Okay, I need to figure out whether this bug is user-mode or system-mode related. Let me go through the problem step by step. The user is running Colima on macOS using Docker, but after upgrading QEMU to 8.1.0, their x86_64 VM fails to start. Downgrading to 8.0.4 works fine. The logs show issues with RCU (Run-time Circular Buffer), specifically mentioning rcu_preempt kthread starvation and NMI handling. Looking at the logs, I see messages about RCUs not waking up on time, which suggests a problem with the scheduling or interrupts in the kernel. This kind of issue is more related to the operating system's internals rather than user applications. Since QEMU is involved and it's interacting with virtualized hardware components like CPU and memory, this points towards system-mode operations. The fact that RCU issues are occurring also indicates a problem at a lower level, probably in how the hypervisor or kernel handles these resources when running under QEMU 8.1.0. So, considering all this, it's likely a system-mode issue because it involves kernel-level processes and virtualized hardware components. system