1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
|
qemu-user deadlocks when forked in a multithreaded process
The following program (also attached) deadlocks when run under QEMU user on Linux.
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define NUM_THREADS 100
#define NUM_FORKS 10
pthread_barrier_t barrier;
void *t(void *arg) {
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_FORKS; i++) {
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid < 0)
abort();
if (!pid)
_exit(0);
if (waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) < 0)
abort();
}
//pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier);
return NULL;
}
int main(void) {
pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, NUM_THREADS);
pthread_t ts[NUM_THREADS];
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++) {
if (pthread_create(&ts[i], NULL, t, NULL))
abort();
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++) {
pthread_join(ts[i], NULL);
}
printf("Done: %d\n", getpid());
return 0;
}
To reproduce:
$ gcc test.c -pthread
$ while qemu-x86_64 ./a.out; do :; done
(Be careful, Ctrl-C/SIGINT doesn't kill the deadlocked child).
Larger values of NUM_THREADS/NUM_FORKS lead to more often deadlocks. With the values above it often deadlocks on the first try on my machine. When it deadlocks, there is a child qemu process with two threads which is waited upon by one of the worker threads of the parent.
I tried to avoid the deadlock by serializing fork() with a mutex, but it didn't help. However, ensuring that no thread exits until all forks are done (by adding a barrier to t()) does seem to help, at least, the program above could run for a half an hour until I terminated it.
Tested on QEMU 5.0.0, 4.2.0 and 2.11.1, with x86_64 and AArch64 linux-user targets.
|