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|
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import logging
import warnings
from collections import namedtuple
from miasm2.expression.expression import ExprId, ExprInt, ExprLoc, \
get_expr_labels
from miasm2.core.asmblock import AsmSymbolPool
from miasm2.expression.expression import LocKey
from miasm2.expression.simplifications import expr_simp
from miasm2.expression.modint import moduint, modint
from miasm2.core.utils import Disasm_Exception, pck
from miasm2.core.graph import DiGraph, DiGraphSimplifier, MatchGraphJoker
from miasm2.core.interval import interval
log_asmblock = logging.getLogger("asmblock")
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
console_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter("%(levelname)-5s: %(message)s"))
log_asmblock.addHandler(console_handler)
log_asmblock.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
def is_int(a):
return isinstance(a, int) or isinstance(a, long) or \
isinstance(a, moduint) or isinstance(a, modint)
class AsmLabel(object):
"Stand for an assembly label"
def __init__(self, loc_key, name="", offset=None):
assert isinstance(loc_key, LocKey)
self.loc_key = loc_key
self.fixedblocs = False
if is_int(name):
name = "loc_%.16X" % (int(name) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
self.name = name
self.attrib = None
if offset is None:
self.offset = None
else:
self.offset = int(offset)
def __str__(self):
if isinstance(self.offset, (int, long)):
return "%s:0x%08x" % (self.name, self.offset)
else:
return "%s:%s" % (self.name, str(self.offset))
def __repr__(self):
rep = '<%s ' % self.__class__.__name__
if self.name:
rep += repr(self.name) + ' '
rep += '>'
return rep
class asm_label(AsmLabel):
def __init__(self, name="", offset=None):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmLabel" instead of "asm_label"')
super(asm_label, self).__init__(name, offset)
class AsmRaw(object):
def __init__(self, raw=""):
self.raw = raw
def __str__(self):
return repr(self.raw)
def to_string(self, symbol_pool):
return str(self)
class asm_raw(AsmRaw):
def __init__(self, raw=""):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmRaw" instead of "asm_raw"')
super(asm_label, self).__init__(raw)
class AsmConstraint(object):
c_to = "c_to"
c_next = "c_next"
def __init__(self, label, c_t=c_to):
# Sanity check
assert isinstance(label, AsmLabel)
self.label = label
self.c_t = c_t
def __str__(self):
return "%s:%s" % (str(self.c_t), str(self.label))
class asm_constraint(AsmConstraint):
def __init__(self, label, c_t=AsmConstraint.c_to):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmConstraint" instead of "asm_constraint"')
super(asm_constraint, self).__init__(label, c_t)
class AsmConstraintNext(AsmConstraint):
def __init__(self, label):
super(AsmConstraintNext, self).__init__(
label, c_t=AsmConstraint.c_next)
class asm_constraint_next(AsmConstraint):
def __init__(self, label):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmConstraintNext" instead of "asm_constraint_next"')
super(asm_constraint_next, self).__init__(label)
class AsmConstraintTo(AsmConstraint):
def __init__(self, label):
super(AsmConstraintTo, self).__init__(
label, c_t=AsmConstraint.c_to)
class asm_constraint_to(AsmConstraint):
def __init__(self, label):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmConstraintTo" instead of "asm_constraint_to"')
super(asm_constraint_to, self).__init__(label)
class AsmBlock(object):
def __init__(self, label, alignment=1):
assert isinstance(label, AsmLabel)
self.bto = set()
self.lines = []
self.label = label
self.alignment = alignment
def __str__(self):
out = []
out.append(str(self.label))
for l in self.lines:
out.append(str(l))
if self.bto:
lbls = ["->"]
for l in self.bto:
if l is None:
lbls.append("Unknown? ")
else:
lbls.append(str(l) + " ")
lbls = '\t'.join(lbls)
out.append(lbls)
return '\n'.join(out)
def addline(self, l):
self.lines.append(l)
def addto(self, c):
assert isinstance(self.bto, set)
self.bto.add(c)
def split(self, offset, l):
log_asmblock.debug('split at %x', offset)
i = -1
offsets = [x.offset for x in self.lines]
if not l.offset in offsets:
log_asmblock.warning(
'cannot split bloc at %X ' % offset +
'middle instruction? default middle')
offsets.sort()
return None
new_bloc = AsmBlock(l)
i = offsets.index(offset)
self.lines, new_bloc.lines = self.lines[:i], self.lines[i:]
flow_mod_instr = self.get_flow_instr()
log_asmblock.debug('flow mod %r', flow_mod_instr)
c = AsmConstraint(l, AsmConstraint.c_next)
# move dst if flowgraph modifier was in original bloc
# (usecase: split delayslot bloc)
if flow_mod_instr:
for xx in self.bto:
log_asmblock.debug('lbl %s', xx)
c_next = set(
[x for x in self.bto if x.c_t == AsmConstraint.c_next])
c_to = [x for x in self.bto if x.c_t != AsmConstraint.c_next]
self.bto = set([c] + c_to)
new_bloc.bto = c_next
else:
new_bloc.bto = self.bto
self.bto = set([c])
return new_bloc
def get_range(self):
"""Returns the offset hull of an AsmBlock"""
if len(self.lines):
return (self.lines[0].offset,
self.lines[-1].offset + self.lines[-1].l)
else:
return 0, 0
def get_offsets(self):
return [x.offset for x in self.lines]
def add_cst(self, offset, c_t, symbol_pool):
if isinstance(offset, (int, long)):
l = symbol_pool.getby_offset_create(offset)
elif isinstance(offset, str):
l = symbol_pool.getby_name_create(offset)
elif isinstance(offset, AsmLabel):
l = offset
else:
raise ValueError('unknown offset type %r' % offset)
c = AsmConstraint(l, c_t)
self.bto.add(c)
def get_flow_instr(self):
if not self.lines:
return None
for i in xrange(-1, -1 - self.lines[0].delayslot - 1, -1):
if not 0 <= i < len(self.lines):
return None
l = self.lines[i]
if l.splitflow() or l.breakflow():
raise NotImplementedError('not fully functional')
def get_subcall_instr(self):
if not self.lines:
return None
delayslot = self.lines[0].delayslot
end_index = len(self.lines) - 1
ds_max_index = max(end_index - delayslot, 0)
for i in xrange(end_index, ds_max_index - 1, -1):
l = self.lines[i]
if l.is_subcall():
return l
return None
def get_next(self):
for x in self.bto:
if x.c_t == AsmConstraint.c_next:
return x.label
return None
@staticmethod
def _filter_constraint(constraints):
"""Sort and filter @constraints for AsmBlock.bto
@constraints: non-empty set of AsmConstraint instance
Always the same type -> one of the constraint
c_next and c_to -> c_next
"""
# Only one constraint
if len(constraints) == 1:
return next(iter(constraints))
# Constraint type -> set of corresponding constraint
cbytype = {}
for cons in constraints:
cbytype.setdefault(cons.c_t, set()).add(cons)
# Only one type -> any constraint is OK
if len(cbytype) == 1:
return next(iter(constraints))
# At least 2 types -> types = {c_next, c_to}
# c_to is included in c_next
return next(iter(cbytype[AsmConstraint.c_next]))
def fix_constraints(self):
"""Fix next block constraints"""
# destination -> associated constraints
dests = {}
for constraint in self.bto:
dests.setdefault(constraint.label, set()).add(constraint)
self.bto = set(self._filter_constraint(constraints)
for constraints in dests.itervalues())
class asm_bloc(object):
def __init__(self, label, alignment=1):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmBlock" instead of "asm_bloc"')
super(asm_bloc, self).__init__(label, alignment)
class AsmBlockBad(AsmBlock):
"""Stand for a *bad* ASM block (malformed, unreachable,
not disassembled, ...)"""
ERROR_UNKNOWN = -1
ERROR_CANNOT_DISASM = 0
ERROR_NULL_STARTING_BLOCK = 1
ERROR_FORBIDDEN = 2
ERROR_IO = 3
ERROR_TYPES = {
ERROR_UNKNOWN: "Unknown error",
ERROR_CANNOT_DISASM: "Unable to disassemble",
ERROR_NULL_STARTING_BLOCK: "Null starting block",
ERROR_FORBIDDEN: "Address forbidden by dont_dis",
ERROR_IO: "IOError",
}
def __init__(self, label=None, alignment=1, errno=ERROR_UNKNOWN, *args, **kwargs):
"""Instanciate an AsmBlock_bad.
@label, @alignement: same as AsmBlock.__init__
@errno: (optional) specify a error type associated with the block
"""
super(AsmBlockBad, self).__init__(label, alignment, *args, **kwargs)
self._errno = errno
errno = property(lambda self: self._errno)
def __str__(self):
error_txt = self.ERROR_TYPES.get(self._errno, self._errno)
return "\n".join([str(self.label),
"\tBad block: %s" % error_txt])
def addline(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise RuntimeError("An AsmBlockBad cannot have line")
def addto(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise RuntimeError("An AsmBlockBad cannot have bto")
def split(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise RuntimeError("An AsmBlockBad cannot be splitted")
class asm_block_bad(AsmBlockBad):
def __init__(self, label=None, alignment=1, errno=-1, *args, **kwargs):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmBlockBad" instead of "asm_block_bad"')
super(asm_block_bad, self).__init__(label, alignment, *args, **kwargs)
class AsmSymbolPool(object):
"""
Store symbols.
A symbol links a name to an (optional) offset
Rules and limitations:
- two different symbols cannot have the same offset
- two different symbols cannot have the same name
- symbols manipulation (comparison, creation ...) can only be done on
symbols generated by the same symbol pool
"""
def __init__(self):
self._labels = set()
self._name2label = {}
self._offset2label = {}
self._label_num = 0
self._loc_key_to_label = {}
def loc_key_to_label(self, label_index):
assert isinstance(label_index, LocKey)
return self._loc_key_to_label.get(label_index.key, None)
def add_label(self, name, offset=None):
"""
Create and add a label to the symbol_pool
@name: label's name
@offset: (optional) label's offset
"""
label = AsmLabel(LocKey(self._label_num), name, offset)
# Test for collisions
if (label.offset in self._offset2label and
label != self._offset2label[label.offset]):
raise ValueError('symbol %s has same offset as %s' %
(label, self._offset2label[label.offset]))
if (label.name in self._name2label and
label != self._name2label[label.name]):
raise ValueError('symbol %s has same name as %s' %
(label, self._name2label[label.name]))
self._labels.add(label)
self._label_num += 1
self._loc_key_to_label[label.loc_key.key] = label
if label.offset is not None:
self._offset2label[label.offset] = label
if label.name != "":
self._name2label[label.name] = label
return label
def remove_label(self, label):
"""
Delete a @label
"""
self._name2label.pop(label.name, None)
self._offset2label.pop(label.offset, None)
if label in self._labels:
self._labels.remove(label)
def del_label_offset(self, label):
"""Unpin the @label from its offset"""
self._offset2label.pop(label.offset, None)
label.offset = None
def getby_offset(self, offset):
"""Retrieve label using its @offset"""
return self._offset2label.get(offset, None)
def getby_name(self, name):
"""Retrieve label using its @name"""
return self._name2label.get(name, None)
def getby_name_create(self, name):
"""Get a label from its @name, create it if it doesn't exist"""
label = self.getby_name(name)
if label is None:
label = self.add_label(name)
return label
def getby_offset_create(self, offset):
"""Get a label from its @offset, create it if it doesn't exist"""
label = self.getby_offset(offset)
if label is None:
label = self.add_label(offset, offset)
return label
def rename_label(self, label, newname):
"""Rename the @label name to @newname"""
if newname in self._name2label:
raise ValueError('Symbol already known')
self._name2label.pop(label.name, None)
label.name = newname
self._name2label[label.name] = label
def set_offset(self, label, offset):
"""Pin the @label from at @offset
Note that there is a special case when the offset is a list
it happens when offsets are recomputed in resolve_symbol*
"""
if label is None:
raise ValueError('label should not be None')
if not label.name in self._name2label:
raise ValueError('label %s not in symbol pool' % label)
if offset is not None and offset in self._offset2label:
raise ValueError('Conflict in label %s' % label)
self._offset2label.pop(label.offset, None)
label.offset = offset
if is_int(label.offset):
self._offset2label[label.offset] = label
@property
def labels(self):
"""Return all labels"""
return self._labels
@property
def items(self):
"""Return all labels"""
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "labels" instead of "items"')
return list(self._labels)
def __str__(self):
return reduce(lambda x, y: x + str(y) + '\n', self._labels, "")
def __getitem__(self, item):
if item in self._name2label:
return self._name2label[item]
if item in self._offset2label:
return self._offset2label[item]
raise KeyError('unknown symbol %r' % item)
def __contains__(self, item):
return item in self._name2label or item in self._offset2label
def merge(self, symbol_pool):
"""Merge with another @symbol_pool"""
self._labels.update(symbol_pool.labels)
self._name2label.update(symbol_pool._name2label)
self._offset2label.update(symbol_pool._offset2label)
def canonize_to_exprloc(self, expr):
"""
If expr is ExprInt, return ExprLoc with corresponding loc_key
Else, return expr
@expr: Expr instance
"""
if expr.is_int():
label = self.getby_offset_create(int(expr))
ret = ExprLoc(label.loc_key, expr.size)
return ret
return expr
def gen_label(self):
"""Generate a new unpinned label"""
label = self.add_label("lbl_gen_%.8X" % (self._label_num))
self._label_num += 1
return label
class asm_symbol_pool(AsmSymbolPool):
def __init__(self):
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "AsmSymbolPool" instead of "asm_symbol_pool"')
super(asm_symbol_pool, self).__init__()
class AsmCFG(DiGraph):
"""Directed graph standing for a ASM Control Flow Graph with:
- nodes: AsmBlock
- edges: constraints between blocks, synchronized with AsmBlock's "bto"
Specialized the .dot export and force the relation between block to be uniq,
and associated with a constraint.
Offer helpers on AsmCFG management, such as research by label, sanity
checking and mnemonic size guessing.
"""
# Internal structure for pending management
AsmCFGPending = namedtuple("AsmCFGPending",
["waiter", "constraint"])
def __init__(self, symbol_pool=None, *args, **kwargs):
if symbol_pool is None:
raise DeprecationWarning("AsmCFG needs a non empty symbol_pool")
super(AsmCFG, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
# Edges -> constraint
self.edges2constraint = {}
# Expected AsmLabel -> set( (src, dst), constraint )
self._pendings = {}
# Label2block built on the fly
self._label2block = {}
# symbol_pool
self.symbol_pool = symbol_pool
def copy(self):
"""Copy the current graph instance"""
graph = self.__class__(self.symbol_pool)
return graph + self
# Compatibility with old list API
def append(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise DeprecationWarning("AsmCFG is a graph, use add_node")
def remove(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise DeprecationWarning("AsmCFG is a graph, use del_node")
def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise DeprecationWarning("Order of AsmCFG elements is not reliable")
def __iter__(self):
"""Iterator on AsmBlock composing the current graph"""
return iter(self._nodes)
def __len__(self):
"""Return the number of blocks in AsmCFG"""
return len(self._nodes)
# Manage graph with associated constraints
def add_edge(self, src, dst, constraint):
"""Add an edge to the graph
@src: AsmBlock instance, source
@dst: AsmBlock instance, destination
@constraint: constraint associated to this edge
"""
# Sanity check
assert (src, dst) not in self.edges2constraint
# Add the edge to src.bto if needed
if dst.label not in [cons.label for cons in src.bto]:
src.bto.add(AsmConstraint(dst.label, constraint))
# Add edge
self.edges2constraint[(src, dst)] = constraint
super(AsmCFG, self).add_edge(src, dst)
def add_uniq_edge(self, src, dst, constraint):
"""Add an edge from @src to @dst if it doesn't already exist"""
if (src not in self._nodes_succ or
dst not in self._nodes_succ[src]):
self.add_edge(src, dst, constraint)
def del_edge(self, src, dst):
"""Delete the edge @src->@dst and its associated constraint"""
# Delete from src.bto
to_remove = [cons for cons in src.bto if cons.label == dst.label]
if to_remove:
assert len(to_remove) == 1
src.bto.remove(to_remove[0])
# Del edge
del self.edges2constraint[(src, dst)]
super(AsmCFG, self).del_edge(src, dst)
def add_node(self, block):
"""Add the block @block to the current instance, if it is not already in
@block: AsmBlock instance
Edges will be created for @block.bto, if destinations are already in
this instance. If not, they will be resolved when adding these
aforementionned destinations.
`self.pendings` indicates which blocks are not yet resolved.
"""
status = super(AsmCFG, self).add_node(block)
if not status:
return status
# Update waiters
if block.label in self._pendings:
for bblpend in self._pendings[block.label]:
self.add_edge(bblpend.waiter, block, bblpend.constraint)
del self._pendings[block.label]
# Synchronize edges with block destinations
self._label2block[block.label] = block
for constraint in block.bto:
dst = self._label2block.get(constraint.label,
None)
if dst is None:
# Block is yet unknown, add it to pendings
to_add = self.AsmCFGPending(waiter=block,
constraint=constraint.c_t)
self._pendings.setdefault(constraint.label,
set()).add(to_add)
else:
# Block is already in known nodes
self.add_edge(block, dst, constraint.c_t)
return status
def del_node(self, block):
super(AsmCFG, self).del_node(block)
del self._label2block[block.label]
def merge(self, graph):
"""Merge with @graph, taking in account constraints"""
# -> add_edge(x, y, constraint)
for node in graph._nodes:
self.add_node(node)
for edge in graph._edges:
# Use "_uniq_" beacause the edge can already exist due to add_node
self.add_uniq_edge(*edge, constraint=graph.edges2constraint[edge])
def node2lines(self, node):
yield self.DotCellDescription(text=str(node.label.name),
attr={'align': 'center',
'colspan': 2,
'bgcolor': 'grey'})
if isinstance(node, AsmBlockBad):
yield [self.DotCellDescription(
text=node.ERROR_TYPES.get(node._errno,
node._errno),
attr={})]
raise StopIteration
for line in node.lines:
if self._dot_offset:
yield [self.DotCellDescription(text="%.8X" % line.offset,
attr={}),
self.DotCellDescription(text=line.to_string(self.symbol_pool), attr={})]
else:
yield self.DotCellDescription(text=line.to_string(self.symbol_pool), attr={})
def node_attr(self, node):
if isinstance(node, AsmBlockBad):
return {'style': 'filled', 'fillcolor': 'red'}
return {}
def edge_attr(self, src, dst):
cst = self.edges2constraint.get((src, dst), None)
edge_color = "blue"
if len(self.successors(src)) > 1:
if cst == AsmConstraint.c_next:
edge_color = "red"
else:
edge_color = "limegreen"
return {"color": edge_color}
def dot(self, offset=False):
"""
@offset: (optional) if set, add the corresponding offsets in each node
"""
self._dot_offset = offset
return super(AsmCFG, self).dot()
# Helpers
@property
def pendings(self):
"""Dictionary of label -> set(AsmCFGPending instance) indicating
which label are missing in the current instance.
A label is missing if a block which is already in nodes has constraints
with him (thanks to its .bto) and the corresponding block is not yet in
nodes
"""
return self._pendings
def _build_label2block(self):
self._label2block = {block.label: block
for block in self._nodes}
def label2block(self, label):
"""Return the block corresponding to label @label
@label: AsmLabel instance or ExprId(AsmLabel) instance"""
return self._label2block[label]
def rebuild_edges(self):
"""Consider blocks '.bto' and rebuild edges according to them, ie:
- update constraint type
- add missing edge
- remove no more used edge
This method should be called if a block's '.bto' in nodes have been
modified without notifying this instance to resynchronize edges.
"""
self._build_label2block()
for block in self._nodes:
edges = []
# Rebuild edges from bto
for constraint in block.bto:
dst = self._label2block.get(constraint.label,
None)
if dst is None:
# Missing destination, add to pendings
self._pendings.setdefault(constraint.label,
set()).add(self.AsmCFGPending(block,
constraint.c_t))
continue
edge = (block, dst)
edges.append(edge)
if edge in self._edges:
# Already known edge, constraint may have changed
self.edges2constraint[edge] = constraint.c_t
else:
# An edge is missing
self.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1], constraint.c_t)
# Remove useless edges
for succ in self.successors(block):
edge = (block, succ)
if edge not in edges:
self.del_edge(*edge)
def get_bad_blocks(self):
"""Iterator on AsmBlockBad elements"""
# A bad asm block is always a leaf
for block in self.leaves():
if isinstance(block, AsmBlockBad):
yield block
def get_bad_blocks_predecessors(self, strict=False):
"""Iterator on block with an AsmBlockBad destination
@strict: (optional) if set, return block with only bad
successors
"""
# Avoid returning the same block
done = set()
for badblock in self.get_bad_blocks():
for predecessor in self.predecessors_iter(badblock):
if predecessor not in done:
if (strict and
not all(isinstance(block, AsmBlockBad)
for block in self.successors_iter(predecessor))):
continue
yield predecessor
done.add(predecessor)
def getby_offset(self, offset):
"""Return block containing @offset"""
for block in self:
if block.lines[0].offset <= offset < \
(block.lines[-1].offset + block.lines[-1].l):
return block
return None
def sanity_check(self):
"""Do sanity checks on blocks' constraints:
* no pendings
* no multiple next constraint to same block
* no next constraint to self
"""
if len(self._pendings) != 0:
raise RuntimeError("Some blocks are missing: %s" % map(str,
self._pendings.keys()))
next_edges = {edge: constraint
for edge, constraint in self.edges2constraint.iteritems()
if constraint == AsmConstraint.c_next}
for block in self._nodes:
# No next constraint to self
if (block, block) in next_edges:
raise RuntimeError('Bad constraint: self in next')
# No multiple next constraint to same block
pred_next = list(pblock
for (pblock, dblock) in next_edges
if dblock == block)
if len(pred_next) > 1:
raise RuntimeError("Too many next constraints for bloc %r"
"(%s)" % (block.label,
[x.label for x in pred_next]))
def guess_blocks_size(self, mnemo):
"""Asm and compute max block size
Add a 'size' and 'max_size' attribute on each block
@mnemo: metamn instance"""
for block in self._nodes:
size = 0
for instr in block.lines:
if isinstance(instr, AsmRaw):
# for special AsmRaw, only extract len
if isinstance(instr.raw, list):
data = None
if len(instr.raw) == 0:
l = 0
else:
l = instr.raw[0].size / 8 * len(instr.raw)
elif isinstance(instr.raw, str):
data = instr.raw
l = len(data)
else:
raise NotImplementedError('asm raw')
else:
# Assemble the instruction to retrieve its len.
# If the instruction uses symbol it will fail
# In this case, the max_instruction_len is used
try:
candidates = mnemo.asm(instr)
l = len(candidates[-1])
except:
l = mnemo.max_instruction_len
data = None
instr.data = data
instr.l = l
size += l
block.size = size
block.max_size = size
log_asmblock.info("size: %d max: %d", block.size, block.max_size)
def apply_splitting(self, symbol_pool, dis_block_callback=None, **kwargs):
"""Consider @self' bto destinations and split block in @self if one of
these destinations jumps in the middle of this block.
In order to work, they must be only one block in @self per label in
@symbol_pool (which is true if @self come from the same disasmEngine).
@symbol_pool: AsmSymbolPool instance associated with @self'labels
@dis_block_callback: (optional) if set, this callback will be called on
new block destinations
@kwargs: (optional) named arguments to pass to dis_block_callback
"""
# Get all possible destinations not yet resolved, with a resolved
# offset
block_dst = [label.offset
for label in self.pendings
if label.offset is not None]
todo = self.nodes().copy()
rebuild_needed = False
while todo:
# Find a block with a destination inside another one
cur_block = todo.pop()
range_start, range_stop = cur_block.get_range()
for off in block_dst:
if not (off > range_start and off < range_stop):
continue
# `cur_block` must be splitted at offset `off`
label = symbol_pool.getby_offset_create(off)
new_b = cur_block.split(off, label)
log_asmblock.debug("Split block %x", off)
if new_b is None:
log_asmblock.error("Cannot split %x!!", off)
continue
# Remove pending from cur_block
# Links from new_b will be generated in rebuild_edges
for dst in new_b.bto:
if dst.label not in self.pendings:
continue
self.pendings[dst.label] = set(pending for pending in self.pendings[dst.label]
if pending.waiter != cur_block)
# The new block destinations may need to be disassembled
if dis_block_callback:
offsets_to_dis = set(constraint.label.offset
for constraint in new_b.bto)
dis_block_callback(cur_bloc=new_b,
offsets_to_dis=offsets_to_dis,
symbol_pool=symbol_pool, **kwargs)
# Update structure
rebuild_needed = True
self.add_node(new_b)
# The new block must be considered
todo.add(new_b)
range_start, range_stop = cur_block.get_range()
# Rebuild edges to match new blocks'bto
if rebuild_needed:
self.rebuild_edges()
def __str__(self):
out = []
for node in self.nodes():
out.append(str(node))
for nodeA, nodeB in self.edges():
out.append("%s -> %s" % (nodeA.label, nodeB.label))
return '\n'.join(out)
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self)))
# Out of _merge_blocks to be computed only once
_acceptable_block = lambda block: (not isinstance(block, AsmBlockBad) and
len(block.lines) > 0)
_parent = MatchGraphJoker(restrict_in=False, filt=_acceptable_block)
_son = MatchGraphJoker(restrict_out=False, filt=_acceptable_block)
_expgraph = _parent >> _son
def _merge_blocks(dg, graph):
"""Graph simplification merging AsmBlock with one and only one son with this
son if this son has one and only one parent"""
# Blocks to ignore, because they have been removed from the graph
to_ignore = set()
for match in _expgraph.match(graph):
# Get matching blocks
block, succ = match[_parent], match[_son]
# Ignore already deleted blocks
if (block in to_ignore or
succ in to_ignore):
continue
# Remove block last instruction if needed
last_instr = block.lines[-1]
if last_instr.delayslot > 0:
# TODO: delayslot
raise RuntimeError("Not implemented yet")
if last_instr.is_subcall():
continue
if last_instr.breakflow() and last_instr.dstflow():
block.lines.pop()
# Merge block
block.lines += succ.lines
for nextb in graph.successors_iter(succ):
graph.add_edge(block, nextb, graph.edges2constraint[(succ, nextb)])
graph.del_node(succ)
to_ignore.add(succ)
bbl_simplifier = DiGraphSimplifier()
bbl_simplifier.enable_passes([_merge_blocks])
def conservative_asm(mnemo, instr, symbols, conservative):
"""
Asm instruction;
Try to keep original instruction bytes if it exists
"""
candidates = mnemo.asm(instr, symbols)
if not candidates:
raise ValueError('cannot asm:%s' % str(instr))
if not hasattr(instr, "b"):
return candidates[0], candidates
if instr.b in candidates:
return instr.b, candidates
if conservative:
for c in candidates:
if len(c) == len(instr.b):
return c, candidates
return candidates[0], candidates
def fix_expr_val(expr, symbols):
"""Resolve an expression @expr using @symbols"""
def expr_calc(e):
if isinstance(e, ExprId):
s = symbols._name2label[e.name]
e = ExprInt(s.offset, e.size)
return e
result = expr.visit(expr_calc)
result = expr_simp(result)
if not isinstance(result, ExprInt):
raise RuntimeError('Cannot resolve symbol %s' % expr)
return result
def fix_label_offset(symbol_pool, label, offset, modified):
"""Fix the @label offset to @offset. If the @offset has changed, add @label
to @modified
@symbol_pool: current symbol_pool
"""
if label.offset == offset:
return
symbol_pool.set_offset(label, offset)
modified.add(label)
class BlockChain(object):
"""Manage blocks linked with an asm_constraint_next"""
def __init__(self, symbol_pool, blocks):
self.symbol_pool = symbol_pool
self.blocks = blocks
self.place()
@property
def pinned(self):
"""Return True iff at least one block is pinned"""
return self.pinned_block_idx is not None
def _set_pinned_block_idx(self):
self.pinned_block_idx = None
for i, block in enumerate(self.blocks):
if is_int(block.label.offset):
if self.pinned_block_idx is not None:
raise ValueError("Multiples pinned block detected")
self.pinned_block_idx = i
def place(self):
"""Compute BlockChain min_offset and max_offset using pinned block and
blocks' size
"""
self._set_pinned_block_idx()
self.max_size = 0
for block in self.blocks:
self.max_size += block.max_size + block.alignment - 1
# Check if chain has one block pinned
if not self.pinned:
return
offset_base = self.blocks[self.pinned_block_idx].label.offset
assert(offset_base % self.blocks[self.pinned_block_idx].alignment == 0)
self.offset_min = offset_base
for block in self.blocks[:self.pinned_block_idx - 1:-1]:
self.offset_min -= block.max_size + \
(block.alignment - block.max_size) % block.alignment
self.offset_max = offset_base
for block in self.blocks[self.pinned_block_idx:]:
self.offset_max += block.max_size + \
(block.alignment - block.max_size) % block.alignment
def merge(self, chain):
"""Best effort merge two block chains
Return the list of resulting blockchains"""
self.blocks += chain.blocks
self.place()
return [self]
def fix_blocks(self, modified_labels):
"""Propagate a pinned to its blocks' neighbour
@modified_labels: store new pinned labels"""
if not self.pinned:
raise ValueError('Trying to fix unpinned block')
# Propagate offset to blocks before pinned block
pinned_block = self.blocks[self.pinned_block_idx]
offset = pinned_block.label.offset
if offset % pinned_block.alignment != 0:
raise RuntimeError('Bad alignment')
for block in self.blocks[:self.pinned_block_idx - 1:-1]:
new_offset = offset - block.size
new_offset = new_offset - new_offset % pinned_block.alignment
fix_label_offset(self.symbol_pool,
block.label,
new_offset,
modified_labels)
# Propagate offset to blocks after pinned block
offset = pinned_block.label.offset + pinned_block.size
last_block = pinned_block
for block in self.blocks[self.pinned_block_idx + 1:]:
offset += (- offset) % last_block.alignment
fix_label_offset(self.symbol_pool,
block.label,
offset,
modified_labels)
offset += block.size
last_block = block
return modified_labels
class BlockChainWedge(object):
"""Stand for wedges between blocks"""
def __init__(self, symbol_pool, offset, size):
self.symbol_pool = symbol_pool
self.offset = offset
self.max_size = size
self.offset_min = offset
self.offset_max = offset + size
def merge(self, chain):
"""Best effort merge two block chains
Return the list of resulting blockchains"""
self.symbol_pool.set_offset(chain.blocks[0].label, self.offset_max)
chain.place()
return [self, chain]
def group_constrained_blocks(symbol_pool, blocks):
"""
Return the BlockChains list built from grouped asm blocks linked by
asm_constraint_next
@blocks: a list of asm block
"""
log_asmblock.info('group_constrained_blocks')
# Group adjacent blocks
remaining_blocks = list(blocks)
known_block_chains = {}
lbl2block = {block.label: block for block in blocks}
while remaining_blocks:
# Create a new block chain
block_list = [remaining_blocks.pop()]
# Find sons in remainings blocks linked with a next constraint
while True:
# Get next block
next_label = block_list[-1].get_next()
if next_label is None or next_label not in lbl2block:
break
next_block = lbl2block[next_label]
# Add the block at the end of the current chain
if next_block not in remaining_blocks:
break
block_list.append(next_block)
remaining_blocks.remove(next_block)
# Check if son is in a known block group
if next_label is not None and next_label in known_block_chains:
block_list += known_block_chains[next_label]
del known_block_chains[next_label]
known_block_chains[block_list[0].label] = block_list
out_block_chains = []
for label in known_block_chains:
chain = BlockChain(symbol_pool, known_block_chains[label])
out_block_chains.append(chain)
return out_block_chains
def get_blockchains_address_interval(blockChains, dst_interval):
"""Compute the interval used by the pinned @blockChains
Check if the placed chains are in the @dst_interval"""
allocated_interval = interval()
for chain in blockChains:
if not chain.pinned:
continue
chain_interval = interval([(chain.offset_min, chain.offset_max - 1)])
if chain_interval not in dst_interval:
raise ValueError('Chain placed out of destination interval')
allocated_interval += chain_interval
return allocated_interval
def resolve_symbol(blockChains, symbol_pool, dst_interval=None):
"""Place @blockChains in the @dst_interval"""
log_asmblock.info('resolve_symbol')
if dst_interval is None:
dst_interval = interval([(0, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)])
forbidden_interval = interval(
[(-1, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF + 1)]) - dst_interval
allocated_interval = get_blockchains_address_interval(blockChains,
dst_interval)
log_asmblock.debug('allocated interval: %s', allocated_interval)
pinned_chains = [chain for chain in blockChains if chain.pinned]
# Add wedge in forbidden intervals
for start, stop in forbidden_interval.intervals:
wedge = BlockChainWedge(
symbol_pool, offset=start, size=stop + 1 - start)
pinned_chains.append(wedge)
# Try to place bigger blockChains first
pinned_chains.sort(key=lambda x: x.offset_min)
blockChains.sort(key=lambda x: -x.max_size)
fixed_chains = list(pinned_chains)
log_asmblock.debug("place chains")
for chain in blockChains:
if chain.pinned:
continue
fixed = False
for i in xrange(1, len(fixed_chains)):
prev_chain = fixed_chains[i - 1]
next_chain = fixed_chains[i]
if prev_chain.offset_max + chain.max_size < next_chain.offset_min:
new_chains = prev_chain.merge(chain)
fixed_chains[i - 1:i] = new_chains
fixed = True
break
if not fixed:
raise RuntimeError('Cannot find enough space to place blocks')
return [chain for chain in fixed_chains if isinstance(chain, BlockChain)]
def filter_exprid_label(exprs):
"""Extract labels from list of ExprId @exprs"""
return set(expr.name for expr in exprs if isinstance(expr.name, AsmLabel))
def get_block_labels(block):
"""Extract labels used by @block"""
symbols = set()
for instr in block.lines:
if isinstance(instr, AsmRaw):
if isinstance(instr.raw, list):
for expr in instr.raw:
symbols.update(get_expr_labels(expr))
else:
for arg in instr.args:
symbols.update(get_expr_labels(arg))
return symbols
def assemble_block(mnemo, block, symbol_pool, conservative=False):
"""Assemble a @block using @symbol_pool
@conservative: (optional) use original bytes when possible
"""
offset_i = 0
for instr in block.lines:
if isinstance(instr, AsmRaw):
if isinstance(instr.raw, list):
# Fix special AsmRaw
data = ""
for expr in instr.raw:
expr_int = fix_expr_val(expr, symbol_pool)
data += pck[expr_int.size](expr_int.arg)
instr.data = data
instr.offset = offset_i
offset_i += instr.l
continue
# Assemble an instruction
saved_args = list(instr.args)
instr.offset = block.label.offset + offset_i
# Replace instruction's arguments by resolved ones
instr.args = instr.resolve_args_with_symbols(symbol_pool)
if instr.dstflow():
instr.fixDstOffset()
old_l = instr.l
cached_candidate, _ = conservative_asm(mnemo, instr, symbol_pool,
conservative)
# Restore original arguments
instr.args = saved_args
# We need to update the block size
block.size = block.size - old_l + len(cached_candidate)
instr.data = cached_candidate
instr.l = len(cached_candidate)
offset_i += instr.l
def asmblock_final(mnemo, blocks, blockChains, symbol_pool, conservative=False):
"""Resolve and assemble @blockChains using @symbol_pool until fixed point is
reached"""
log_asmblock.debug("asmbloc_final")
# Init structures
lbl2block = {block.label: block for block in blocks}
blocks_using_label = {}
for block in blocks:
exprlocs = get_block_labels(block)
labels = set(symbol_pool.loc_key_to_label(expr.loc_key) for expr in exprlocs)
for label in labels:
blocks_using_label.setdefault(label, set()).add(block)
block2chain = {}
for chain in blockChains:
for block in chain.blocks:
block2chain[block] = chain
# Init worklist
blocks_to_rework = set(blocks)
# Fix and re-assemble blocks until fixed point is reached
while True:
# Propagate pinned blocks into chains
modified_labels = set()
for chain in blockChains:
chain.fix_blocks(modified_labels)
for label in modified_labels:
# Retrive block with modified reference
if label in lbl2block:
blocks_to_rework.add(lbl2block[label])
# Enqueue blocks referencing a modified label
if label not in blocks_using_label:
continue
for block in blocks_using_label[label]:
blocks_to_rework.add(block)
# No more work
if not blocks_to_rework:
break
while blocks_to_rework:
block = blocks_to_rework.pop()
assemble_block(mnemo, block, symbol_pool, conservative)
def asmbloc_final(mnemo, blocks, blockChains, symbol_pool, conservative=False):
"""Resolve and assemble @blockChains using @symbol_pool until fixed point is
reached"""
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "asmblock_final" instead of "asmbloc_final"')
asmblock_final(mnemo, blocks, blockChains, symbol_pool, conservative)
def asm_resolve_final(mnemo, blocks, symbol_pool, dst_interval=None):
"""Resolve and assemble @blocks using @symbol_pool into interval
@dst_interval"""
blocks.sanity_check()
blocks.guess_blocks_size(mnemo)
blockChains = group_constrained_blocks(symbol_pool, blocks)
resolved_blockChains = resolve_symbol(
blockChains, symbol_pool, dst_interval)
asmblock_final(mnemo, blocks, resolved_blockChains, symbol_pool)
patches = {}
output_interval = interval()
for block in blocks:
offset = block.label.offset
for instr in block.lines:
if not instr.data:
# Empty line
continue
assert len(instr.data) == instr.l
patches[offset] = instr.data
instruction_interval = interval([(offset, offset + instr.l - 1)])
if not (instruction_interval & output_interval).empty:
raise RuntimeError("overlapping bytes %X" % int(offset))
instr.offset = offset
offset += instr.l
return patches
class disasmEngine(object):
"""Disassembly engine, taking care of disassembler options and mutli-block
strategy.
Engine options:
+ Object supporting membership test (offset in ..)
- dont_dis: stop the current disassembly branch if reached
- split_dis: force a basic block end if reached,
with a next constraint on its successor
- dont_dis_retcall_funcs: stop disassembly after a call to one
of the given functions
+ On/Off
- follow_call: recursively disassemble CALL destinations
- dontdis_retcall: stop on CALL return addresses
- dont_dis_nulstart_bloc: stop if a block begin with a few \x00
+ Number
- lines_wd: maximum block's size (in number of instruction)
- blocs_wd: maximum number of distinct disassembled block
+ callback(arch, attrib, pool_bin, cur_bloc, offsets_to_dis,
symbol_pool)
- dis_block_callback: callback after each new disassembled block
"""
def __init__(self, arch, attrib, bin_stream, **kwargs):
"""Instanciate a new disassembly engine
@arch: targeted architecture
@attrib: architecture attribute
@bin_stream: bytes source
@kwargs: (optional) custom options
"""
self.arch = arch
self.attrib = attrib
self.bin_stream = bin_stream
self.symbol_pool = AsmSymbolPool()
# Setup options
self.dont_dis = []
self.split_dis = []
self.follow_call = False
self.dontdis_retcall = False
self.lines_wd = None
self.blocs_wd = None
self.dis_block_callback = None
self.dont_dis_nulstart_bloc = False
self.dont_dis_retcall_funcs = set()
# Override options if needed
self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
def get_job_done(self):
warnings.warn("""DEPRECATION WARNING: "job_done" is not needed anymore, support is dropped.""")
return set()
def set_job_done(self, _):
warnings.warn("""DEPRECATION WARNING: "job_done" is not needed anymore, support is dropped.""")
return
def get_dis_bloc_callback(self):
warnings.warn("""DEPRECATION WARNING: "dis_bloc_callback" use dis_block_callback.""")
return self.dis_block_callback
def set_dis_bloc_callback(self, function):
warnings.warn("""DEPRECATION WARNING: "dis_bloc_callback" use dis_block_callback.""")
self.dis_block_callback = function
# Deprecated
job_done = property(get_job_done, set_job_done)
dis_bloc_callback = property(get_dis_bloc_callback, set_dis_bloc_callback)
def _dis_block(self, offset, job_done=None):
"""Disassemble the block at offset @offset
@job_done: a set of already disassembled addresses
Return the created AsmBlock and future offsets to disassemble
"""
if job_done is None:
job_done = set()
lines_cpt = 0
in_delayslot = False
delayslot_count = self.arch.delayslot
offsets_to_dis = set()
add_next_offset = False
label = self.symbol_pool.getby_offset_create(offset)
cur_block = AsmBlock(label)
log_asmblock.debug("dis at %X", int(offset))
while not in_delayslot or delayslot_count > 0:
if in_delayslot:
delayslot_count -= 1
if offset in self.dont_dis:
if not cur_block.lines:
job_done.add(offset)
# Block is empty -> bad block
cur_block = AsmBlockBad(label, errno=AsmBlockBad.ERROR_FORBIDDEN)
else:
# Block is not empty, stop the desassembly pass and add a
# constraint to the next block
cur_block.add_cst(offset, AsmConstraint.c_next,
self.symbol_pool)
break
if lines_cpt > 0 and offset in self.split_dis:
cur_block.add_cst(offset, AsmConstraint.c_next,
self.symbol_pool)
offsets_to_dis.add(offset)
break
lines_cpt += 1
if self.lines_wd is not None and lines_cpt > self.lines_wd:
log_asmblock.debug("lines watchdog reached at %X", int(offset))
break
if offset in job_done:
cur_block.add_cst(offset, AsmConstraint.c_next,
self.symbol_pool)
break
off_i = offset
error = None
try:
instr = self.arch.dis(self.bin_stream, self.attrib, offset)
except Disasm_Exception as e:
log_asmblock.warning(e)
instr = None
error = AsmBlockBad.ERROR_CANNOT_DISASM
except IOError as e:
log_asmblock.warning(e)
instr = None
error = AsmBlockBad.ERROR_IO
if instr is None:
log_asmblock.warning("cannot disasm at %X", int(off_i))
if not cur_block.lines:
job_done.add(offset)
# Block is empty -> bad block
cur_block = AsmBlockBad(label, errno=error)
else:
# Block is not empty, stop the desassembly pass and add a
# constraint to the next block
cur_block.add_cst(off_i, AsmConstraint.c_next,
self.symbol_pool)
break
# XXX TODO nul start block option
if self.dont_dis_nulstart_bloc and instr.b.count('\x00') == instr.l:
log_asmblock.warning("reach nul instr at %X", int(off_i))
if not cur_block.lines:
# Block is empty -> bad block
cur_block = AsmBlockBad(label, errno=AsmBlockBad.ERROR_NULL_STARTING_BLOCK)
else:
# Block is not empty, stop the desassembly pass and add a
# constraint to the next block
cur_block.add_cst(off_i, AsmConstraint.c_next,
self.symbol_pool)
break
# special case: flow graph modificator in delayslot
if in_delayslot and instr and (instr.splitflow() or instr.breakflow()):
add_next_offset = True
break
job_done.add(offset)
log_asmblock.debug("dis at %X", int(offset))
offset += instr.l
log_asmblock.debug(instr)
log_asmblock.debug(instr.args)
cur_block.addline(instr)
if not instr.breakflow():
continue
# test split
if instr.splitflow() and not (instr.is_subcall() and self.dontdis_retcall):
add_next_offset = True
if instr.dstflow():
instr.dstflow2label(self.symbol_pool)
destinations = instr.getdstflow(self.symbol_pool)
known_dsts = []
for dst in destinations:
if not dst.is_label():
continue
label = self.symbol_pool.loc_key_to_label(dst.loc_key)
known_dsts.append(label)
if label.offset in self.dont_dis_retcall_funcs:
add_next_offset = False
if (not instr.is_subcall()) or self.follow_call:
cur_block.bto.update([AsmConstraint(label, AsmConstraint.c_to) for label in known_dsts])
# get in delayslot mode
in_delayslot = True
delayslot_count = instr.delayslot
for c in cur_block.bto:
offsets_to_dis.add(c.label.offset)
if add_next_offset:
cur_block.add_cst(offset, AsmConstraint.c_next, self.symbol_pool)
offsets_to_dis.add(offset)
# Fix multiple constraints
cur_block.fix_constraints()
if self.dis_block_callback is not None:
self.dis_block_callback(mn=self.arch, attrib=self.attrib,
pool_bin=self.bin_stream, cur_bloc=cur_block,
offsets_to_dis=offsets_to_dis,
symbol_pool=self.symbol_pool)
return cur_block, offsets_to_dis
def dis_block(self, offset):
"""Disassemble the block at offset @offset and return the created
AsmBlock
@offset: targeted offset to disassemble
"""
current_block, _ = self._dis_block(offset)
return current_block
def dis_bloc(self, offset):
"""
DEPRECATED function
Use dis_block instead of dis_bloc
"""
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "dis_block" instead of "dis_bloc"')
return self.dis_block(offset)
def dis_multiblock(self, offset, blocks=None):
"""Disassemble every block reachable from @offset regarding
specific disasmEngine conditions
Return an AsmCFG instance containing disassembled blocks
@offset: starting offset
@blocks: (optional) AsmCFG instance of already disassembled blocks to
merge with
"""
log_asmblock.info("dis bloc all")
job_done = set()
if blocks is None:
blocks = AsmCFG(self.symbol_pool)
todo = [offset]
bloc_cpt = 0
while len(todo):
bloc_cpt += 1
if self.blocs_wd is not None and bloc_cpt > self.blocs_wd:
log_asmblock.debug("blocks watchdog reached at %X", int(offset))
break
target_offset = int(todo.pop(0))
if (target_offset is None or
target_offset in job_done):
continue
cur_block, nexts = self._dis_block(target_offset, job_done)
todo += nexts
blocks.add_node(cur_block)
blocks.apply_splitting(self.symbol_pool,
dis_block_callback=self.dis_block_callback,
mn=self.arch, attrib=self.attrib,
pool_bin=self.bin_stream)
return blocks
def dis_multibloc(self, offset, blocs=None):
"""
DEPRECATED function
Use dis_multiblock instead of dis_multibloc
"""
warnings.warn('DEPRECATION WARNING: use "dis_multiblock" instead of "dis_multibloc"')
return self.dis_multiblock(offset, blocs)
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