table_destroy(inode->posix_locks);
-            pthread_mutex_destroy(&inode->plock_mutex);
-        }
-        /* Drop our refcount from lo_do_lookup() */
-        lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    }
-}
-
-static void unref_inode_lolocked(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode,
-                                 uint64_t n)
-{
-    if (!inode) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    unref_inode(lo, inode, n);
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-}
-
-static void lo_forget_one(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, uint64_t nlookup)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "  forget %lli %lli -%lli\n",
-             (unsigned long long)ino, (unsigned long long)inode->nlookup,
-             (unsigned long long)nlookup);
-
-    unref_inode_lolocked(lo, inode, nlookup);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-}
-
-static void lo_forget(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, uint64_t nlookup)
-{
-    lo_forget_one(req, ino, nlookup);
-    fuse_reply_none(req);
-}
-
-static void lo_forget_multi(fuse_req_t req, size_t count,
-                            struct fuse_forget_data *forgets)
-{
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-        lo_forget_one(req, forgets[i].ino, forgets[i].nlookup);
-    }
-    fuse_reply_none(req);
-}
-
-static void lo_readlink(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino)
-{
-    char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
-    int res;
-
-    res = readlinkat(lo_fd(req, ino), "", buf, sizeof(buf));
-    if (res == -1) {
-        return (void)fuse_reply_err(req, errno);
-    }
-
-    if (res == sizeof(buf)) {
-        return (void)fuse_reply_err(req, ENAMETOOLONG);
-    }
-
-    buf[res] = '\0';
-
-    fuse_reply_readlink(req, buf);
-}
-
-struct lo_dirp {
-    gint refcount;
-    DIR *dp;
-    struct dirent *entry;
-    off_t offset;
-};
-
-static void lo_dirp_put(struct lo_dirp **dp)
-{
-    struct lo_dirp *d = *dp;
-
-    if (!d) {
-        return;
-    }
-    *dp = NULL;
-
-    if (g_atomic_int_dec_and_test(&d->refcount)) {
-        closedir(d->dp);
-        free(d);
-    }
-}
-
-/* Call lo_dirp_put() on the return value when no longer needed */
-static struct lo_dirp *lo_dirp(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    elem = lo_map_get(&lo->dirp_map, fi->fh);
-    if (elem) {
-        g_atomic_int_inc(&elem->dirp->refcount);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-    if (!elem) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return elem->dirp;
-}
-
-static void lo_opendir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino,
-                       struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int error = ENOMEM;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_dirp *d;
-    int fd;
-    ssize_t fh;
-
-    d = calloc(1, sizeof(struct lo_dirp));
-    if (d == NULL) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    fd = openat(lo_fd(req, ino), ".", O_RDONLY);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        goto out_errno;
-    }
-
-    d->dp = fdopendir(fd);
-    if (d->dp == NULL) {
-        goto out_errno;
-    }
-
-    d->offset = 0;
-    d->entry = NULL;
-
-    g_atomic_int_set(&d->refcount, 1); /* paired with lo_releasedir() */
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    fh = lo_add_dirp_mapping(req, d);
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-    if (fh == -1) {
-        goto out_err;
-    }
-
-    fi->fh = fh;
-    if (lo->cache == CACHE_ALWAYS) {
-        fi->cache_readdir = 1;
-    }
-    fuse_reply_open(req, fi);
-    return;
-
-out_errno:
-    error = errno;
-out_err:
-    if (d) {
-        if (d->dp) {
-            closedir(d->dp);
-        } else if (fd != -1) {
-            close(fd);
-        }
-        free(d);
-    }
-    fuse_reply_err(req, error);
-}
-
-static void lo_do_readdir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, size_t size,
-                          off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi, int plus)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_dirp *d = NULL;
-    struct lo_inode *dinode;
-    g_autofree char *buf = NULL;
-    char *p;
-    size_t rem = size;
-    int err = EBADF;
-
-    dinode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!dinode) {
-        goto error;
-    }
-
-    d = lo_dirp(req, fi);
-    if (!d) {
-        goto error;
-    }
-
-    err = ENOMEM;
-    buf = g_try_malloc0(size);
-    if (!buf) {
-        goto error;
-    }
-    p = buf;
-
-    if (offset != d->offset) {
-        seekdir(d->dp, offset);
-        d->entry = NULL;
-        d->offset = offset;
-    }
-    while (1) {
-        size_t entsize;
-        off_t nextoff;
-        const char *name;
-
-        if (!d->entry) {
-            errno = 0;
-            d->entry = readdir(d->dp);
-            if (!d->entry) {
-                if (errno) { /* Error */
-                    err = errno;
-                    goto error;
-                } else { /* End of stream */
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        nextoff = d->entry->d_off;
-        name = d->entry->d_name;
-
-        fuse_ino_t entry_ino = 0;
-        struct fuse_entry_param e = (struct fuse_entry_param){
-            .attr.st_ino = d->entry->d_ino,
-            .attr.st_mode = d->entry->d_type << 12,
-        };
-
-        /* Hide root's parent directory */
-        if (dinode == &lo->root && strcmp(name, "..") == 0) {
-            e.attr.st_ino = lo->root.key.ino;
-            e.attr.st_mode = DT_DIR << 12;
-        }
-
-        if (plus) {
-            if (!is_dot_or_dotdot(name)) {
-                err = lo_do_lookup(req, ino, name, &e, NULL);
-                if (err) {
-                    goto error;
-                }
-                entry_ino = e.ino;
-            }
-
-            entsize = fuse_add_direntry_plus(req, p, rem, name, &e, nextoff);
-        } else {
-            entsize = fuse_add_direntry(req, p, rem, name, &e.attr, nextoff);
-        }
-        if (entsize > rem) {
-            if (entry_ino != 0) {
-                lo_forget_one(req, entry_ino, 1);
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-
-        p += entsize;
-        rem -= entsize;
-
-        d->entry = NULL;
-        d->offset = nextoff;
-    }
-
-    err = 0;
-error:
-    lo_dirp_put(&d);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &dinode);
-
-    /*
-     * If there's an error, we can only signal it if we haven't stored
-     * any entries yet - otherwise we'd end up with wrong lookup
-     * counts for the entries that are already in the buffer. So we
-     * return what we've collected until that point.
-     */
-    if (err && rem == size) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_buf(req, buf, size - rem);
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_readdir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, size_t size,
-                       off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    lo_do_readdir(req, ino, size, offset, fi, 0);
-}
-
-static void lo_readdirplus(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, size_t size,
-                           off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    lo_do_readdir(req, ino, size, offset, fi, 1);
-}
-
-static void lo_releasedir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino,
-                          struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-    struct lo_dirp *d;
-
-    (void)ino;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    elem = lo_map_get(&lo->dirp_map, fi->fh);
-    if (!elem) {
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    d = elem->dirp;
-    lo_map_remove(&lo->dirp_map, fi->fh);
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-
-    lo_dirp_put(&d); /* paired with lo_opendir() */
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, 0);
-}
-
-static void update_open_flags(int writeback, int allow_direct_io,
-                              struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    /*
-     * With writeback cache, kernel may send read requests even
-     * when userspace opened write-only
-     */
-    if (writeback && (fi->flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_WRONLY) {
-        fi->flags &= ~O_ACCMODE;
-        fi->flags |= O_RDWR;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * With writeback cache, O_APPEND is handled by the kernel.
-     * This breaks atomicity (since the file may change in the
-     * underlying filesystem, so that the kernel's idea of the
-     * end of the file isn't accurate anymore). In this example,
-     * we just accept that. A more rigorous filesystem may want
-     * to return an error here
-     */
-    if (writeback && (fi->flags & O_APPEND)) {
-        fi->flags &= ~O_APPEND;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * O_DIRECT in guest should not necessarily mean bypassing page
-     * cache on host as well. Therefore, we discard it by default
-     * ('-o no_allow_direct_io'). If somebody needs that behavior,
-     * the '-o allow_direct_io' option should be set.
-     */
-    if (!allow_direct_io) {
-        fi->flags &= ~O_DIRECT;
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Open a regular file, set up an fd mapping, and fill out the struct
- * fuse_file_info for it. If existing_fd is not negative, use that fd instead
- * opening a new one. Takes ownership of existing_fd.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success or a positive errno.
- */
-static int lo_do_open(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode,
-                      int existing_fd, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    ssize_t fh;
-    int fd = existing_fd;
-    int err;
-    bool cap_fsetid_dropped = false;
-    bool kill_suidgid = lo->killpriv_v2 && fi->kill_priv;
-
-    update_open_flags(lo->writeback, lo->allow_direct_io, fi);
-
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        if (kill_suidgid) {
-            err = drop_effective_cap("FSETID", &cap_fsetid_dropped);
-            if (err) {
-                return err;
-            }
-        }
-
-        fd = lo_inode_open(lo, inode, fi->flags);
-
-        if (cap_fsetid_dropped) {
-            if (gain_effective_cap("FSETID")) {
-                fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to gain CAP_FSETID\n");
-            }
-        }
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            return -fd;
-        }
-        if (fi->flags & (O_TRUNC)) {
-            int err = drop_security_capability(lo, fd);
-            if (err) {
-                close(fd);
-                return err;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    fh = lo_add_fd_mapping(lo, fd);
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-    if (fh == -1) {
-        close(fd);
-        return ENOMEM;
-    }
-
-    fi->fh = fh;
-    if (lo->cache == CACHE_NONE) {
-        fi->direct_io = 1;
-    } else if (lo->cache == CACHE_ALWAYS) {
-        fi->keep_cache = 1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int do_create_nosecctx(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_inode *parent_inode,
-                               const char *name, mode_t mode,
-                               struct fuse_file_info *fi, int *open_fd,
-                              bool tmpfile)
-{
-    int err, fd;
-    struct lo_cred old = {};
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    int flags;
-
-    if (tmpfile) {
-        flags = fi->flags | O_TMPFILE;
-        /*
-         * Don't use O_EXCL as we want to link file later. Also reset O_CREAT
-         * otherwise openat() returns -EINVAL.
-         */
-        flags &= ~(O_CREAT | O_EXCL);
-
-        /* O_TMPFILE needs either O_RDWR or O_WRONLY */
-        if ((flags & O_ACCMODE) == O_RDONLY) {
-            flags |= O_RDWR;
-        }
-    } else {
-        flags = fi->flags | O_CREAT | O_EXCL;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_change_cred(req, &old, lo->change_umask);
-    if (err) {
-        return err;
-    }
-
-    /* Try to create a new file but don't open existing files */
-    fd = openat(parent_inode->fd, name, flags, mode);
-    err = fd == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    lo_restore_cred(&old, lo->change_umask);
-    if (!err) {
-        *open_fd = fd;
-    }
-    return err;
-}
-
-static int do_create_secctx_fscreate(fuse_req_t req,
-                                     struct lo_inode *parent_inode,
-                                     const char *name, mode_t mode,
-                                     struct fuse_file_info *fi, int *open_fd)
-{
-    int err = 0, fd = -1, fscreate_fd = -1;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    err = open_set_proc_fscreate(lo, req->secctx.ctx, req->secctx.ctxlen,
-                                 &fscreate_fd);
-    if (err) {
-        return err;
-    }
-
-    err = do_create_nosecctx(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi, &fd, false);
-
-    close_reset_proc_fscreate(fscreate_fd);
-    if (!err) {
-        *open_fd = fd;
-    }
-    return err;
-}
-
-static int do_create_secctx_tmpfile(fuse_req_t req,
-                                    struct lo_inode *parent_inode,
-                                    const char *name, mode_t mode,
-                                    struct fuse_file_info *fi,
-                                    const char *secctx_name, int *open_fd)
-{
-    int err, fd = -1;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    char procname[64];
-
-    err = do_create_nosecctx(req, parent_inode, ".", mode, fi, &fd, true);
-    if (err) {
-        return err;
-    }
-
-    err = fsetxattr(fd, secctx_name, req->secctx.ctx, req->secctx.ctxlen, 0);
-    if (err) {
-        err = errno;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    /* Security context set on file. Link it in place */
-    sprintf(procname, "%d", fd);
-    FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-    err = linkat(AT_FDCWD, procname, parent_inode->fd, name,
-                 AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW);
-    err = err == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-
-out:
-    if (!err) {
-        *open_fd = fd;
-    } else if (fd != -1) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-    return err;
-}
-
-static int do_create_secctx_noatomic(fuse_req_t req,
-                                     struct lo_inode *parent_inode,
-                                     const char *name, mode_t mode,
-                                     struct fuse_file_info *fi,
-                                     const char *secctx_name, int *open_fd)
-{
-    int err = 0, fd = -1;
-
-    err = do_create_nosecctx(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi, &fd, false);
-    if (err) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    /* Set security context. This is not atomic w.r.t file creation */
-    err = fsetxattr(fd, secctx_name, req->secctx.ctx, req->secctx.ctxlen, 0);
-    err = err == -1 ? errno : 0;
-out:
-    if (!err) {
-        *open_fd = fd;
-    } else {
-        if (fd != -1) {
-            close(fd);
-            unlinkat(parent_inode->fd, name, 0);
-        }
-    }
-    return err;
-}
-
-static int do_lo_create(fuse_req_t req, struct lo_inode *parent_inode,
-                        const char *name, mode_t mode,
-                        struct fuse_file_info *fi, int *open_fd)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    char *mapped_name = NULL;
-    int err;
-    const char *ctxname = req->secctx.name;
-    bool secctx_enabled = req->secctx.ctxlen;
-
-    if (secctx_enabled && lo->xattrmap) {
-        err = xattr_map_client(lo, req->secctx.name, &mapped_name);
-        if (err < 0) {
-            return -err;
-        }
-
-        ctxname = mapped_name;
-    }
-
-    if (secctx_enabled) {
-        /*
-         * If security.selinux has not been remapped and selinux is enabled,
-         * use fscreate to set context before file creation. If not, use
-         * tmpfile method for regular files. Otherwise fallback to
-         * non-atomic method of file creation and xattr setting.
-         */
-        if (!mapped_name && lo->use_fscreate) {
-            err = do_create_secctx_fscreate(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi,
-                                            open_fd);
-            goto out;
-        } else if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
-            err = do_create_secctx_tmpfile(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi,
-                                           ctxname, open_fd);
-            /*
-             * If filesystem does not support O_TMPFILE, fallback to non-atomic
-             * method.
-             */
-            if (!err || err != EOPNOTSUPP) {
-                goto out;
-            }
-        }
-
-        err = do_create_secctx_noatomic(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi,
-                                        ctxname, open_fd);
-    } else {
-        err = do_create_nosecctx(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi, open_fd,
-                                 false);
-    }
-
-out:
-    g_free(mapped_name);
-    return err;
-}
-
-static void lo_create(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t parent, const char *name,
-                      mode_t mode, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int fd = -1;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *parent_inode;
-    struct lo_inode *inode = NULL;
-    struct fuse_entry_param e;
-    int err;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_create(parent=%" PRIu64 ", name=%s)"
-             " kill_priv=%d\n", parent, name, fi->kill_priv);
-
-    if (!is_safe_path_component(name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    parent_inode = lo_inode(req, parent);
-    if (!parent_inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    update_open_flags(lo->writeback, lo->allow_direct_io, fi);
-
-    err = do_lo_create(req, parent_inode, name, mode, fi, &fd);
-
-    /* Ignore the error if file exists and O_EXCL was not given */
-    if (err && (err != EEXIST || (fi->flags & O_EXCL))) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_do_lookup(req, parent, name, &e, &inode);
-    if (err) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_do_open(lo, inode, fd, fi);
-    fd = -1; /* lo_do_open() takes ownership of fd */
-    if (err) {
-        /* Undo lo_do_lookup() nlookup ref */
-        unref_inode_lolocked(lo, inode, 1);
-    }
-
-out:
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &parent_inode);
-
-    if (err) {
-        if (fd >= 0) {
-            close(fd);
-        }
-
-        fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_create(req, &e, fi);
-    }
-}
-
-/* Should be called with inode->plock_mutex held */
-static struct lo_inode_plock *lookup_create_plock_ctx(struct lo_data *lo,
-                                                      struct lo_inode *inode,
-                                                      uint64_t lock_owner,
-                                                      pid_t pid, int *err)
-{
-    struct lo_inode_plock *plock;
-    int fd;
-
-    plock =
-        g_hash_table_lookup(inode->posix_locks, GUINT_TO_POINTER(lock_owner));
-
-    if (plock) {
-        return plock;
-    }
-
-    plock = malloc(sizeof(struct lo_inode_plock));
-    if (!plock) {
-        *err = ENOMEM;
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    /* Open another instance of file which can be used for ofd locks. */
-    /* TODO: What if file is not writable? */
-    fd = lo_inode_open(lo, inode, O_RDWR);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        *err = -fd;
-        free(plock);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    plock->lock_owner = lock_owner;
-    plock->fd = fd;
-    g_hash_table_insert(inode->posix_locks, GUINT_TO_POINTER(plock->lock_owner),
-                        plock);
-    return plock;
-}
-
-static void lo_getlk(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct fuse_file_info *fi,
-                     struct flock *lock)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct lo_inode_plock *plock;
-    int ret, saverr = 0;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG,
-             "lo_getlk(ino=%" PRIu64 ", flags=%d)"
-             " owner=0x%" PRIx64 ", l_type=%d l_start=0x%" PRIx64
-             " l_len=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
-             ino, fi->flags, fi->lock_owner, lock->l_type,
-             (uint64_t)lock->l_start, (uint64_t)lock->l_len);
-
-    if (!lo->posix_lock) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOSYS);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-    plock =
-        lookup_create_plock_ctx(lo, inode, fi->lock_owner, lock->l_pid, &ret);
-    if (!plock) {
-        saverr = ret;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    ret = fcntl(plock->fd, F_OFD_GETLK, lock);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        saverr = errno;
-    }
-
-out:
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-
-    if (saverr) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_lock(req, lock);
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_setlk(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct fuse_file_info *fi,
-                     struct flock *lock, int sleep)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct lo_inode_plock *plock;
-    int ret, saverr = 0;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG,
-             "lo_setlk(ino=%" PRIu64 ", flags=%d)"
-             " cmd=%d pid=%d owner=0x%" PRIx64 " sleep=%d l_whence=%d"
-             " l_start=0x%" PRIx64 " l_len=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
-             ino, fi->flags, lock->l_type, lock->l_pid, fi->lock_owner, sleep,
-             lock->l_whence, (uint64_t)lock->l_start, (uint64_t)lock->l_len);
-
-    if (!lo->posix_lock) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, ENOSYS);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (sleep) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-    plock =
-        lookup_create_plock_ctx(lo, inode, fi->lock_owner, lock->l_pid, &ret);
-
-    if (!plock) {
-        saverr = ret;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    /* TODO: Is it alright to modify flock? */
-    lock->l_pid = 0;
-    ret = fcntl(plock->fd, F_OFD_SETLK, lock);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        saverr = errno;
-    }
-
-out:
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-static void lo_fsyncdir(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, int datasync,
-                        struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct lo_dirp *d;
-    int fd;
-
-    (void)ino;
-
-    d = lo_dirp(req, fi);
-    if (!d) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    fd = dirfd(d->dp);
-    if (datasync) {
-        res = fdatasync(fd);
-    } else {
-        res = fsync(fd);
-    }
-
-    lo_dirp_put(&d);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-}
-
-static void lo_open(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    int err;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_open(ino=%" PRIu64 ", flags=%d, kill_priv=%d)"
-             "\n", ino, fi->flags, fi->kill_priv);
-
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_do_open(lo, inode, -1, fi);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    if (err) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_open(req, fi);
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_release(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino,
-                       struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_map_elem *elem;
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    (void)ino;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    elem = lo_map_get(&lo->fd_map, fi->fh);
-    if (elem) {
-        fd = elem->fd;
-        elem = NULL;
-        lo_map_remove(&lo->fd_map, fi->fh);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-
-    close(fd);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, 0);
-}
-
-static void lo_flush(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int res;
-    (void)ino;
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!S_ISREG(inode->filetype)) {
-        lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /* An fd is going away. Cleanup associated posix locks */
-    if (lo->posix_lock) {
-        pthread_mutex_lock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-        g_hash_table_remove(inode->posix_locks,
-            GUINT_TO_POINTER(fi->lock_owner));
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&inode->plock_mutex);
-    }
-    res = close(dup(lo_fi_fd(req, fi)));
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-}
-
-static void lo_fsync(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, int datasync,
-                     struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct lo_inode *inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    int res;
-    int fd;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_fsync(ino=%" PRIu64 ", fi=0x%p)\n", ino,
-             (void *)fi);
-
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!fi) {
-        fd = lo_inode_open(lo, inode, O_RDWR);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            res = -fd;
-            goto out;
-        }
-    } else {
-        fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi);
-    }
-
-    if (datasync) {
-        res = fdatasync(fd) == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    } else {
-        res = fsync(fd) == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    }
-    if (!fi) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-out:
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res);
-}
-
-static void lo_read(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, size_t size, off_t offset,
-                    struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    struct fuse_bufvec buf = FUSE_BUFVEC_INIT(size);
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG,
-             "lo_read(ino=%" PRIu64 ", size=%zd, "
-             "off=%lu)\n",
-             ino, size, (unsigned long)offset);
-
-    buf.buf[0].flags = FUSE_BUF_IS_FD | FUSE_BUF_FD_SEEK;
-    buf.buf[0].fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi);
-    buf.buf[0].pos = offset;
-
-    fuse_reply_data(req, &buf);
-}
-
-static void lo_write_buf(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino,
-                         struct fuse_bufvec *in_buf, off_t off,
-                         struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    (void)ino;
-    ssize_t res;
-    struct fuse_bufvec out_buf = FUSE_BUFVEC_INIT(fuse_buf_size(in_buf));
-    bool cap_fsetid_dropped = false;
-
-    out_buf.buf[0].flags = FUSE_BUF_IS_FD | FUSE_BUF_FD_SEEK;
-    out_buf.buf[0].fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi);
-    out_buf.buf[0].pos = off;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG,
-             "lo_write_buf(ino=%" PRIu64 ", size=%zd, off=%lu kill_priv=%d)\n",
-             ino, out_buf.buf[0].size, (unsigned long)off, fi->kill_priv);
-
-    res = drop_security_capability(lo_data(req), out_buf.buf[0].fd);
-    if (res) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, res);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * If kill_priv is set, drop CAP_FSETID which should lead to kernel
-     * clearing setuid/setgid on file. Note, for WRITE, we need to do
-     * this even if killpriv_v2 is not enabled. fuse direct write path
-     * relies on this.
-     */
-    if (fi->kill_priv) {
-        res = drop_effective_cap("FSETID", &cap_fsetid_dropped);
-        if (res != 0) {
-            fuse_reply_err(req, res);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    res = fuse_buf_copy(&out_buf, in_buf);
-    if (res < 0) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, -res);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_write(req, (size_t)res);
-    }
-
-    if (cap_fsetid_dropped) {
-        res = gain_effective_cap("FSETID");
-        if (res) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to gain CAP_FSETID\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_statfs(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino)
-{
-    int res;
-    struct statvfs stbuf;
-
-    res = fstatvfs(lo_fd(req, ino), &stbuf);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, errno);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_statfs(req, &stbuf);
-    }
-}
-
-static void lo_fallocate(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, int mode, off_t offset,
-                         off_t length, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    int err = EOPNOTSUPP;
-    (void)ino;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_FALLOCATE
-    err = fallocate(lo_fi_fd(req, fi), mode, offset, length);
-    if (err < 0) {
-        err = errno;
-    }
-
-#elif defined(CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE)
-    if (mode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    err = posix_fallocate(lo_fi_fd(req, fi), offset, length);
-#endif
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-}
-
-static void lo_flock(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, struct fuse_file_info *fi,
-                     int op)
-{
-    int res;
-    (void)ino;
-
-    if (!(op & LOCK_NB)) {
-        /*
-         * Blocking flock can deadlock as there is only one thread
-         * serving the queue.
-         */
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    res = flock(lo_fi_fd(req, fi), op);
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, res == -1 ? errno : 0);
-}
-
-/* types */
-/*
- * Exit; process attribute unmodified if matched.
- * An empty key applies to all.
- */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_OK      (1 <<  0)
-/*
- * The attribute is unwanted;
- * EPERM on write, hidden on read.
- */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD     (1 <<  1)
-/*
- * For attr that start with 'key' prepend 'prepend'
- * 'key' may be empty to prepend for all attrs
- * key is defined from set/remove point of view.
- * Automatically reversed on read
- */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_PREFIX  (1 <<  2)
-/*
- * The attribute is unsupported;
- * ENOTSUP on write, hidden on read.
- */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_UNSUPPORTED     (1 <<  3)
-
-/* scopes */
-/* Apply rule to get/set/remove */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_CLIENT  (1 << 16)
-/* Apply rule to list */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_SERVER  (1 << 17)
-/* Apply rule to all */
-#define XATTR_MAP_FLAG_ALL   (XATTR_MAP_FLAG_SERVER | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_CLIENT)
-
-static void add_xattrmap_entry(struct lo_data *lo,
-                               const XattrMapEntry *new_entry)
-{
-    XattrMapEntry *res = g_realloc_n(lo->xattr_map_list,
-                                     lo->xattr_map_nentries + 1,
-                                     sizeof(XattrMapEntry));
-    res[lo->xattr_map_nentries++] = *new_entry;
-
-    lo->xattr_map_list = res;
-}
-
-static void free_xattrmap(struct lo_data *lo)
-{
-    XattrMapEntry *map = lo->xattr_map_list;
-    size_t i;
-
-    if (!map) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < lo->xattr_map_nentries; i++) {
-        g_free(map[i].key);
-        g_free(map[i].prepend);
-    };
-
-    g_free(map);
-    lo->xattr_map_list = NULL;
-    lo->xattr_map_nentries = -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Handle the 'map' type, which is sugar for a set of commands
- * for the common case of prefixing a subset or everything,
- * and allowing anything not prefixed through.
- * It must be the last entry in the stream, although there
- * can be other entries before it.
- * The form is:
- *    :map:key:prefix:
- *
- * key maybe empty in which case all entries are prefixed.
- */
-static void parse_xattrmap_map(struct lo_data *lo,
-                               const char *rule, char sep)
-{
-    const char *tmp;
-    char *key;
-    char *prefix;
-    XattrMapEntry tmp_entry;
-
-    if (*rule != sep) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                 "%s: Expecting '%c' after 'map' keyword, found '%c'\n",
-                 __func__, sep, *rule);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    rule++;
-
-    /* At start of 'key' field */
-    tmp = strchr(rule, sep);
-    if (!tmp) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                 "%s: Missing '%c' at end of key field in map rule\n",
-                 __func__, sep);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    key = g_strndup(rule, tmp - rule);
-    rule = tmp + 1;
-
-    /* At start of prefix field */
-    tmp = strchr(rule, sep);
-    if (!tmp) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                 "%s: Missing '%c' at end of prefix field in map rule\n",
-                 __func__, sep);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    prefix = g_strndup(rule, tmp - rule);
-    rule = tmp + 1;
-
-    /*
-     * This should be the end of the string, we don't allow
-     * any more commands after 'map'.
-     */
-    if (*rule) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                 "%s: Expecting end of command after map, found '%c'\n",
-                 __func__, *rule);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* 1st: Prefix matches/everything */
-    tmp_entry.flags = XATTR_MAP_FLAG_PREFIX | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_ALL;
-    tmp_entry.key = g_strdup(key);
-    tmp_entry.prepend = g_strdup(prefix);
-    add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-
-    if (!*key) {
-        /* Prefix all case */
-
-        /* 2nd: Hide any non-prefixed entries on the host */
-        tmp_entry.flags = XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_ALL;
-        tmp_entry.key = g_strdup("");
-        tmp_entry.prepend = g_strdup("");
-        add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-    } else {
-        /* Prefix matching case */
-
-        /* 2nd: Hide non-prefixed but matching entries on the host */
-        tmp_entry.flags = XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_SERVER;
-        tmp_entry.key = g_strdup(""); /* Not used */
-        tmp_entry.prepend = g_strdup(key);
-        add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-
-        /* 3rd: Stop the client accessing prefixed attributes directly */
-        tmp_entry.flags = XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_CLIENT;
-        tmp_entry.key = g_strdup(prefix);
-        tmp_entry.prepend = g_strdup(""); /* Not used */
-        add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-
-        /* 4th: Everything else is OK */
-        tmp_entry.flags = XATTR_MAP_FLAG_OK | XATTR_MAP_FLAG_ALL;
-        tmp_entry.key = g_strdup("");
-        tmp_entry.prepend = g_strdup("");
-        add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-    }
-
-    g_free(key);
-    g_free(prefix);
-}
-
-static void parse_xattrmap(struct lo_data *lo)
-{
-    const char *map = lo->xattrmap;
-    const char *tmp;
-    int ret;
-
-    lo->xattr_map_nentries = 0;
-    while (*map) {
-        XattrMapEntry tmp_entry;
-        char sep;
-
-        if (isspace(*map)) {
-            map++;
-            continue;
-        }
-        /* The separator is the first non-space of the rule */
-        sep = *map++;
-        if (!sep) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        tmp_entry.flags = 0;
-        /* Start of 'type' */
-        if (strstart(map, "prefix", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_PREFIX;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "ok", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_OK;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "bad", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "unsupported", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_UNSUPPORTED;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "map", &map)) {
-            /*
-             * map is sugar that adds a number of rules, and must be
-             * the last entry.
-             */
-            parse_xattrmap_map(lo, map, sep);
-            break;
-        } else {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Unexpected type;"
-                     "Expecting 'prefix', 'ok', 'bad', 'unsupported' or 'map'"
-                     " in rule %zu\n", __func__, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        if (*map++ != sep) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Missing '%c' at end of type field of rule %zu\n",
-                     __func__, sep, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        /* Start of 'scope' */
-        if (strstart(map, "client", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_CLIENT;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "server", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_SERVER;
-        } else if (strstart(map, "all", &map)) {
-            tmp_entry.flags |= XATTR_MAP_FLAG_ALL;
-        } else {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Unexpected scope;"
-                     " Expecting 'client', 'server', or 'all', in rule %zu\n",
-                     __func__, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        if (*map++ != sep) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Expecting '%c' found '%c'"
-                     " after scope in rule %zu\n",
-                     __func__, sep, *map, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        /* At start of 'key' field */
-        tmp = strchr(map, sep);
-        if (!tmp) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Missing '%c' at end of key field of rule %zu",
-                     __func__, sep, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        tmp_entry.key = g_strndup(map, tmp - map);
-        map = tmp + 1;
-
-        /* At start of 'prepend' field */
-        tmp = strchr(map, sep);
-        if (!tmp) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Missing '%c' at end of prepend field of rule %zu",
-                     __func__, sep, lo->xattr_map_nentries);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        tmp_entry.prepend = g_strndup(map, tmp - map);
-        map = tmp + 1;
-
-        add_xattrmap_entry(lo, &tmp_entry);
-        /* End of rule - go around again for another rule */
-    }
-
-    if (!lo->xattr_map_nentries) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Empty xattr map\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    ret = xattr_map_client(lo, "security.capability",
-                           &lo->xattr_security_capability);
-    if (ret) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Failed to map security.capability: %s\n",
-                strerror(ret));
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    if (!lo->xattr_security_capability ||
-        !strcmp(lo->xattr_security_capability, "security.capability")) {
-        /* 1-1 mapping, don't need to do anything */
-        free(lo->xattr_security_capability);
-        lo->xattr_security_capability = NULL;
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * For use with getxattr/setxattr/removexattr, where the client
- * gives us a name and we may need to choose a different one.
- * Allocates a buffer for the result placing it in *out_name.
- *   If there's no change then *out_name is not set.
- * Returns 0 on success
- * Can return -EPERM to indicate we block a given attribute
- *   (in which case out_name is not allocated)
- * Can return -ENOMEM to indicate out_name couldn't be allocated.
- */
-static int xattr_map_client(const struct lo_data *lo, const char *client_name,
-                            char **out_name)
-{
-    size_t i;
-    for (i = 0; i < lo->xattr_map_nentries; i++) {
-        const XattrMapEntry *cur_entry = lo->xattr_map_list + i;
-
-        if ((cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_CLIENT) &&
-            (strstart(client_name, cur_entry->key, NULL))) {
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD) {
-                return -EPERM;
-            }
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_UNSUPPORTED) {
-                return -ENOTSUP;
-            }
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_OK) {
-                /* Unmodified name */
-                return 0;
-            }
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_PREFIX) {
-                *out_name = g_try_malloc(strlen(client_name) +
-                                         strlen(cur_entry->prepend) + 1);
-                if (!*out_name) {
-                    return -ENOMEM;
-                }
-                sprintf(*out_name, "%s%s", cur_entry->prepend, client_name);
-                return 0;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return -EPERM;
-}
-
-/*
- * For use with listxattr where the server fs gives us a name and we may need
- * to sanitize this for the client.
- * Returns a pointer to the result in *out_name
- *   This is always the original string or the current string with some prefix
- *   removed; no reallocation is done.
- * Returns 0 on success
- * Can return -ENODATA to indicate the name should be dropped from the list.
- */
-static int xattr_map_server(const struct lo_data *lo, const char *server_name,
-                            const char **out_name)
-{
-    size_t i;
-    const char *end;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < lo->xattr_map_nentries; i++) {
-        const XattrMapEntry *cur_entry = lo->xattr_map_list + i;
-
-        if ((cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_SERVER) &&
-            (strstart(server_name, cur_entry->prepend, &end))) {
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_BAD ||
-                cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_UNSUPPORTED) {
-                return -ENODATA;
-            }
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_OK) {
-                *out_name = server_name;
-                return 0;
-            }
-            if (cur_entry->flags & XATTR_MAP_FLAG_PREFIX) {
-                /* Remove prefix */
-                *out_name = end;
-                return 0;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return -ENODATA;
-}
-
-static bool block_xattr(struct lo_data *lo, const char *name)
-{
-    /*
-     * If user explicitly enabled posix_acl or did not provide any option,
-     * do not block acl. Otherwise block system.posix_acl_access and
-     * system.posix_acl_default xattrs.
-     */
-    if (lo->user_posix_acl) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (!strcmp(name, "system.posix_acl_access") ||
-        !strcmp(name, "system.posix_acl_default"))
-            return true;
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-/*
- * Returns number of bytes in xattr_list after filtering on success. This
- * could be zero as well if nothing is left after filtering.
- *
- * Returns negative error code on failure.
- * xattr_list is modified in place.
- */
-static int remove_blocked_xattrs(struct lo_data *lo, char *xattr_list,
-                                 unsigned in_size)
-{
-    size_t out_index, in_index;
-
-    /*
-     * As of now we only filter out acl xattrs. If acls are enabled or
-     * they have not been explicitly disabled, there is nothing to
-     * filter.
-     */
-    if (lo->user_posix_acl) {
-        return in_size;
-    }
-
-    out_index = 0;
-    in_index = 0;
-    while (in_index < in_size) {
-        char *in_ptr = xattr_list + in_index;
-
-        /* Length of current attribute name */
-        size_t in_len = strlen(xattr_list + in_index) + 1;
-
-        if (!block_xattr(lo, in_ptr)) {
-            if (in_index != out_index) {
-                memmove(xattr_list + out_index, xattr_list + in_index, in_len);
-            }
-            out_index += in_len;
-        }
-        in_index += in_len;
-     }
-    return out_index;
-}
-
-static void lo_getxattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, const char *in_name,
-                        size_t size)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    g_autofree char *value = NULL;
-    char procname[64];
-    const char *name;
-    char *mapped_name;
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    ssize_t ret;
-    int saverr;
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    if (block_xattr(lo, in_name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    mapped_name = NULL;
-    name = in_name;
-    if (lo->xattrmap) {
-        ret = xattr_map_client(lo, in_name, &mapped_name);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            if (ret == -EPERM) {
-                ret = -ENODATA;
-            }
-            fuse_reply_err(req, -ret);
-            return;
-        }
-        if (mapped_name) {
-            name = mapped_name;
-        }
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        g_free(mapped_name);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    saverr = ENOSYS;
-    if (!lo_data(req)->xattr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_getxattr(ino=%" PRIu64 ", name=%s size=%zd)\n",
-             ino, name, size);
-
-    if (size) {
-        value = g_try_malloc(size);
-        if (!value) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-    /*
-     * It is not safe to open() non-regular/non-dir files in file server
-     * unless O_PATH is used, so use that method for regular files/dir
-     * only (as it seems giving less performance overhead).
-     * Otherwise, call fchdir() to avoid open().
-     */
-    if (S_ISREG(inode->filetype) || S_ISDIR(inode->filetype)) {
-        fd = openat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, O_RDONLY);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-        ret = fgetxattr(fd, name, value, size);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    } else {
-        /* fchdir should not fail here */
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-        ret = getxattr(procname, name, value, size);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-    }
-
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-    if (size) {
-        saverr = 0;
-        if (ret == 0) {
-            goto out;
-        }
-        fuse_reply_buf(req, value, ret);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_xattr(req, ret);
-    }
-out_free:
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    return;
-
-out_err:
-    saverr = errno;
-out:
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-    g_free(mapped_name);
-    goto out_free;
-}
-
-static void lo_listxattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, size_t size)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    g_autofree char *value = NULL;
-    char procname[64];
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    ssize_t ret;
-    int saverr;
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    saverr = ENOSYS;
-    if (!lo_data(req)->xattr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_listxattr(ino=%" PRIu64 ", size=%zd)\n", ino,
-             size);
-
-    if (size) {
-        value = g_try_malloc(size);
-        if (!value) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-    }
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-    if (S_ISREG(inode->filetype) || S_ISDIR(inode->filetype)) {
-        fd = openat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, O_RDONLY);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            goto out_err;
-        }
-        ret = flistxattr(fd, value, size);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    } else {
-        /* fchdir should not fail here */
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-        ret = listxattr(procname, value, size);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-    }
-
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-    if (size) {
-        saverr = 0;
-        if (ret == 0) {
-            goto out;
-        }
-
-        if (lo->xattr_map_list) {
-            /*
-             * Map the names back, some attributes might be dropped,
-             * some shortened, but not increased, so we shouldn't
-             * run out of room.
-             */
-            size_t out_index, in_index;
-            out_index = 0;
-            in_index = 0;
-            while (in_index < ret) {
-                const char *map_out;
-                char *in_ptr = value + in_index;
-                /* Length of current attribute name */
-                size_t in_len = strlen(value + in_index) + 1;
-
-                int mapret = xattr_map_server(lo, in_ptr, &map_out);
-                if (mapret != -ENODATA && mapret != 0) {
-                    /* Shouldn't happen */
-                    saverr = -mapret;
-                    goto out;
-                }
-                if (mapret == 0) {
-                    /* Either unchanged, or truncated */
-                    size_t out_len;
-                    if (map_out != in_ptr) {
-                        /* +1 copies the NIL */
-                        out_len = strlen(map_out) + 1;
-                    } else {
-                        /* No change */
-                        out_len = in_len;
-                    }
-                    /*
-                     * Move result along, may still be needed for an unchanged
-                     * entry if a previous entry was changed.
-                     */
-                    memmove(value + out_index, map_out, out_len);
-
-                    out_index += out_len;
-                }
-                in_index += in_len;
-            }
-            ret = out_index;
-            if (ret == 0) {
-                goto out;
-            }
-        }
-
-        ret = remove_blocked_xattrs(lo, value, ret);
-        if (ret <= 0) {
-            saverr = -ret;
-            goto out;
-        }
-        fuse_reply_buf(req, value, ret);
-    } else {
-        /*
-         * xattrmap only ever shortens the result,
-         * so we don't need to do anything clever with the
-         * allocation length here.
-         */
-        fuse_reply_xattr(req, ret);
-    }
-out_free:
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    return;
-
-out_err:
-    saverr = errno;
-out:
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-    goto out_free;
-}
-
-static void lo_setxattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, const char *in_name,
-                        const char *value, size_t size, int flags,
-                        uint32_t extra_flags)
-{
-    char procname[64];
-    const char *name;
-    char *mapped_name;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    ssize_t ret;
-    int saverr;
-    int fd = -1;
-    bool switched_creds = false;
-    bool cap_fsetid_dropped = false;
-    struct lo_cred old = {};
-
-    if (block_xattr(lo, in_name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    mapped_name = NULL;
-    name = in_name;
-    if (lo->xattrmap) {
-        ret = xattr_map_client(lo, in_name, &mapped_name);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            fuse_reply_err(req, -ret);
-            return;
-        }
-        if (mapped_name) {
-            name = mapped_name;
-        }
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        g_free(mapped_name);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    saverr = ENOSYS;
-    if (!lo_data(req)->xattr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_setxattr(ino=%" PRIu64
-             ", name=%s value=%s size=%zd)\n", ino, name, value, size);
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-    /*
-     * If we are setting posix access acl and if SGID needs to be
-     * cleared, then switch to caller's gid and drop CAP_FSETID
-     * and that should make sure host kernel clears SGID.
-     *
-     * This probably will not work when we support idmapped mounts.
-     * In that case we will need to find a non-root gid and switch
-     * to it. (Instead of gid in request). Fix it when we support
-     * idmapped mounts.
-     */
-    if (lo->posix_acl && !strcmp(name, "system.posix_acl_access")
-        && (extra_flags & FUSE_SETXATTR_ACL_KILL_SGID)) {
-        ret = lo_drop_cap_change_cred(req, &old, false, "FSETID",
-                                      &cap_fsetid_dropped);
-        if (ret) {
-            saverr = ret;
-            goto out;
-        }
-        switched_creds = true;
-    }
-    if (S_ISREG(inode->filetype) || S_ISDIR(inode->filetype)) {
-        fd = openat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, O_RDONLY);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            saverr = errno;
-            goto out;
-        }
-        ret = fsetxattr(fd, name, value, size, flags);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    } else {
-        /* fchdir should not fail here */
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-        ret = setxattr(procname, name, value, size, flags);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-    }
-    if (switched_creds) {
-        if (cap_fsetid_dropped)
-            lo_restore_cred_gain_cap(&old, false, "FSETID");
-        else
-            lo_restore_cred(&old, false);
-    }
-
-out:
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    g_free(mapped_name);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-static void lo_removexattr(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, const char *in_name)
-{
-    char procname[64];
-    const char *name;
-    char *mapped_name;
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode;
-    ssize_t ret;
-    int saverr;
-    int fd = -1;
-
-    if (block_xattr(lo, in_name)) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EOPNOTSUPP);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    mapped_name = NULL;
-    name = in_name;
-    if (lo->xattrmap) {
-        ret = xattr_map_client(lo, in_name, &mapped_name);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            fuse_reply_err(req, -ret);
-            return;
-        }
-        if (mapped_name) {
-            name = mapped_name;
-        }
-    }
-
-    inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        g_free(mapped_name);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    saverr = ENOSYS;
-    if (!lo_data(req)->xattr) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_removexattr(ino=%" PRIu64 ", name=%s)\n", ino,
-             name);
-
-    sprintf(procname, "%i", inode->fd);
-    if (S_ISREG(inode->filetype) || S_ISDIR(inode->filetype)) {
-        fd = openat(lo->proc_self_fd, procname, O_RDONLY);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-            saverr = errno;
-            goto out;
-        }
-        ret = fremovexattr(fd, name);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-    } else {
-        /* fchdir should not fail here */
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->proc_self_fd);
-        ret = removexattr(procname, name);
-        saverr = ret == -1 ? errno : 0;
-        FCHDIR_NOFAIL(lo->root.fd);
-    }
-
-out:
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        close(fd);
-    }
-
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-    g_free(mapped_name);
-    fuse_reply_err(req, saverr);
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
-static void lo_copy_file_range(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino_in, off_t off_in,
-                               struct fuse_file_info *fi_in, fuse_ino_t ino_out,
-                               off_t off_out, struct fuse_file_info *fi_out,
-                               size_t len, int flags)
-{
-    int in_fd, out_fd;
-    ssize_t res;
-
-    in_fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi_in);
-    out_fd = lo_fi_fd(req, fi_out);
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG,
-             "lo_copy_file_range(ino=%" PRIu64 "/fd=%d, "
-             "off=%ju, ino=%" PRIu64 "/fd=%d, "
-             "off=%ju, size=%zd, flags=0x%x)\n",
-             ino_in, in_fd, (intmax_t)off_in,
-             ino_out, out_fd, (intmax_t)off_out, len, flags);
-
-    res = copy_file_range(in_fd, &off_in, out_fd, &off_out, len, flags);
-    if (res < 0) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, errno);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_write(req, res);
-    }
-}
-#endif
-
-static void lo_lseek(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino, off_t off, int whence,
-                     struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-    off_t res;
-
-    (void)ino;
-    res = lseek(lo_fi_fd(req, fi), off, whence);
-    if (res != -1) {
-        fuse_reply_lseek(req, res);
-    } else {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, errno);
-    }
-}
-
-static int lo_do_syncfs(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *inode)
-{
-    int fd, ret = 0;
-
-    fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_DEBUG, "lo_do_syncfs(ino=%" PRIu64 ")\n",
-             inode->fuse_ino);
-
-    fd = lo_inode_open(lo, inode, O_RDONLY);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        return -fd;
-    }
-
-    if (syncfs(fd) < 0) {
-        ret = errno;
-    }
-
-    close(fd);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-static void lo_syncfs(fuse_req_t req, fuse_ino_t ino)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = lo_data(req);
-    struct lo_inode *inode = lo_inode(req, ino);
-    int err;
-
-    if (!inode) {
-        fuse_reply_err(req, EBADF);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    err = lo_do_syncfs(lo, inode);
-    lo_inode_put(lo, &inode);
-
-    /*
-     * If submounts aren't announced, the client only sends a request to
-     * sync the root inode. TODO: Track submounts internally and iterate
-     * over them as well.
-     */
-
-    fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-}
-
-static void lo_destroy(void *userdata)
-{
-    struct lo_data *lo = (struct lo_data *)userdata;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&lo->mutex);
-    while (true) {
-        GHashTableIter iter;
-        gpointer key, value;
-
-        g_hash_table_iter_init(&iter, lo->inodes);
-        if (!g_hash_table_iter_next(&iter, &key, &value)) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        struct lo_inode *inode = value;
-        unref_inode(lo, inode, inode->nlookup);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lo->mutex);
-}
-
-static struct fuse_lowlevel_ops lo_oper = {
-    .init = lo_init,
-    .lookup = lo_lookup,
-    .mkdir = lo_mkdir,
-    .mknod = lo_mknod,
-    .symlink = lo_symlink,
-    .link = lo_link,
-    .unlink = lo_unlink,
-    .rmdir = lo_rmdir,
-    .rename = lo_rename,
-    .forget = lo_forget,
-    .forget_multi = lo_forget_multi,
-    .getattr = lo_getattr,
-    .setattr = lo_setattr,
-    .readlink = lo_readlink,
-    .opendir = lo_opendir,
-    .readdir = lo_readdir,
-    .readdirplus = lo_readdirplus,
-    .releasedir = lo_releasedir,
-    .fsyncdir = lo_fsyncdir,
-    .create = lo_create,
-    .getlk = lo_getlk,
-    .setlk = lo_setlk,
-    .open = lo_open,
-    .release = lo_release,
-    .flush = lo_flush,
-    .fsync = lo_fsync,
-    .read = lo_read,
-    .write_buf = lo_write_buf,
-    .statfs = lo_statfs,
-    .fallocate = lo_fallocate,
-    .flock = lo_flock,
-    .getxattr = lo_getxattr,
-    .listxattr = lo_listxattr,
-    .setxattr = lo_setxattr,
-    .removexattr = lo_removexattr,
-#ifdef HAVE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
-    .copy_file_range = lo_copy_file_range,
-#endif
-    .lseek = lo_lseek,
-    .syncfs = lo_syncfs,
-    .destroy = lo_destroy,
-};
-
-/* Print vhost-user.json backend program capabilities */
-static void print_capabilities(void)
-{
-    printf("{\n");
-    printf("  \"type\": \"fs\"\n");
-    printf("}\n");
-}
-
-/*
- * Drop all Linux capabilities because the wait parent process only needs to
- * sit in waitpid(2) and terminate.
- */
-static void setup_wait_parent_capabilities(void)
-{
-    capng_setpid(syscall(SYS_gettid));
-    capng_clear(CAPNG_SELECT_BOTH);
-    capng_apply(CAPNG_SELECT_BOTH);
-}
-
-/*
- * Move to a new mount, net, and pid namespaces to isolate this process.
- */
-static void setup_namespaces(struct lo_data *lo, struct fuse_session *se)
-{
-    pid_t child;
-
-    /*
-     * Create a new pid namespace for *child* processes.  We'll have to
-     * fork in order to enter the new pid namespace.  A new mount namespace
-     * is also needed so that we can remount /proc for the new pid
-     * namespace.
-     *
-     * Our UNIX domain sockets have been created.  Now we can move to
-     * an empty network namespace to prevent TCP/IP and other network
-     * activity in case this process is compromised.
-     */
-    if (unshare(CLONE_NEWPID | CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_NEWNET) != 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "unshare(CLONE_NEWPID | CLONE_NEWNS): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    child = fork();
-    if (child < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "fork() failed: %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    if (child > 0) {
-        pid_t waited;
-        int wstatus;
-
-        setup_wait_parent_capabilities();
-
-        /* The parent waits for the child */
-        do {
-            waited = waitpid(child, &wstatus, 0);
-        } while (waited < 0 && errno == EINTR && !se->exited);
-
-        /* We were terminated by a signal, see fuse_signals.c */
-        if (se->exited) {
-            exit(0);
-        }
-
-        if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
-            exit(WEXITSTATUS(wstatus));
-        }
-
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* Send us SIGTERM when the parent thread terminates, see prctl(2) */
-    prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM);
-
-    /*
-     * If the mounts have shared propagation then we want to opt out so our
-     * mount changes don't affect the parent mount namespace.
-     */
-    if (mount(NULL, "/", NULL, MS_REC | MS_SLAVE, NULL) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "mount(/, MS_REC|MS_SLAVE): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* The child must remount /proc to use the new pid namespace */
-    if (mount("proc", "/proc", "proc",
-              MS_NODEV | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOSUID | MS_RELATIME, NULL) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "mount(/proc): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* Get the /proc/self/task descriptor */
-    lo->proc_self_task = open("/proc/self/task/", O_PATH);
-    if (lo->proc_self_task == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(/proc/self/task, O_PATH): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    lo->use_fscreate = is_fscreate_usable(lo);
-
-    /*
-     * We only need /proc/self/fd. Prevent ".." from accessing parent
-     * directories of /proc/self/fd by bind-mounting it over /proc. Since / was
-     * previously remounted with MS_REC | MS_SLAVE this mount change only
-     * affects our process.
-     */
-    if (mount("/proc/self/fd", "/proc", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "mount(/proc/self/fd, MS_BIND): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* Get the /proc (actually /proc/self/fd, see above) file descriptor */
-    lo->proc_self_fd = open("/proc", O_PATH);
-    if (lo->proc_self_fd == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(/proc, O_PATH): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Capture the capability state, we'll need to restore this for individual
- * threads later; see load_capng.
- */
-static void setup_capng(void)
-{
-    /* Note this accesses /proc so has to happen before the sandbox */
-    if (capng_get_caps_process()) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_get_caps_process\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_init(&cap.mutex, NULL);
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&cap.mutex);
-    cap.saved = capng_save_state();
-    if (!cap.saved) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "capng_save_state\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&cap.mutex);
-}
-
-static void cleanup_capng(void)
-{
-    free(cap.saved);
-    cap.saved = NULL;
-    pthread_mutex_destroy(&cap.mutex);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Make the source directory our root so symlinks cannot escape and no other
- * files are accessible.  Assumes unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) was already called.
- */
-static void setup_mounts(const char *source)
-{
-    int oldroot;
-    int newroot;
-
-    if (mount(source, source, NULL, MS_BIND | MS_REC, NULL) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "mount(%s, %s, MS_BIND): %m\n", source, source);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* This magic is based on lxc's lxc_pivot_root() */
-    oldroot = open("/", O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (oldroot < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(/): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    newroot = open(source, O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (newroot < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(%s): %m\n", source);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (fchdir(newroot) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "fchdir(newroot): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (syscall(__NR_pivot_root, ".", ".") < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "pivot_root(., .): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (fchdir(oldroot) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "fchdir(oldroot): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (mount("", ".", "", MS_SLAVE | MS_REC, NULL) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "mount(., MS_SLAVE | MS_REC): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (umount2(".", MNT_DETACH) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "umount2(., MNT_DETACH): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (fchdir(newroot) < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "fchdir(newroot): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    close(newroot);
-    close(oldroot);
-}
-
-/*
- * Only keep capabilities in allowlist that are needed for file system operation
- * The (possibly NULL) modcaps_in string passed in is free'd before exit.
- */
-static void setup_capabilities(char *modcaps_in)
-{
-    char *modcaps = modcaps_in;
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&cap.mutex);
-    capng_restore_state(&cap.saved);
-
-    /*
-     * Add to allowlist file system-related capabilities that are needed for a
-     * file server to act like root.  Drop everything else like networking and
-     * sysadmin capabilities.
-     *
-     * Exclusions:
-     * 1. CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE is not included because it's only used via ioctl
-     *    and we don't support that.
-     * 2. CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE is not included because it only seems to be
-     *    used by the Smack LSM.  Omit it until there is demand for it.
-     */
-    capng_setpid(syscall(SYS_gettid));
-    capng_clear(CAPNG_SELECT_BOTH);
-    if (capng_updatev(CAPNG_ADD, CAPNG_PERMITTED | CAPNG_EFFECTIVE,
-            CAP_CHOWN,
-            CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE,
-            CAP_FOWNER,
-            CAP_FSETID,
-            CAP_SETGID,
-            CAP_SETUID,
-            CAP_MKNOD,
-            CAP_SETFCAP,
-            -1)) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "%s: capng_updatev failed\n", __func__);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * The modcaps option is a colon separated list of caps,
-     * each preceded by either + or -.
-     */
-    while (modcaps) {
-        capng_act_t action;
-        int cap;
-
-        char *next = strchr(modcaps, ':');
-        if (next) {
-            *next = '\0';
-            next++;
-        }
-
-        switch (modcaps[0]) {
-        case '+':
-            action = CAPNG_ADD;
-            break;
-
-        case '-':
-            action = CAPNG_DROP;
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR,
-                     "%s: Expecting '+'/'-' in modcaps but found '%c'\n",
-                     __func__, modcaps[0]);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        cap = capng_name_to_capability(modcaps + 1);
-        if (cap < 0) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "%s: Unknown capability '%s'\n", __func__,
-                     modcaps);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (capng_update(action, CAPNG_PERMITTED | CAPNG_EFFECTIVE, cap)) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "%s: capng_update failed for '%s'\n",
-                     __func__, modcaps);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-
-        modcaps = next;
-    }
-    g_free(modcaps_in);
-
-    if (capng_apply(CAPNG_SELECT_BOTH)) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "%s: capng_apply failed\n", __func__);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    cap.saved = capng_save_state();
-    if (!cap.saved) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "%s: capng_save_state failed\n", __func__);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&cap.mutex);
-}
-
-/*
- * Use chroot as a weaker sandbox for environments where the process is
- * launched without CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
- */
-static void setup_chroot(struct lo_data *lo)
-{
-    lo->proc_self_fd = open("/proc/self/fd", O_PATH);
-    if (lo->proc_self_fd == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(\"/proc/self/fd\", O_PATH): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    lo->proc_self_task = open("/proc/self/task", O_PATH);
-    if (lo->proc_self_fd == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(\"/proc/self/task\", O_PATH): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    lo->use_fscreate = is_fscreate_usable(lo);
-
-    /*
-     * Make the shared directory the file system root so that FUSE_OPEN
-     * (lo_open()) cannot escape the shared directory by opening a symlink.
-     *
-     * The chroot(2) syscall is later disabled by seccomp and the
-     * CAP_SYS_CHROOT capability is dropped so that tampering with the chroot
-     * is not possible.
-     *
-     * However, it's still possible to escape the chroot via lo->proc_self_fd
-     * but that requires first gaining control of the process.
-     */
-    if (chroot(lo->source) != 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "chroot(\"%s\"): %m\n", lo->source);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    /* Move into the chroot */
-    if (chdir("/") != 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "chdir(\"/\"): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Lock down this process to prevent access to other processes or files outside
- * source directory.  This reduces the impact of arbitrary code execution bugs.
- */
-static void setup_sandbox(struct lo_data *lo, struct fuse_session *se,
-                          bool enable_syslog)
-{
-    if (lo->sandbox == SANDBOX_NAMESPACE) {
-        setup_namespaces(lo, se);
-        setup_mounts(lo->source);
-    } else {
-        setup_chroot(lo);
-    }
-
-    setup_seccomp(enable_syslog);
-    setup_capabilities(g_strdup(lo->modcaps));
-}
-
-/* Set the maximum number of open file descriptors */
-static void setup_nofile_rlimit(unsigned long rlimit_nofile)
-{
-    struct rlimit rlim = {
-        .rlim_cur = rlimit_nofile,
-        .rlim_max = rlimit_nofile,
-    };
-
-    if (rlimit_nofile == 0) {
-        return; /* nothing to do */
-    }
-
-    if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim) < 0) {
-        /* Ignore SELinux denials */
-        if (errno == EPERM) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): %m\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-}
-
-G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 0)
-static void log_func(enum fuse_log_level level, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
-{
-    g_autofree char *localfmt = NULL;
-    char buf[64];
-
-    if (current_log_level < level) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (current_log_level == FUSE_LOG_DEBUG) {
-        if (use_syslog) {
-            /* no timestamp needed */
-            localfmt = g_strdup_printf("[ID: %08ld] %s", syscall(__NR_gettid),
-                                       fmt);
-        } else {
-            g_autoptr(GDateTime) now = g_date_time_new_now_utc();
-            g_autofree char *nowstr = g_date_time_format(now,
-                                       "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%%06d%z");
-            snprintf(buf, 64, nowstr, g_date_time_get_microsecond(now));
-            localfmt = g_strdup_printf("[%s] [ID: %08ld] %s",
-                                       buf, syscall(__NR_gettid), fmt);
-        }
-        fmt = localfmt;
-    }
-
-    if (use_syslog) {
-        int priority = LOG_ERR;
-        switch (level) {
-        case FUSE_LOG_EMERG:
-            priority = LOG_EMERG;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_ALERT:
-            priority = LOG_ALERT;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_CRIT:
-            priority = LOG_CRIT;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_ERR:
-            priority = LOG_ERR;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_WARNING:
-            priority = LOG_WARNING;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_NOTICE:
-            priority = LOG_NOTICE;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_INFO:
-            priority = LOG_INFO;
-            break;
-        case FUSE_LOG_DEBUG:
-            priority = LOG_DEBUG;
-            break;
-        }
-        vsyslog(priority, fmt, ap);
-    } else {
-        vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
-    }
-}
-
-static void setup_root(struct lo_data *lo, struct lo_inode *root)
-{
-    int fd, res;
-    struct stat stat;
-    uint64_t mnt_id;
-
-    fd = open("/", O_PATH);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "open(%s, O_PATH): %m\n", lo->source);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    res = do_statx(lo, fd, "", &stat, AT_EMPTY_PATH | AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW,
-                   &mnt_id);
-    if (res == -1) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "fstatat(%s): %m\n", lo->source);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    root->filetype = S_IFDIR;
-    root->fd = fd;
-    root->key.ino = stat.st_ino;
-    root->key.dev = stat.st_dev;
-    root->key.mnt_id = mnt_id;
-    root->nlookup = 2;
-    g_atomic_int_set(&root->refcount, 2);
-    if (lo->posix_lock) {
-        pthread_mutex_init(&root->plock_mutex, NULL);
-        root->posix_locks = g_hash_table_new_full(
-            g_direct_hash, g_direct_equal, NULL, posix_locks_value_destroy);
-    }
-}
-
-static guint lo_key_hash(gconstpointer key)
-{
-    const struct lo_key *lkey = key;
-
-    return (guint)lkey->ino + (guint)lkey->dev + (guint)lkey->mnt_id;
-}
-
-static gboolean lo_key_equal(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
-{
-    const struct lo_key *la = a;
-    const struct lo_key *lb = b;
-
-    return la->ino == lb->ino && la->dev == lb->dev && la->mnt_id == lb->mnt_id;
-}
-
-static void fuse_lo_data_cleanup(struct lo_data *lo)
-{
-    if (lo->inodes) {
-        g_hash_table_destroy(lo->inodes);
-    }
-
-    if (lo->root.posix_locks) {
-        g_hash_table_destroy(lo->root.posix_locks);
-    }
-    lo_map_destroy(&lo->fd_map);
-    lo_map_destroy(&lo->dirp_map);
-    lo_map_destroy(&lo->ino_map);
-
-    if (lo->proc_self_fd >= 0) {
-        close(lo->proc_self_fd);
-    }
-
-    if (lo->proc_self_task >= 0) {
-        close(lo->proc_self_task);
-    }
-
-    if (lo->root.fd >= 0) {
-        close(lo->root.fd);
-    }
-
-    free(lo->xattrmap);
-    free_xattrmap(lo);
-    free(lo->xattr_security_capability);
-    free(lo->source);
-}
-
-static void qemu_version(void)
-{
-    printf("virtiofsd version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n" QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n");
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    struct fuse_args args = FUSE_ARGS_INIT(argc, argv);
-    struct fuse_session *se;
-    struct fuse_cmdline_opts opts;
-    struct lo_data lo = {
-        .sandbox = SANDBOX_NAMESPACE,
-        .debug = 0,
-        .writeback = 0,
-        .posix_lock = 0,
-        .allow_direct_io = 0,
-        .proc_self_fd = -1,
-        .proc_self_task = -1,
-        .user_killpriv_v2 = -1,
-        .user_posix_acl = -1,
-        .user_security_label = -1,
-    };
-    struct lo_map_elem *root_elem;
-    struct lo_map_elem *reserve_elem;
-    int ret = -1;
-
-    /* Initialize time conversion information for localtime_r(). */
-    tzset();
-
-    /* Don't mask creation mode, kernel already did that */
-    umask(0);
-
-    qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
-
-    drop_supplementary_groups();
-
-    pthread_mutex_init(&lo.mutex, NULL);
-    lo.inodes = g_hash_table_new(lo_key_hash, lo_key_equal);
-    lo.root.fd = -1;
-    lo.root.fuse_ino = FUSE_ROOT_ID;
-    lo.cache = CACHE_AUTO;
-
-    /*
-     * Set up the ino map like this:
-     * [0] Reserved (will not be used)
-     * [1] Root inode
-     */
-    lo_map_init(&lo.ino_map);
-    reserve_elem = lo_map_reserve(&lo.ino_map, 0);
-    if (!reserve_elem) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "failed to alloc reserve_elem.\n");
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-    reserve_elem->in_use = false;
-    root_elem = lo_map_reserve(&lo.ino_map, lo.root.fuse_ino);
-    if (!root_elem) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "failed to alloc root_elem.\n");
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-    root_elem->inode = &lo.root;
-
-    lo_map_init(&lo.dirp_map);
-    lo_map_init(&lo.fd_map);
-
-    if (fuse_parse_cmdline(&args, &opts) != 0) {
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-    fuse_set_log_func(log_func);
-    use_syslog = opts.syslog;
-    if (use_syslog) {
-        openlog("virtiofsd", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);
-    }
-
-    if (opts.show_help) {
-        printf("usage: %s [options]\n\n", argv[0]);
-        fuse_cmdline_help();
-        printf("    -o source=PATH             shared directory tree\n");
-        fuse_lowlevel_help();
-        ret = 0;
-        goto err_out1;
-    } else if (opts.show_version) {
-        qemu_version();
-        fuse_lowlevel_version();
-        ret = 0;
-        goto err_out1;
-    } else if (opts.print_capabilities) {
-        print_capabilities();
-        ret = 0;
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-
-    if (fuse_opt_parse(&args, &lo, lo_opts, NULL) == -1) {
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-
-    if (opts.log_level != 0) {
-        current_log_level = opts.log_level;
-    } else {
-        /* default log level is INFO */
-        current_log_level = FUSE_LOG_INFO;
-    }
-    lo.debug = opts.debug;
-    if (lo.debug) {
-        current_log_level = FUSE_LOG_DEBUG;
-    }
-    if (lo.source) {
-        struct stat stat;
-        int res;
-
-        res = lstat(lo.source, &stat);
-        if (res == -1) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "failed to stat source (\"%s\"): %m\n",
-                     lo.source);
-            exit(1);
-        }
-        if (!S_ISDIR(stat.st_mode)) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "source is not a directory\n");
-            exit(1);
-        }
-    } else {
-        lo.source = strdup("/");
-        if (!lo.source) {
-            fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "failed to strdup source\n");
-            goto err_out1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (lo.xattrmap) {
-        lo.xattr = 1;
-        parse_xattrmap(&lo);
-    }
-
-    if (!lo.timeout_set) {
-        switch (lo.cache) {
-        case CACHE_NONE:
-            lo.timeout = 0.0;
-            break;
-
-        case CACHE_AUTO:
-            lo.timeout = 1.0;
-            break;
-
-        case CACHE_ALWAYS:
-            lo.timeout = 86400.0;
-            break;
-        }
-    } else if (lo.timeout < 0) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "timeout is negative (%lf)\n", lo.timeout);
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    if (lo.user_posix_acl == 1 && !lo.xattr) {
-        fuse_log(FUSE_LOG_ERR, "Can't enable posix ACLs. xattrs are disabled."
-                 "\n");
-        exit(1);
-    }
-
-    lo.use_statx = true;
-
-    se = fuse_session_new(&args, &lo_oper, sizeof(lo_oper), &lo);
-    if (se == NULL) {
-        goto err_out1;
-    }
-
-    if (fuse_set_signal_handlers(se) != 0) {
-        goto err_out2;
-    }
-
-    if (fuse_session_mount(se) != 0) {
-        goto err_out3;
-    }
-
-    fuse_daemonize(opts.foreground);
-
-    setup_nofile_rlimit(opts.rlimit_nofile);
-
-    /* Must be before sandbox since it wants /proc */
-    setup_capng();
-
-    setup_sandbox(&lo, se, opts.syslog);
-
-    setup_root(&lo, &lo.root);
-    /* Block until ctrl+c or fusermount -u */
-    ret = virtio_loop(se);
-
-    fuse_session_unmount(se);
-    cleanup_capng();
-err_out3:
-    fuse_remove_signal_handlers(se);
-err_out2:
-    fuse_session_destroy(se);
-err_out1:
-    fuse_opt_free_args(&args);
-
-    fuse_lo_data_cleanup(&lo);
-
-    return ret ? 1 : 0;
-}