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<think>
Okay, so I have this problem where QEMU isn't booting a snapshot image because it's saying the volume isn't in LUKS format. Let me try to figure out what's going on here.
First, let me go through the commands used:
1. The first command creates a base image `test.luks` using LUKS encryption. It uses `qemu-img create` with the `-f luks` option and sets up a secret for the key.
2. The second command creates a snapshot image `test_snapshot.qcow2`. This uses Qcow2 format but specifies that it's encrypted with LUKS, referencing the same secret. It also points to the base image as `E:\test.luks` and uses `-F luks` to specify the backing file format.
3. The third command tries to boot using `qemu-system-x86_64`, specifying the snapshot file as LUKS format with the key secret.
But when trying to boot, QEMU throws an error saying "Volume is not in LUKS format". However, when I check the info of `test_snapshot.qcow2` with `qemu-img info`, it shows that it's encrypted and has a backing file format of LUKS. So why does QEMU think it's not LUKS?
Hmm, maybe there's confusion about how QEMU handles the snapshot files. The snapshot is in qcow2 format but uses LUKS encryption. When booting, I'm specifying the format as luks directly on the drive. But perhaps QEMU expects the top-level image to be a raw or another type and doesn't handle when the outer format is qcow2 with LUKS payload correctly.
Alternatively, maybe the way the backing file is set up is causing issues. Since the snapshot's backing file is `test.luks`, which is a LUKS-encrypted raw image, QEMU might not be properly handling the combination of a qcow2 snapshot that points to a LUKS-backed raw image when trying to boot.
I think this problem has to do with how QEMU handles encrypted images and snapshots. The issue arises in user space because it's related to how the images are opened and read by the QEMU process, not necessarily involving system-level privileges or device drivers. So I would classify this as a 'user' mode bug.
</think>
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